【正文】 hat plex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs and many other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society” (quoted, in Bock, 1979). Tylor’s definition of culture has continually been the basis of most modern anthropological conceptions of culture. literacy. culture。 Why is it important to elaborate on the definition of culture？ The term of culture almost covers every aspect of human life. According to A Dictionary of Translation Studies (Fang Mengzhi, 2004), culture is generally divided by anthropologists into at least four systems: technoeconomic system, social system, ideational system and linguistic system.Thus, the differences and conflicts between various cultures bee conspicuous in translating process. For instance, it takes great care to translate the word “individualism”. The English definition of this word provided in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English is “the idea that the rights and freedom of the individual are the most important rights in a society”, which can be literally translated into “認(rèn)為個(gè)人的權(quán)利和自由是社會(huì)中最重要的權(quán)利的觀點(diǎn)”. This is a term typically reflecting western values. Yet, the acpanying Chinese explanation is “個(gè)人主義”. It is known to all that the Chinese connotation of the word “個(gè)人主義” is pletely derogatory. The definition of “個(gè)人主義” given in Student’s Modern Chinese Dictionary is “一切從個(gè)人出發(fā)，把個(gè)人利益放在集體之上，只顧自己，不顧別人的錯(cuò)誤思想”. By parison, it is easy for us to draw the conclusion that “個(gè)人主義” is definitely not the equivalent of “individualism”. Roughly, there are two translating approaches to cultural conflicts: domestication and foreignization. The school of domestication, represented by Eugene A. Nida, is targetlanguageoriented. Scholars of this school advocate smooth and transparent versions by domesticating foreign cultures so that the target readers can understand them easily. The school of foreignization, represented by Venuti, is sourcelanguageoriented. Scholars of this school hold that the things unique to foreign cultures should be reserved so as to introduce new expressions into the target language and enrich it. The disputes between the two schools have been going on and on and neither side seems to convince the other.Which strategy is better, domestication or foreignization? There is no certain answer. It is decided upon by varieties of factors whether to choose domesticating or foreignizing strategy, namely, the intention of the translator, textual function, sociocultural environment, historical limitations, the translator’s style, etc. The decisionmaking process of translation is conditional rather than unconditional.The cultural view on translation provides a new perspective for translation studies. There are many disputable issues, including the one between domestication and foreignization. Once researching them from the perspective of culture, scholars of the translation circle find that many of these problems seem solvable. That is, whatever the strategy is, so long as it can help cultural munication, it has its necessity to exist. This is maybe one of the remendable aspects of the cultural view on translation. Though the cultural view on translation has its advantages in solving tough problems and it may well help translation studies to develop at a deeper level and in a more scientific direction, it has its own limitations. It is just one perspective of translation studies. Only when scholars engaged in translation bine it with the development of other related disciplines, can they make translation studies an independent and more scientific discipline. 同時(shí)，作者也認(rèn)為，文化翻譯觀只是翻譯研究的眾多角度中的一個(gè)，與從其他角度進(jìn)行的翻譯研究是互補(bǔ)性的，它的發(fā)展有賴于相關(guān)學(xué)科的繁榮和發(fā)展。翻譯中有爭(zhēng)議的問題很多，如異化和歸化，譯者能否有自己的風(fēng)格，能否對(duì)原作進(jìn)行刪節(jié)修改，直譯與意譯，譯作中能否保留翻譯的痕跡，等等。兩派之爭(zhēng)由來(lái)已久，各自都有自己的理論依據(jù)，也都有為數(shù)不少的支持者。作者認(rèn)為文化共核是翻譯和文化交流能夠進(jìn)行的基礎(chǔ)，而文化差異是順利達(dá)成文化交流的障礙，也是譯者翻譯實(shí)踐中的最大困難。第一章, 語(yǔ)言，文化和翻譯。傳統(tǒng)的翻譯研究只是把翻譯看作一種語(yǔ)言符號(hào)的轉(zhuǎn)換活動(dòng)，對(duì)于文化因素對(duì)翻譯過(guò)程的介入討論不夠充分。ABSTRACT Traditional translation studies treat translation as the transformation of linguistic signs, taking insufficient notice of the interference of cultural factors in the translating process. However, owing to the natural and close relations between language, culture and translation, with the development of related disciplines, translation studies from the perspective of cultural munication have been gaining weight in the academic circles of translation theories in recent years, which resulted in the cultural view on translation.This thesis tries to explore translating problems from the cultural perspective. It falls into seven parts including the Introduction: The thesis starts with the Introduction in which the author concisely states his purpose of writing this paper, outlining the contents of the whole thesis according to its structure.Chapter One is Language, Culture and Translation. This chapter is designed to explicate the concept of culture and the relations between language, culture and translation, laying foundations for the following discussion at deeper levels.Chapter Two is Cultural View on Translation and Cultural Factors to be Taken into Account When Translating. On the basis of analysing traditional translation studies, the author points out the defects of traditional translation studies. Then the author looks back at the culture turn in translation studies and introduces the cultural view on translation. The author holds the view that mon cultural core is the foundation of translation and cultural munication, but cultural differences pose obstacles to smooth cultural exchange and cultural conflicts are the tough nut for translators to crack. Chapter Three is Foreignization and Domestication—Two Approaches to Cultural Translation. When it es to the discussion of handling cultural factors in translation, scholars at home and abroad can be roughly divided into two schools: the school of foreignization and the school of domestication, with Venuti and Nida being their major respective representative