【正文】 the problem solving process again Follow Up Problem Definition PoC Problem Description Locate Point of Cause Direct Cause Cause Cause Cause Why? Why? Why? Why? Why? Root Cause Countermeasure Grasp the Situation Cause Investigation Basic Cause /Effect Investigation 5 Why Investigation to Root Cause 5 Why Problem Solving, continued 25 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Issue: The QA inspection error rate too high Why is the QA inspection error rate so high? Why are measurement procedures part of the problem? Why are inconsistent procedures used? Why are wrong tools used? Why are the correct tools unavailable? ? Measurement procedures ? Environment issues ? Wrong procedures used ? No operational definition ? Inconsistent procedures ? Weak documentation ? Wrong tools ? Correct tools unavailable ? Poor location ? Misplaced ? Broken ? Long reorder time Root Cause for group focus Why 5 Why 4 Why 3 Why 2 Why 1 Cause 1 Why 3 Why 2 Why 1 Cause 2 Cause 3 Issue / Problem For further information regarding Problem Solving, refer to the Problem Solving Operating Guideline (OG 27) on the GMS website at 5 Why Problem Solving Tool 26 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!COMMWIP What is it? Definition of Waste: Any element of production, processing or distribution that adds no value to the final product。 however, if the group appears close to a consensus, do it with the full group 9. If the statement is revised outside the group, make sure a formal review is done by the entire group 22 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!15 Words Tool Project Definition Project Definition Project Definition Instructions: 1. Have each group member or small group write in 15 words or less the definition of the project, issue or problem statement using either large postit notes, a flip chart page, or an overhead transparency 2. Review each statement with the total group 3. As a group, identify the key terms/themes where agreement exists。 group members may not all be in agreement 4. Keeping the scope focused increases the chance of successful implementation 5. Go to the appropriate level of detail on each issue or idea that passes through the frame 6. Remember to get consensus on what is in and outofframe 12 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!In the Frame/Out of the Frame Tool Instructions: 1. Have the leader and group list all potential aspects/ponents (., end results, timeframe, product lines, geographic, anizations/groups involved) of the initiative using postit notes 2. As a total group, place each idea either intheframe, outsidetheframe, or ontheframe (if uncertainty or disagreement exists) 3. Discuss ―ontheframe‖ items in more detail to reach agreement 4. Review the group’s understanding of the scope with the appropriate leaders 13 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Fishbone What is it? Fishbone helps a group analyze causes of an issue or problem in a systematic way. Why use it? When group members are asked to determine the various causes for the problem/issue and remend solutions with action plans to address them, this tool is useful for detailing logical connections contributing to the larger problem/issue. It can also help the group prioritize the most likely causes and identify root causes. It categorizes and provides an open systems framework for discussing the problem. Steps: 1. Build the fishbone diagram on the wall using masking tape or draw on flip charts 2. Clarify and validate the problem with the group 3. Ask group members to identify things that are causing this problem through small group discussion or working in pairs 4. Collect their input and display the individual causes on the fishbone 5. Ask group members to cluster causes in ―related clusters‖ 6. Test for a logical connection with the problem and label each cluster 7. Select one cluster at a time to focus on for the next step of solution generation to eliminate these causes Tips: 1. Make sure that the causes are not symptoms 2. Take time to agree on the ―head of the fish,‖ the key issue 3. Ask ―why‖ five times to get to the root cause 4. Combine storyboarding with this tool 14 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Fishbone Tool Problem or Issue Possible Cause Possible Cause B Technical Human Possible Cause Possible Cause E Possible Cause B Possible Cause Possible Cause E Possible Cause E Possible Cause Wrong Procedures Used Inspectors Lack Skill Poor Training Training Materials Unskilled Instructors Measurement Procedures 70% Poor Location Weak Documentation Unavailable Wrong Tools Used Inconsistent Procedures Used Cleanliness Humidity Peers Pressures Management Don’t Understand Process Low Skill Cleanliness Uninterested Lack Knowledge 20% People Excess Temperature Vibrations 10% Environment No Criteria Exist No Operational Definitions 10% Errors on QA Inspections Topic: Why is the QA inspection error rate so high? 15 Workshop_Facilitaton_Tools Updated April 2023 GoFast!Circles of Control, Influence, Concern What is it? Circles of Control, Influence and Concern is a framework for groups to use to sort information. The goal is to use this tool to identify what the group has control and influence over so they spend their time working on things they can truly impact. Why use it? The power of this tool is to focus the group in arenas that they can impact. It is a visual that can facilitate great discussions. It is espec