【正文】 ........................................ 4 系統(tǒng)的控制方案 ......................................................................................................... 5 車自動清洗裝置 PLC 控制的總體設計 .................................................................... 5 控制系統(tǒng)的設計 ......................................................................................................... 5 自動洗車機的驅(qū)動控制系統(tǒng) ..................................................................................... 7 PLC 的工作原理 .......................................................................................................... 8 PLC 系統(tǒng)設計流程圖 .................................................................................................. 9 3 系統(tǒng)的硬件設計 .................................................................................................................. 11 PLC 的選型 ................................................................................................................ 11 歐姆龍 PLC 簡介 ........................................................................................... 11 西門子 PLC 簡介 ............................................................................................ 11 可編程控制器的基本組成 ....................................................................................... 13 中央處理單元（ CPU） ................................................................................ 13 存儲器 ............................................................................................................ 13 輸入輸出接口 ................................................................................................ 13 編程器 ............................................................................................................ 15 PLC 與繼電器控制系統(tǒng)的比較 ..................................................................... 15 機型選擇的基本原則 ............................................................................................... 16 目錄 2 PLC 容量選擇 ............................................................................................................ 16 I/O 模塊的選擇 .......................................................................................................... 17 電源模塊的選擇 ....................................................................................................... 17 電機的選擇 ............................................................................................................... 18 直流電動機 .................................................................................................... 18 異步電動機 .................................................................................................... 18 同步電動機 .................................................................................................... 18 電動機的選擇 ................................................................................................ 19 位置傳感器的選型 ................................................................................................... 19 傳感器的工作原理及分類 ............................................................................ 19 傳感器的應用 ................................................................................................ 20 4系統(tǒng)的軟件設計 ................................................................................................................... 22 分析任務要求及解決方案 ........................................................................................ 22 輸入輸出部分 ........................................................................................................... 24 I/O 分配表 .................................................................................................................. 25 PLC 輸入輸出接線圖 ................................................................................................ 26 程序原理分析 ........................................................................................................... 27 PLC 控制梯型圖 ........................................................................................................ 28 總 結(jié) ........................................................................................................................................ 32 致 謝 ........................................................................................................................................ 33 參考文獻 .................................................................................................................................. 34 河北工程大學科信學院畢業(yè)設計說明書 1 1 緒 論 研究背景簡介 隨著近幾年私家車的大量涌入 ,汽車清洗行業(yè)發(fā)展很快。 關(guān)鍵詞 ：自動清洗機 ； PLC； 控制系統(tǒng) ； 硬件及軟件 ； 梯形圖Abstract Ⅱ Abstract As the amount of car increases very quickly, the service trades of car are facing a very important chance. Because Car Washing is the most important equipment in the process of washing car, these questions must be reflected on in the process of the design and the manufacture of the automatic car washer, such as the washing effect of washing car, the efficiency of washing car, the cost of washing car, the protect of environment, and so on. In this side, according to the analysis of the function and the operating process of car washer, the overall plan of design is determined. The detail design of the driving and controlling system of car washer are designed, according to the characteristics of the automatic car, it adopts some processes, such as the vaginal spray, spray cleaning agent, brushing, air drying and so on. In the control system, it adopts the technology of sensor and PLC to design the position of PLC hardware and program the controlling software. The controller is Siemens S7 series PLC and the program is ladder program, it meets the requirements of the operating and controlling and also the demands of the efficiency, the cost and the environment. Keywords: automatic car。摘 要 Ⅰ 摘 要 隨著我國汽車數(shù)量的迅速的升高，汽車清洗行業(yè)迎來了一個重要的發(fā)展的機遇，自動洗車機作為洗車工作必不可少的設備，其清洗的