【正文】 (1) control measure, such as the existing control point review, encryption, and aerial control, etc.。 (5) shaft and cans of vertical way beam of monitoring, etc. GPS/ISS bination system is to meet high precision navigation and positioning of the development direction of the request. This bination system can make the GPS and the performance of theISS, can get a lot of plementary to the whole land measurement model dataprocessing, and make sure that 3 d coordinate and the positioning and the precision of the navigation unstable, and increased significantly. The inertial measurement system in mine to the measurement of the Lord is applied in application in themeasurement of the application, the activities of the underground measurement, and of course the ground also has been applied in many fields, such as stated above. ISS in mines in China, the application in the measurement of work is to carry out indepth,continue to develop. With GPS + ISS bination system used in mines measurement is a promising a technologyFour other new technology in the new instrument of surveying and mapping application to the measurement of the mineOther modern surveying and mapping instruments, such as laser point to meter, the gyro th, digital levels and related technology are all mine surveying and mapping measurement is used, and with the instrument technology as the foundation, formed many mining measurement instrument, as mine survey for the application of modern instruments and techniques. Mine survey as a cross subject, the development and the progress and the mining technology and the development of the mining project, measuring instruments and equipment of science and technology and the development of other subjects like mathematical science, puter science, etc, the development are closely related. Modern mapping technology is based on the electronic technology, space technology, optical technology, puter technology based on prehensive technology, and has the intelligence, automation and so on a series of advantages. Modern science and technology, the rapid development of surveying and mapping can surely promote the further development of mine survey. With modern technology, mining engineering surveying and mapping technology and related science and technology as the foundation, the mine survey will form and collect data acquisition, processing, management, transmission, analysis, expression, application, output for the integration of intelligence, automation technology system for mine resources, environmental information system establishment provide fundamental material, promoting mine sustainable development. 測繪在礦山測量中的發(fā)展 七十年代以來，隨著電子技術(shù)和激光技術(shù)的發(fā)展，光電結(jié)合型的測繪儀器 (如測距儀、全站儀、陀螺儀 )對傳統(tǒng)的測繪儀器方法產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)其現(xiàn)代任務(wù)，礦山測量必須充分應(yīng)用現(xiàn)代測繪儀器和技術(shù)，將先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)代技術(shù)同礦山測量的實(shí)際工作、具體特點(diǎn)相結(jié)合，拓寬礦山測量的生存空間和業(yè)務(wù)范圍，促進(jìn)礦山測量的改革和發(fā)展，適應(yīng)市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和礦山體制改革的需要。智能型全站 儀是集光、電、磁、機(jī)的最新科學(xué)成果，集測距、測角為一體的先進(jìn)儀器。全站儀已 在工程測量、礦山測量、地籍測量等領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，其發(fā)展及應(yīng)用正處在飛速發(fā)展之中?；谌緝x和現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)可建立礦山三維數(shù)據(jù)自動(dòng)采集、傳輸、處理的礦山測量數(shù)據(jù)處理系統(tǒng)，取代傳統(tǒng)的手簿記錄 、手工錄入、繁瑣計(jì)算等大量的重復(fù)性的工作。 GPS作為一項(xiàng)引起傳統(tǒng)測繪觀念重大變革的技術(shù)，已經(jīng)成為大地測量的主要技術(shù)手段，也是最具潛力的全能型技術(shù)，在礦山測量、控制測量、工程測量、環(huán)境監(jiān)測、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)以及交通運(yùn)輸工具的導(dǎo)航方面發(fā)揮著重要的作用。以空間信息技術(shù)為技 術(shù)支撐，現(xiàn)代測繪儀器、技術(shù)正處于快速的發(fā)展之中。航天遙感在礦山測量中應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵理論與技術(shù)也正處于研究之中。如利用 GPS技術(shù)進(jìn)行礦區(qū)地表移動(dòng)監(jiān)測、水文觀測孔高程監(jiān)測、礦區(qū)控制網(wǎng)建立或復(fù)測、改造等。以礦區(qū)資源環(huán) 境信息系統(tǒng)為平臺，以各種測量技術(shù)為數(shù)據(jù)獲取的途徑，可以建立集數(shù)據(jù)采集、處理、管理、分析、輸出于一體的自動(dòng)化、智能化的技術(shù)系統(tǒng)，作為礦山可持續(xù)發(fā)展的決策支持系統(tǒng)。 3 慣性測量系統(tǒng)及其在礦山測量中的應(yīng)用 ： 慣性測量系統(tǒng) (Inertial Surveying System: ISS)是一種導(dǎo)航定位技術(shù)，具有全天候、自主式、快速多能和機(jī)動(dòng)靈活等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，為大地測量、工程測量和礦山測量作業(yè)的自動(dòng)化和全能性提供了另一種新的技術(shù)手段。這種組合系統(tǒng)可使 GPS與 ISS的性能得到很多互補(bǔ)，能夠以整體大地測量模型進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理，同時(shí)確定三維坐標(biāo)和大地水準(zhǔn)面，使定位和導(dǎo)航的精度穩(wěn)定，且顯著提高。 結(jié)論 ： 礦山測量作為一門交叉性學(xué)科，其發(fā)展和進(jìn)步與 采礦技術(shù)和礦業(yè)工程的發(fā)展、測量科學(xué)技術(shù)與儀器設(shè)備的發(fā)展、其它學(xué)科如數(shù)理科學(xué)、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)等的發(fā)展密切相關(guān)。