【正文】 e that we should ask our teacher for help. 我們接受了他的建議：我們應(yīng)該請求老師的幫助。It is a pity that we should not meet last night. 真遺憾我們昨天晚上沒有見過面。We’d rather you went here tomorrow. 我么倒想你明天去那兒。He wishes we could go and play games with him. 他希望我們能去跟他做游戲。其虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為： should + 原形動詞。但是，當(dāng)insist的意思為：堅決認(rèn)為，堅持說；suggest的意思為：表明，暗含，暗示等時，賓語從句一般不用虛擬語氣。I was very surprised that Father should have known what I did yesterday. 我很吃驚，父親竟指導(dǎo)我昨天所作的事情。如：He was angry that you should call him by name. 他很生氣，你竟然對他直呼其名。虛擬語氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：表示所發(fā)生的時間虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生在主句動作之前had + 過去分詞與主句動作同時發(fā)生過去時(be 用were )發(fā)生在主句動作之后would / could / might / should+原形動詞例如：They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他們開始熱烈的談?wù)撈饋砭秃孟袼麄円严嗷フJ(rèn)識很久了。The party was a success, however inadequate the preparations may have been.You mustn’t be proud, however much you may have achieved.(3) 在though, although等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為 should +動詞原形，主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。② may +完成式(指過去) ，主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。(2) 在whatever， whichever，whenever，whoever, wherever，however, no matter whword 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，從句虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：① may +動詞原形(指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信讀得很仔細(xì)以便不漏掉一個單詞。并且 should不能省略She examined the door again for fear that a thief should e in. 她又把門檢查了一遍，以防盜賊的進(jìn)入。（主語從句）His suggestion was that everyone (should) have a map.他的建議是每個人都有一個地圖。They requested that he (should) sign a song.他們要求他唱支歌。適用上述結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, arranged, better, pulsory, crucial, decided, demanded, desirable, desired, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, ordered, preferable, proper, proposed, remended, requested, suggested, urgent, vital, willing等等。下面我們逐個說明。Take some money with you in case you should need it.帶上點錢，以防急需。從上面例句可以看出，雖然動作發(fā)生在過去，but that從句中的謂語動詞help用的是陳述語氣（一般過去時而非虛擬語氣的過去完成時）?！馼ut that but that是連詞，譯為“要不是…”、“如果沒有…”?！馼ut forbut for是短語介詞，譯為“要不是…”、“如果沒有…”。It is high time that we were off.是我們該走的時候了。（陳述語氣，有可能真的喝醉了）He walk as if her were drunk.他走起路來好像喝醉了似的。（現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在事實相反，她并不是用冰做的）I feel as if we had known each other for years.我感到好像我們已經(jīng)相識多年似的。，如果詞語動詞是be，則一切人稱均可用were。（過去沒有實現(xiàn)的愿望）I would rather/sooner the football match would take place tomorrow.我寧愿足球賽明天舉行。If only he would not eat so much sugar.要是他不吃那么多糖就好了?！駃f only后的從句 if only表示“但愿”、“要是…就好了”、“（我）真希望…”。（將來的愿望在說話人看來很難實現(xiàn)）注意1. 如果wish是過去式(wished)，后面的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣形式不變，在譯為中文時，可以加上“當(dāng)時”、“那里”。（愿望與現(xiàn)在的事實相反）I wish I were as young as you.我要是像你一樣年輕該多好。3. 一些程序化了的必須或可能使用虛擬語氣的情況在英語中，有些動詞、短語、句型中，必須或可能要使用虛擬語氣，下面逐一說明：（1）wish, if only, would rather, would sooner 后的虛擬語氣wish, if only, would rather, would sooner是指人們無法實現(xiàn)或很難實現(xiàn)的主觀愿望表2. 從句中謂語動詞的形式用 法動詞形式表示當(dāng)時未實現(xiàn)的愿望一般過去式表示過去未實現(xiàn)的愿望過去完成式表示將來不可能實現(xiàn)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)可能性很小的愿望過去將來式（見表1）的條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞形式基本相同。例如：Without air, there would be no wind or clouds.如果沒有空氣，就不會有風(fēng)或云。Should she e here, we would discuss this matter with her.要是他來這兒的話，我們就和她討論這件事。）(5)省略if的非真實條件句如果非真實條件句中的謂語包括had, should, were三個詞，連接詞if可以省略。）If you were in better health, we would have allowed you to join them in the work.如果你身體好些，我們就讓你和他們一道做這工作了。(4)錯綜時間非真實條件句 錯綜時間非真實條件句是指條件句與主句動作發(fā)生的時間不一致。She would have e if she hadn’t been so busy.要不是太忙，她就來了。If it weren’t/wasn’t raining, we wouldn’t stay indoor.要是現(xiàn)在不下雨，我們就不會呆在屋里。would / should / might / could + 動詞原形現(xiàn)在動詞過去式(be 用 were)would / should / might / could + 動詞原形過去had +動詞過去分詞would / should / might / could have + 動詞過去分詞情態(tài)動詞+ have donecould have done 本來可以 might have done 本來可能 should / ought to have done 本來應(yīng)該做 shouldn’t / ought not to have done 本不該做 你本不應(yīng)該告訴她真相。succeed!祝您成功！虛擬語氣是動詞的一種特殊形式，用來表達(dá)未能成為事實或者不可能成為事實的情況，或者在說話人看來實現(xiàn)可能性很小的情況。pass ②Iflya虛擬語氣表示動作或狀態(tài)不是客觀存在的事實，而是說話人的主觀愿望、假設(shè)或推測等。tolatesheyesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙嗎？ ③Howyousides陳述語氣表示動作或狀態(tài)是現(xiàn)實的、確定的或符合事實的，用于陳述句、疑問句和某些感嘆句。包括陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣三種。two ②Weredayteacherbeforgetthewerecould我就能在空中飛行。couldyou將來動詞過去式(be用were)should + 動詞原形were to + 動詞原形I