危險性分析的原則及其在食品安全中的應(yīng)用(文件)
【正文】 38 FAO/WHO Activates in China ? Workshop on Microbiological Risk Assessment ? Sponsored by FAO/ ILSI /WHO/ MOH, May 1011, 2023 Beijing ? Quantitative Microbiological Risk Assessment Training Course (David Vose) ? Sponsored by WHO/INFS, May 1324, 2023 Beijing ? National Workshop on Introduction to Risk Analysis in the Fishery Industry ? Sponsored by FAO/INFOYU, Aug 1223, 2023 Shanghai 39 Risk analysis concluding summary ? Risk analysis and its ponents ? Provide a tool for managing risks ? 提供管理危險的工具 ? Internationally recognized approach ? 國際公認(rèn)的手段 ? Protect consumer health ? 保護(hù)消費(fèi)者健康 ? Food products could be accepted by international market ? 產(chǎn)品被國際市場所接受 40 ? 靜夜四無鄰，荒居舊業(yè)貧。 中國污染水平 /遠(yuǎn)東膳食結(jié)構(gòu) 攝入量 人群危險度 (ng/人 /天 ) (個肝癌 /年 /10萬人 ) 限量 20 181。 16 Risk management 危險性管理 4 Elements： ? Risk evaluation ? 危險性評價 ? Risk management options assessment ? 危險性管理選項(xiàng)評估 ? Implementation ? 執(zhí)行 ? Monitoring and review ? 監(jiān)測和回顧 17 Implementation 執(zhí)行 ? Can be done by both government officials and the food industry ? 可被政府官方和食品企業(yè)執(zhí)行 ? Implementation will take different forms depending what decisions have been taken ? 執(zhí)行將根據(jù)已定的決議采取不同形式 ? MRA may be useful in implementation ? information on product pathogen pathway ? in particular exposure assessment can be a valuable information source ? MRA在執(zhí)行中的作用 ? 病原菌產(chǎn)生的途徑 ? 特別是暴露評估可作為有價值的信息來源 18 Monitoring and Review 監(jiān)測與評議 ? Assess effectiveness of measures taken ? 評估所用方法的效率 ? provides more data ? 提供更多數(shù)據(jù) ? provides information need to review risk management decision and if needed risk assessment ? 提供信息，以便評議危險性管理決議及是否需要危險性評估 19 Risk Analysiswho uses it ? A tool for use primarily by governments 各國政府 ? protect consumer health 保護(hù)消費(fèi)者健康 ? maintain confidence in internationally traded food (market maintenance) harmonization, mutual recognition, equivalence 維持在國際食品貿(mào)易中的信心 一體、共識、平等 ? At international level 國際水平 ? WTO use risk assessment techniques developed by relevant international anizations 國際貿(mào)易中采用由相關(guān)國際組織建立的危險性評估技術(shù) ? used by standard setting bodies (Codex) 被國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指定團(tuán)體所采用 20 CAC 常遇到的問題 ? Different opinions on methods or outputs of assessment, eg., using “ As low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) ” for contaminants ? 對專家評價方法或結(jié)果有不同看法，如污染物達(dá)到盡可能低的水平 ? 黃曲霉毒素（總量、 B M1） ? When there is scientifically uncertainty ? 當(dāng)存在科學(xué)不確定性時 ? 食品中的單增李斯特菌（〈 100cfu/g） ? 氯丙醇 21 ? JECFA， Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives ? FAO/WHO聯(lián)合食品添加劑專家委員會 ? JMPR， Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues ? FAO/WHO聯(lián)合農(nóng)藥殘留專家委員會 ? JEMRA, Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Microbiological Risk Assessment ? FAO/WHO
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