中國有源相控陣技術(shù)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r及其戰(zhàn)略影響-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 能直接說明中國的封裝技術(shù)水平，但他們可作為參考，并說明在第一代AESA雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)中，中國不可能擁有與美國相同的技術(shù)水平，而美國被廣泛承認(rèn)是掌握最先進(jìn)專業(yè)T/R組件封裝技術(shù)的國家（Kopp，2014）。無論是俄羅斯還是以色列，以與F16機(jī)頭鼻錐容積相類似的Mig35和以色列F16，在其第一代AESA雷達(dá)系統(tǒng)中均未能放置1000個(gè)T/R組件。J10飛機(jī)的鼻錐部位空間與F16類同，或被J10部分借鑒設(shè)計(jì)的以色列“獅”戰(zhàn)機(jī)。Image 3:The image which allegedly describes the number of TR modules within the J10B, J16, and J20 has been posted on numerous defense forums since at least December of 2013.圖3：該圖展示了截止2013年12月前在眾多軍事防御論壇廣泛登載的J10B、J16和J20上AESA系統(tǒng)的T/R組件數(shù)量。典型的液冷系統(tǒng)往往采用一個(gè)液壓泵驅(qū)動(dòng)冷卻液在天線的散熱管道中流動(dòng)，并最終通過冷卻液將熱量傳遞給熱交換機(jī)。與機(jī)械掃描（MSA）系統(tǒng)不同，風(fēng)冷散熱系統(tǒng)不足以防止散熱相關(guān)的系統(tǒng)故障以及由其引起的頻繁維修費(fèi)用：“Due to the behavior of microwave transistor amplifiers, the power efficiency of a TR module transmitter is typically less than 45%. As a result, an AESA will dissipate a lot of heat which must be extracted to prevent the transmitter chips being molten pools of Gallium Arsenide reliability of GaAs MMIC chips improves the cooler they are run. Traditional air cooling used in most established avionic hardware is ill suited to the high packaging density of an AESA, as a result of which modern AESAs are liquid designs employ a polyalphaolefin (PAO) coolant similar to a synthetic hydraulic fluid. A typical liquid cooling system will use pumps to drive the coolant through channels in the antenna, and then route it to a heat exchanger. That might be an air cooled core (radiator style) or an immersed heat exchanger in a fuel tank with a second liquid cooling loop to dump heat from the fuel tank. In parison with a conventional air cooled fighter radar, the AESA will be more reliable but will require more electrical power and more cooling, and typically can produce much higher transmit power if needed for greater target detection range performance (increasing transmitted power has the drawback of increasing the footprint over which a hostile ESM or RWR can detect the radar” – Kopp, 2014“由于微波發(fā)射放大器的特性，T/R組件中發(fā)射部分的用電效率典型值小于45%。s first generation of AESAs also utilize a multiT/R channel design.圖2：早期美國制造的4聯(lián)裝T/R組件。通過減小單個(gè)T/R組件的體積，封裝技術(shù)決定了再固定的空間內(nèi)可容納的最大T/R組件數(shù)量。s thermal management system(s). The volume of the nose is a fairly intuitive constraint, the larger an aircraft’s nose is, the larger the radar can be. For example, the F15C’s nose cone is able to acmodate the much larger 1,500 T/R element APG63V(3) radar vs. the F16C Block 60 with its paratively smaller nose cone and its 1,000 T/R element APG80 AESA. Packaging technology refers to how many individual T/R modules can be installed within the finite space usually acplished by reductions in size of the individual T/R modules. The more technologically advanced a firm’s T/R packaging technology is, the smaller the individual T/R modules will be resulting in an increase density of the layout of T/R modules within the array. Thus, advancements in packaging technology enable engineers to acmodate more T/R modules within the fixed volume of the aircraft39。此外，當(dāng)前《國外隱身戰(zhàn)機(jī)威脅分析第一部分：成飛J20》中已經(jīng)對(duì)J20的航電系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顟B(tài)進(jìn)行了大量描述，本文隨后將提供有關(guān)J20有源相控陣?yán)走_(dá)發(fā)展的最新信息。s intent was to pile a wide variety of information on expected future developments in Chinese actively scanned electronic array (AESA) radars. Furthermore, the current “Threat Analysis of Foreign Stealth Fighters: Part I Chengdu J20” is largely dated with respect to developments with the J20’s avionics suite and this article subsequently provides more upto
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