【正文】
的建筑市場(chǎng)。表之間沒有明顯的分離象征記錄。 [5]名王室 , ,姓陳的特征點(diǎn)的聚類 [6]s . Chandran 表結(jié)構(gòu)分析識(shí)別數(shù)據(jù) ,屆空氣污染控制技術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集文件分析和識(shí)別 ,探討城市 ,Jap20 科學(xué)等 ,1993 年 22 頁(yè)。 [8]中華 . Shamilian,易加藤 retarge 木材 [9]應(yīng)用江 ,南卡羅來納州莊勝欽、蔡宗憲星期二的一種新的算法線的形象矢量、模式識(shí)別 31 日 (10)(1998)15411549。 [7]的基礎(chǔ)上 ,表結(jié)構(gòu)識(shí)別 文本鎖 安排和統(tǒng)治線的位置 ,交流合作會(huì)議文檔分析和識(shí)別大會(huì) ,探討科學(xué)城、日本、月 20 ~ 22 日 ,1993 年 ,頁(yè)。曹之疾病學(xué)組。 參考文獻(xiàn) [1] ,開 心的弗格森 ,智能形式處理 ,IBM公司系統(tǒng)期刊 29(3)(1990)435 450 [2],渡邊、蘇榮輝羅 :multikinds Sugie,中華民國(guó)模式分析和機(jī)器智能17(4)(1995)422445。本文就是以科學(xué)、快捷的確定 “合理成本價(jià) ”為研究的關(guān)鍵。工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)模式是一種與市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)相適應(yīng)的、允許承包單位自主報(bào)價(jià)、通過市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)確定價(jià)格、與國(guó)際慣例接軌的計(jì)價(jià)模式。這對(duì)規(guī)范建筑市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行 為和促進(jìn)工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)機(jī)制的創(chuàng)新發(fā)揮重要作用。本人在實(shí)習(xí)過程中曾參與過多個(gè)項(xiàng)目的招投標(biāo)工作,并完成過部分工程量清單的計(jì)算,結(jié)合畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)過程中的體會(huì),簡(jiǎn)要分析一下工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)模式下的招投標(biāo)工作。本著“政府宏觀調(diào)控、企業(yè)自主報(bào)價(jià)、市場(chǎng)形成價(jià)格 ”的原則,來推行實(shí)施工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)規(guī)范。因此本課題將結(jié)合本人所學(xué)及社會(huì)實(shí)踐,對(duì)目前的建設(shè)工程招投標(biāo)制度及現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行闡述,并針對(duì)建設(shè)工程招投標(biāo)存在的弊端與不正 當(dāng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為現(xiàn)象及產(chǎn)生原因進(jìn)行分析,最后做出相應(yīng)的防范對(duì)策研究。本工程招標(biāo)文件根據(jù)《中華人民 共和國(guó)招投標(biāo)法》規(guī)定,對(duì)投標(biāo)人,投標(biāo)企業(yè)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格把關(guān),對(duì)競(jìng)標(biāo)者提出了專業(yè)性的要求,對(duì)工程的概況進(jìn)行了說明。 目前在工程建設(shè)項(xiàng)目行業(yè)中,以工程招投標(biāo)為特征的建筑市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)形成,施工企業(yè)為創(chuàng)造良好經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,必須嚴(yán)格控制成本,加強(qiáng)成本控制管理,才能提高市場(chǎng)適應(yīng)能力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。 從另一個(gè)意義上來講,招標(biāo)文件也是法律文件,除了相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)外,在招標(biāo)的全過程中招標(biāo)人,投標(biāo)人,招標(biāo)代理機(jī)構(gòu)共同遵循的游戲規(guī)則就是招標(biāo)文件,這是參加招標(biāo)工作三方人士必須遵循的法律文件,具有法律效力,所以編制招標(biāo)文件的人員須有法律意識(shí)和素質(zhì),在招標(biāo)文件中體現(xiàn)出公平、公正、合法的要求。 投標(biāo)策略包括投標(biāo)策略和作價(jià)技巧。本文從降低成本、增加收入兩方面闡述對(duì)施工成本的有效控制。 construction project bidding and tendering process characteristics of human behavior is analyzed to reveal the bidder39。s Republic of China for bidders, bidding regulation, enterprise strictly, put forward to bidders professional requirements of project profile was illustrated. Nowadays in the engineering construction industry, the market which is characteristic for project bidding, has formed. The construction panies,which want to create good benefits, have to control their cost and improve management to enhance the capacity of adapting and peting in this market. This article focuses on how to decrease cost and increase ine so as to control the constructio n cost effectively. In building engineering bidding law enforcement and the practice of project construction supervision system on standardizing China39。 年月日等的填寫,用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字書寫,要符合《關(guān)于出版物上數(shù)字用法的試行規(guī)定》,如 “2021 年 2 月 28 日 ”。 外文翻譯譯文內(nèi)容應(yīng)與學(xué)生的專業(yè)或畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)內(nèi)容相關(guān),不得少于 3000印刷符號(hào)。 2802080127 指導(dǎo)教師 : 完成日期 : 2021 年 03 月 25 日 要 求 外文翻譯是畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 的主要內(nèi)容之一,必須學(xué)生獨(dú)立完成。按中文翻譯在上,外文原文在下的順序裝訂。s construction market, improve the construction quality and played an active role. But in the process of implementing exist some disadvantages, needs to perfect, enrich and improve. This project bidding documents in accordance with the bidding law of the People39。s macro regulation and control, enterprise autonomy offer, the market will price principle, to implement the implementation specification bill of quantity. Inventory Valuation bidding activities are based on market economy mechanism, based on legal, scientific, fair, open and reasonable way to determine the winning bidder of an economic activity. Bidding is bidding activities constitute two basic aspects. The bidding activity is merely that by bidding to choose the one with the work Construction process capability, moderate cost, quality is excellent, short duration of construction enterprises, and this is the ultimate goal tender. I have participated in internships over the course of the project bidding, and pleted over part of the calculation of quantities, bined with graduate experience in the design process, a brief analysis of the mode Quantities Call for Tender The meaning of risk and risk characteristics of the general construction, the lowest price sealed bidding construction method produces several risks and incentives, according to their characteristics discussed the feasibility of risk control and prevention. Comparison of engineering and engineering security risk man