土木工程外文翻譯-建筑結(jié)構(gòu)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 的一部分，因此受到剪應(yīng)力和線性壓應(yīng)力 的作用。 圖 （ c）為沿梁長度方向上部分梁的隔離體，給出了梁的內(nèi)力作用。該梁承受兩種力：自重以及梁端部和與梁相連碼在之間的相互作用力。 例如，圖 4. 1（ a）為一整體結(jié)構(gòu) —— 梁 — 柱剛性框架 —— 和框架研受外力(由箭頭表示 )。 般地 .建立數(shù)學(xué)模型先于實際結(jié)構(gòu) .甚至是先于試驗?zāi)Ｐ汀? （ 5）評定結(jié)構(gòu)是否能夠安全地承擔(dān)所需的結(jié)構(gòu)要求。 （ 3） 安全性指抵抗設(shè)計荷載的能力 。 絕大數(shù)的結(jié)構(gòu)是因需而生的 。( essentially a safety factor) to produce thejaclOred load. 2. Visualize the various structural responses and quantify the structure39。s safety against two limits: an acceptable maximum stress (called allowable working stress) and a tolerable extent of deformation (deflection. stretch. erc.). These limits refer to a structure39。s load responsehow it handles internal forces and stresses and significant deformations. 5. Evaluate whether the structure can safely handle the required structural tasks. Investigation may take several forms. You can ? Visualize graphically the structure39。 INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR Investigating how structures behave is an important part of structural design: it provides a basis for ensuring the adequacy and safety of a design, In this section I discuss structural investigation in general. As I do throughout this book. I focus on material relevant to structural design tasks. Purpose of Investigation Most structures exist because they are needed. Any evaluation of a structure thus must begin with an analysis of how effectively the structure meets the usage requirements. Designers must consider the following three factors: ? Functionality. or the general physical relationships of the structure39。s deformation limits. 4. Determine the structure39。s internal force actions. Operating on this free body arc its own weight and the actions of the beam segments on the opposite sides of the slicing planes. since it is these actions that hold the removed portion in place in the whole beam. Figure . a tiny segment. or particle. of the beam material is isolated, illustrating the interactions between this particle and those adjacent to it. This device helps designers visualize stress: in this case. due to its location in the beam. the particle is subjected to a bination of shear and linear pression stresses. An exaggerated profile of a loaddeformed structure helps establish the qualitative nature of the relationships between force actions and shape changes. Indeed. you can infer the form deformation from the type of force or stress. and vice versa. FIGURE Freebody dia
畢業(yè)設(shè)計相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號-1