【正文】 highest quality visitor experience for these groups. Tour Wholesaler Organizations Canada Dream Travel Group Headquarters: Its head quarter is situated in Vancouver, the biggest city in west coast of Canada. Case Study Business field: 1. arranging munication between governments and groups, as well as among associations 2. Agent businesses of luxury passenger liners in Alaska and Caribbean 3. Making the flight reservation 4. Arranging for training about different Industries 5. Arranging tour in Canada for tourists from overseas 6. Organizing summer camps 加拿大東西海岸 8天精華游 brochure inter television newspaper Before the departure, the tour operator will make an investigation and estimate the number of the tourists, and then give the information to the local agency. food French food, Chinese food, wine (trout ,grape farm) acmodation holiday inn or similar transportation flight, coach, cruise touring so many shopping St. Catherine business street entertainment tour manager tour wholesaler tourists tour information guide feedback suggestions This chapter has differentiated a tour operator and a travel agent, and described the operation of a tour operator in the basic structure of the travel industry. The business of tour operator is mainly made up of planning, preparing, and selling a vacation tour. It also provides such services as making reservations and bining transportation and ground services to create a package tour. National Tour Association is a successful example of tour operating. Not all entities can operate as tour wholesalers。降低旅游者的購(gòu)買風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 ◆ 建立覆蓋面廣、性能優(yōu)良的分銷系統(tǒng)； ◆ 使企業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、規(guī)?；⑵放苹?； ◆ 與上下游企業(yè)、同行及管理部門(mén)保持良好關(guān)系。 b. 發(fā)布旅游須知 c. 訂購(gòu)門(mén)票、機(jī)票、飯店，通過(guò)打折優(yōu)惠 政策，使旅行社獲得絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)（世博會(huì)門(mén)票：個(gè)人票、團(tuán)體票：普通團(tuán)隊(duì)票、學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)票） d. 在線游客數(shù)據(jù)收集快速準(zhǔn)確，做好了成本控制 ?Tour management旅游管理 康輝利用全國(guó)網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)將上海世博會(huì)的相關(guān)信息傳遞至旅游代理商，有旅游代理商組織旅游，并利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系全程 監(jiān)管 ，進(jìn)行團(tuán)隊(duì)跟蹤，也通過(guò)此體系收集旅游者 反饋 意見(jiàn)。據(jù)介紹，首發(fā)團(tuán)的 4條線路中，兩個(gè)飛機(jī)團(tuán)線路分別為 4日游和 6日游；專列線路都為 12日游。在這期間，康輝一共有兩個(gè)飛機(jī)團(tuán)、兩列火車專列。 康輝利用 網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系、分銷系統(tǒng) 進(jìn)行 旅游批發(fā) 的經(jīng)營(yíng)流程 ? Product planning產(chǎn)品的計(jì)劃 如， 2023年 11月，康輝取得 2023年上海世博會(huì)世博游指定旅行社資格，成為四川地區(qū)唯一一家擁有該項(xiàng)資格的旅行社組織此次包價(jià)旅游。 ? 向個(gè)性化、品牌化、差異化發(fā)展。成為此次交易會(huì)上最大的企業(yè)展館。 發(fā)展模式 廣東“國(guó)旅假期 ” 神龍架林區(qū)政府 景區(qū)的宣傳推廣；輸送客源。 健康、活力、向上，象蓬勃的朝陽(yáng)，體現(xiàn)企業(yè)昂首奮進(jìn)的精神，激發(fā)人們對(duì)生命的熱忱，喚起人們對(duì)美好生活的渴望。 青旅控股 目標(biāo) ： 鎖定國(guó)際化旅游批發(fā)商 措施 （ 1）擴(kuò)大市場(chǎng)份額，樹(shù)立規(guī)模優(yōu)勢(shì)。 旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)商的價(jià)值 包價(jià)旅游的低廉花費(fèi)與個(gè)人自助旅游的劃分相比更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力 旅游供應(yīng)商可以針對(duì)市場(chǎng)的不同需求，設(shè)計(jì)多樣的旅游產(chǎn)品，供旅游代理商和旅游者選擇 旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)商可以提前給目的地供應(yīng)商提供未來(lái)相關(guān)信息，減小了旅游目的地的經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 旅游代理商仍然是旅游代理商銷售旅游產(chǎn)品的主要渠道 設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)旅游產(chǎn)品 定購(gòu)一定數(shù)量客房 設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)包價(jià)旅游產(chǎn)品 旅游者 定購(gòu)一定數(shù)量飛機(jī)票、火車票 旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)商生產(chǎn)流程 與旅游企業(yè)和旅行社簽訂合同 Last Modified: 2004兺06懍14粧 10:16 湰屃 旅游者 一次性付費(fèi) 旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)商 分配 旅游飯店 旅游交通 旅游景點(diǎn) 其他旅行社 經(jīng)濟(jì)利益分配 Horizontal integration occurs when firms attain a higher level of consolidation or control within their own sector Vertical integration occurs when a firm obtains greater control over elements of the product chain outside its own sector. 6. Integration of the tour operator VERTICAL BACKWARD INTEGRATION Gain control over pany that manufactures HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION Establish adventure tourism tour operator subsidiary HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION Acquire controlling interest in another tour operator Gain control over chain of travel agents VERTICAL FORWARD INTEGRATION Tour operator Horizontal and vertical integration 7. Main processes of the tour management Capacity planning Financial evaluation marketing Tour management 1 2 3 4 第一步 流程 第二步 第三步 第四步 Financial evaluation（財(cái)務(wù)預(yù)估 ） Marketing（市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷） Tour management（旅游管理） 旅游經(jīng)營(yíng)商管理流程 Capacity planning（旅客數(shù)量的計(jì)劃 ） Capacity planning The tour operator can make use of market forecasts to plan total capacity and bine them with the market strategy to set the type, destination and volume of the tour. Once the tour plan has been made, reservations of beds and aircraft or coach seat must be taken into consideration. Financial evaluation (1)Set an acceptable range of changes in exchange rates so as to determine tour prices and then buy the foreign exchange required at an agreed rate beforehand. (2)Make an additional charge when the customers pay for the cost. Marketing Tour operators provide the brochure for tourists to consult the information about specific tours so as to make a decision. Booking patterns play a vital role in controlling the progress of advertising and sales campaigns. The booking patterns concluded from past experience can be used as a reference for tour operators to pare actual with predicted booking. At the time when there are not enough tourists, tour operators have the right to cancel holidays or consolidate them into other packages. Tour management (1)Send a representative to the destination to guide the tour. (2)After the holiday or the touring, tour operators must deal w