【正文】 煤的過(guò)程中，流量和爐的進(jìn)程計(jì)算分析被提出。一個(gè)測(cè)量爐中火焰高度的簡(jiǎn)單辦法是在操作鍋爐的過(guò)程中進(jìn)行，這需要考慮通過(guò)爐前后方噴嘴不斷變化的空氣流量比率；這個(gè)過(guò)程允許由干底模式替換為液態(tài)排渣模式，反之亦然。四個(gè)可控火焰的鍋爐計(jì)劃被記述，它們遵循大型噴嘴彼此相噴射的原理，這其中的三個(gè)計(jì)劃已經(jīng)被實(shí)施了。因此，火焰接近于水壁，后者被殘?jiān)廴?。通過(guò)噴射用來(lái)制造一個(gè)很大的漩渦，用來(lái)覆蓋爐裝置的大部分體積，這種裝置是在爐膛四角布置燃燒器。燃燒器的數(shù)量可能暫時(shí)與爐的深度 af聯(lián)系（同時(shí) f =idem），此時(shí)用公式。該爐具有相同的噴嘴區(qū)域總出口橫斷面（ Σ Fb ）和相同的噴射速度聯(lián)系著這些區(qū)域（ wb）。這讓很多不是很?chē)?yán)格的要求可以置于一致的水平上，在這一水平上，燃料必須被分配在爐內(nèi)。定量關(guān)系被建立在以質(zhì)量和幾何參數(shù)的濃度為特征的參數(shù)上，質(zhì)量取決于混合噴射進(jìn)入有限空間的流量，幾何參數(shù)的濃度為 ?f Σ Fb/Ff， nb=idem,Gb=idem。因此這個(gè)問(wèn)題應(yīng)考慮更多的細(xì)節(jié)。對(duì)于控制蒸汽產(chǎn)量為 600噸 /小時(shí) TPE214 and TPE215 型鍋爐進(jìn)程，更多可能性是通過(guò)在兩個(gè)距離較大的層面上采用平面火焰燃燒器。在兩種情況下，燃燒器之間的距離與在過(guò)渡階段的噴射直徑 dtr 相等，這與建立于實(shí)踐與建議的價(jià)值差別很小。 在 a= ，噴嘴的初始噴射圓長(zhǎng)等同于 10倍的 r0，噴射過(guò)渡段（在初始噴射結(jié)束時(shí)）的半徑等同于 。 有人可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，有三個(gè)理論模型用于分析流量 G2 和流量 G1混流噴射的原理。一旦通過(guò)燃燒器便在漩渦這方面具有優(yōu)勢(shì)。 有人建議，氣體噴射距離可以作為參數(shù)確定氣體燃燒器通道中燃料與空氣的混合程度。（特別是某些揮發(fā)性的成分 Vdaf20%）。如果燃料進(jìn)給是在 火焰中進(jìn)行，最佳的進(jìn)給方式是將其進(jìn)給到漩渦中心區(qū)域附近，這種方式特別適用在高度密集爐設(shè)備中。另一方面，控制鍋爐的燃燒進(jìn)程很可能意味著在某種條件下發(fā)成實(shí)質(zhì)性改變，在這種條件下發(fā)生燃燒和傳熱，目的是大幅度擴(kuò)大負(fù)荷量，盡量減 少熱損失，減少爐渣的污染程度，減少排放的有害物質(zhì)，并且轉(zhuǎn)型成再燃物。在兩種情況下，技術(shù)精髓的采用必須通過(guò)類(lèi)似試驗(yàn)與計(jì)算研究的使用來(lái)證實(shí)。this allowed a shift to be made from running the furnace in a drybottom mode to a slagtap mode and vice versa. A bottomblast furnace scheme has received rather wide use in boilers equipped with different types of burners and mills. Boilers with steam capacities ranging from 50 to 1650 t/h with such an aerodynamic scheme of furnaces manufactured by ZiO and Sibenergomash have been installed at a few power stations in Russia and abroad . We have to point out that, so far as the efficiency of furnace process control is concerned, a bination of the following two aerodynamic schemes is of special interest: the inverted scheme and the bottomblast one. The flow pattern and a calculation analysis of the furnace process in such a furnace during the bustion of lean coal are presented in [13]. Below, two other techniques for controlling the furnace process are considered. Boilers with flame–stoker furnaces have gained acceptance in industrial power engineering, devices that can be regarded to certain degree as controllable ones owing to the presence of two zones in them . Very different kinds of fuel can be jointly busted in these furnaces rather easily. An example of calculating such a furnace device is given in [2]. As for boilers of larger capacity, work on developing controllable twozone furnaces is progressing slowly . The development of a furnace device using the socalled VIR technology (the transliterated abbreviation of the Russian introduction, innovation, and retrofitting) can be considered as holding promise in this respect. Those involved in bringing this technology to the state of industry standard encountered difficulties of an operational nature (the control of the process also presented certain difficulties). In our opinion, these difficulties are due to the fact that the distribution of fuel over fractions can be optimized to a limited extent and that the flow in the main furnace volume has a rather sluggish aerodynamic structure. It should also be noted that the device for firing the coarsest fractions of solid fuel in a spouting bed under the cold funnel is far from being technically perfect. Centrifugal dust concentrators have received acceptance for firing highreactive coals in schemes employing pulverizing fans to optimize the distribution of fuel as to its flowrate and fractions. The design of one such device is schematically shown in [9]. Figure shows a 大連交通大學(xué) 2020 屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯 7 distribution of fuel flowrates among four tiers of burners that is close to the optimum one. This distribution can be controlled if we furnish dust concentrators with a device with variable blades, a solution that has an adequate effect on the furnace process. 大連交通大學(xué) 2020 屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯 8 燃煤鍋爐的燃燒進(jìn)程控制 存在于火電廠的市場(chǎng)的燃料供應(yīng)，某些操作參數(shù)需要改變（或保留）的情況下 ，以及經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境方面 傾向的 要求使他們變得更加嚴(yán)格的不穩(wěn)定趨勢(shì)是導(dǎo)致使控制燃燒與傳熱過(guò)程爐設(shè)備非常緊迫的主要因素。 ,where is the number of burners (or air nozzles) on one wall when they are arranged in one tier both in onesided and opposite manners. The number of burners may be tentatively related to the furnace depth a f (at the same = idem) using the expression (5) It should be noted that the axes of two large opposite air nozzles ( = 1)—an arrangement implemented in an inverted furnace—had to be inclined downward by more than 50176。 (iii) the fineness to which the fuel is milled. The latter case implies that a flamebed method is used along with the flame method for busting bed bustion method can be implemented in three design versions: mechanical grates with a dense bed, fluidizedbed furnaces, and spoutedbed furnaces. As will be shown below, the first factor can be made to work by setting up bulky vortices t