【正文】 e that we should ask our teacher for help. 我們接受了他的建議：我們應(yīng)該請求老師的幫助。It is a pity that we should not meet last night. 真遺憾我們昨天晚上沒有見過面。We’d rather you went here tomorrow. 我么倒想你明天去那兒。He wishes we could go and play games with him. 他希望我們能去跟他做游戲。其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為： should + 原形動(dòng)詞。但是，當(dāng)insist的意思為：堅(jiān)決認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持說；suggest的意思為：表明，暗含，暗示等時(shí)，賓語從句一般不用虛擬語氣。I was very surprised that Father should have known what I did yesterday. 我很吃驚，父親竟指導(dǎo)我昨天所作的事情。如：He was angry that you should call him by name. 他很生氣，你竟然對他直呼其名。虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：表示所發(fā)生的時(shí)間虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前had + 過去分詞與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生過去時(shí)(be 用were )發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后would / could / might / should+原形動(dòng)詞例如：They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他們開始熱烈的談?wù)撈饋砭秃孟袼麄円严嗷フJ(rèn)識很久了。The party was a success, however inadequate the preparations may have been.You mustn’t be proud, however much you may have achieved.(3) 在though, although等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為 should +動(dòng)詞原形，主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。② may +完成式(指過去) ，主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。(2) 在whatever， whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter whword 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：① may +動(dòng)詞原形(指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信讀得很仔細(xì)以便不漏掉一個(gè)單詞。并且 should不能省略She examined the door again for fear that a thief should e in. 她又把門檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進(jìn)入。（主語從句）His suggestion was that everyone (should) have a map.他的建議是每個(gè)人都有一個(gè)地圖。They requested that he (should) sign a song.他們要求他唱支歌。適用上述結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, arranged, better, pulsory, crucial, decided, demanded, desirable, desired, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, ordered, preferable, proper, proposed, remended, requested, suggested, urgent, vital, willing等等。下面我們逐個(gè)說明。Take some money with you in case you should need it.帶上點(diǎn)錢，以防急需。從上面例句可以看出，雖然動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，but that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞help用的是陳述語氣（一般過去時(shí)而非虛擬語氣的過去完成時(shí)）?！馼ut that but that是連詞，譯為“要不是…”、“如果沒有…”。●but forbut for是短語介詞，譯為“要不是…”、“如果沒有…”。It is high time that we were off.是我們該走的時(shí)候了。（陳述語氣，有可能真的喝醉了）He walk as if her were drunk.他走起路來好像喝醉了似的。（現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，她并不是用冰做的）I feel as if we had known each other for years.我感到好像我們已經(jīng)相識多年似的。，如果詞語動(dòng)詞是be，則一切人稱均可用were。（過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望）I would rather/sooner the football match would take place tomorrow.我寧愿足球賽明天舉行。If only he would not eat so much sugar.要是他不吃那么多糖就好了?！駃f only后的從句 if only表示“但愿”、“要是…就好了”、“（我）真希望…”。（將來的愿望在說話人看來很難實(shí)現(xiàn)）注意1. 如果wish是過去式(wished)，后面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣形式不變，在譯為中文時(shí)，可以加上“當(dāng)時(shí)”、“那里”。（愿望與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反）I wish I were as young as you.我要是像你一樣年輕該多好。3. 一些程序化了的必須或可能使用虛擬語氣的情況在英語中，有些動(dòng)詞、短語、句型中，必須或可能要使用虛擬語氣，下面逐一說明：（1）wish, if only, would rather, would sooner 后的虛擬語氣wish, if only, would rather, would sooner是指人們無法實(shí)現(xiàn)或很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的主觀愿望表2. 從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的形式用 法動(dòng)詞形式表示當(dāng)時(shí)未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望一般過去式表示過去未實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望過去完成式表示將來不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)可能性很小的愿望過去將來式（見表1）的條件狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞形式基本相同。例如：Without air, there would be no wind or clouds.如果沒有空氣，就不會(huì)有風(fēng)或云。Should she e here, we would discuss this matter with her.要是他來這兒的話，我們就和她討論這件事。）(5)省略if的非真實(shí)條件句如果非真實(shí)條件句中的謂語包括had, should, were三個(gè)詞，連接詞if可以省略。）If you were in better health, we would have allowed you to join them in the work.如果你身體好些，我們就讓你和他們一道做這工作了。(4)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間非真實(shí)條件句 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間非真實(shí)條件句是指條件句與主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致。She would have e if she hadn’t been so busy.要不是太忙，她就來了。If it weren’t/wasn’t raining, we wouldn’t stay indoor.要是現(xiàn)在不下雨，我們就不會(huì)呆在屋里。would / should / might / could + 動(dòng)詞原形現(xiàn)在動(dòng)詞過去式(be 用 were)would / should / might / could + 動(dòng)詞原形過去had +動(dòng)詞過去分詞would / should / might / could have + 動(dòng)詞過去分詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have donecould have done 本來可以 might have done 本來可能 should / ought to have done 本來應(yīng)該做 shouldn’t / ought not to have done 本不該做 你本不應(yīng)該告訴她真相。succeed!祝您成功！虛擬語氣是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，用來表達(dá)未能成為事實(shí)或者不可能成為事實(shí)的情況，或者在說話人看來實(shí)現(xiàn)可能性很小的情況。pass ②Iflya虛擬語氣表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實(shí)，而是說話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測等。tolatesheyesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙嗎？ ③Howyousides陳述語氣表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實(shí)的、確定的或符合事實(shí)的，用于陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。包括陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣三種。two ②Weredayteacherbeforgetthewerecould我就能在空中飛行。couldyou將來動(dòng)詞過去式(be用were)should + 動(dòng)詞原形were to + 動(dòng)詞原形I