【正文】 的小孩 . ?譯文： 應(yīng)該注意裝配時(shí)的方向。 2cylinder head。 ?2． The cylinder gasket?s function is to seal the area between them and prevent leakage of gas, oil and water. ?氣缸墊的作用就是密封缸蓋與缸體之間的區(qū)域，避免漏氣、漏油和漏水。 ?In order to make the aluminum stronger ,a steel liner often placed in the block. ?3．直列式是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中最簡單的一種排列方式。t cut into the story. ? 不要 打斷 故事。 ?He will serve as mayor． ?他將 任 市長一職。 II. Text Explanation ? avoid vt. 避免 [(n./+ving)] ? They all avoided mentioning that name. 他們都 避免 提及那名字。 ?3． Shank of the connecting rod is provided with an Icross section to give the rod maximum rigidity with the minimum of weight. ?為了使連桿得到最大的剛度和最小的重量，連桿桿身部分加工為工形結(jié)構(gòu)。 ? A piston pin fits into a round hole in the piston. The piston pin joins the piston to the connecting rod. The thick part of the piston that holds the piston pin is the pin boss. ?2．活塞銷貫穿活塞，把連桿小頭與活塞連在一起，并將連桿保持在活塞中心的適當(dāng)位置處。 ?Periodic [,pi?ri39。?:?i?] n. ?1. 慣性 。遲鈍 。 ?They are ill provided with food. ?他們的食品不足。 II. Text Explanation ?The rod journals are hollow in order to reduce the crankshaft inertia. ?The rod journals 連桿軸頸 ?譯文： 為了減少曲軸的慣性，連桿軸頸是中空的。 III. Exercises ?II. Translate the following sentences into English. ?1．曲軸的作用是把往復(fù)動(dòng)力變?yōu)樾D(zhuǎn)動(dòng)力。 ?The flywheel can carry the clutch, which transmits the drive to the gearbox. III. Exercises ?The main bearings are designed as twopi。它安裝在曲軸的后面。 ?2． The crankshaft is either fed from high quality steel or cast in highstrong iron. ?曲軸或者是用高質(zhì)量的鋼整體鑄造而成，或者是用高強(qiáng)度的鐵鑄成。 ?She sings as well as playing the piano. ?她不但會(huì)彈鋼琴，而且會(huì)唱歌。 II. Text Explanation ?In order to reduce or eliminate such vibration, it must be provided with counter balanced weights that extend radically from the crankshaft centerline in the opposite direction of the crank arms. ?譯文： 為了減少或消除振動(dòng)，它必須裝有平衡重，而且平衡重應(yīng)徑向地從曲軸中心線向曲柄相對(duì)的方向延伸安裝。惰性 Inertia carried the train past the station. 慣性 使火車駛過了車站。定期的 ?時(shí)而發(fā)生的 。底下的一道防止機(jī)油飛濺到缸筒從而竄入燃燒室的環(huán)叫做油環(huán)。活塞銷把活塞和連桿連接起來。 ? the radiator n. 散熱器 ? misplace [mis?pleis] vt. 放錯(cuò)地方 II. Text Explanation ? Translate the following expressions into Chinese. ? piston ring ? piston pin ? connecting rod ? expansion force ? cylinder wall ? in the bottom of the grooves ? pass the reciprocating power of the piston ? connecting rod small end ? connecting rod cap ? connecting rod bearing half shells III. Exercises ?活塞環(huán) ?活塞銷 ?連桿 ?膨脹力 ?汽缸壁 ?在槽的底部 ?傳遞活塞的往復(fù)動(dòng)力 ?連桿小頭 ?連桿蓋 ?連桿軸瓦 pression rings oil rings piston pin piston connecting rod connecting rod bolt crank bearing half shell connecting rod cap III. Exercises ?Piston rings are of two basic types, that is, pression rings and oilcontrol rings. They perform important functions as follows: the upper pression rings must maintain an effective seal against bustion gases leaking past the pistons into the crankcase . The lower oilcontrol rings serve to control and effectively distribute the lubricating oil thrown on to the cylinder walls, consistent with maintaining good lubrication and an acceptable oil consumption . These rings also provide a means by which surplus heat is transmitted from the piston to the cylinder wall and then to the cooling jacket. III. Exercises ?I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. ?1． The piston converts the potential energy of the fuel into kiic energy that turns the crankshaft. ?活塞將燃料燃燒的能量轉(zhuǎn)換成驅(qū)動(dòng)曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)的動(dòng)能。 II. Text Explanation ?a great variety of ? ,各種 ,多種多樣的 ?We will appeal to a great variety of sources of information. ?我們將求助于 多種 資料來源。 ?The other house got old and shabby, and that cut into the value. ?周圍的房子都破舊不堪 , 這使得他房子的價(jià)值 降低 了。 II. Text Explanation ?In some application, a narrow groove is cut into the piston above the top ring to serve as a “heat dam” to reduce the amount of heat reaching the top ring. ?groove [gr??v ] n. 凹槽 ?heat dam 隔熱槽 ?譯文： 在有些結(jié)構(gòu)中，為了減少傳到頂部活塞環(huán)的熱量，在活塞環(huán)的上部切割出一個(gè)很窄的環(huán)槽，叫做“隔熱槽”。 III. Exercises ?II. Translate the following sentences into English. ?1．氣缸墊安裝時(shí)，要注意它的方向性。 4cylinder block。 II. Text Explanation ? warp [w?:p] ? n. 彎曲 , 歪曲 vt. 弄歪 , 使翹曲 , 變歪 ? added to ? incresed（本身）增加 ? added to(別人，別的東西 )增加 ? 譯文： 為了使鋁制材料強(qiáng)度更高，盡可能的減少彎曲變形，可加入一定的金屬材料或者在缸體內(nèi)鑲鋼缸套。 He is concerned for her safety. 他擔(dān)心她的安全。 The news concerns your brother. 這消息與你兄弟有關(guān)。 ?Allow me to introduce myself. ?請(qǐng) 允許 我自我介紹一下。 ?The crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism mainly consists of the engine crankcase and cylinder block, the piston and connecting rod, the crankshaft and flywheel. III. Exercises II. Translate the following sentences into English. ?3．水泵工作時(shí)，可以將冷卻液在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)水套中和散熱器之間來回流動(dòng)。 II. Text Explanation ?Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder. ? linear [? lini?] adj. 線的 , 直線的 , 線 性的 ? piston [? pist?n] II. Text Explanation ?The piston attached to the top of a connecting rod by a pin, called a piston pin or wrist pin. ? attach to v. 連接 ?connecting rod 連桿 ? piston pin = wrist pin 活塞銷 II. Text Explanation ?The connecting rod transmits the upanddown motion of the piston to the crankshaft, which changes it into rotary motion. ?transmit…to … 把 … 傳到 … ?which changes it into rotary motion 定語從句 II. Text Explanation ? diesel engines ? water pump ? the ignition distributor ? oil pan ? timing gear ? crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism ? valve gear ? fuel system ? exhaust pipe ? exhaust manifold III. Exercises ?Translate the following expressions into Chinese. ?柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī) ?水泵 ?分電器 ?油底殼 ?正時(shí)齒輪 ?曲柄連桿機(jī)構(gòu) ?配氣機(jī)構(gòu) ?燃油系統(tǒng)