【正文】 Cylinder Block and Cylinder Head Contents I. Prequestions II. Text Explanation III. Exercises Engine Body crankcase cylinder block cylinder head cylinder oil passage and water passage oil pan The cylinder gasket ?What is the engine block prised of? ?the cylinder section and the crankcase section I. Prequestions the cylinder crankcase I. Prequestions ?How many types has the engine arrangement, what are they? Inline Vtype Horizontally opposed type ?What?s the function and the material of the cylinder head? ?Function： Seal the top the cylinder and form the bustion chamber with the piston and the cylinder ?Material: grey iron or alloy iron aluminum I. Prequestions cylinder gasket cylinder head cylinder cover pad to fit spark plug I. Prequestions ?What types of the bustion chambers are there? I. Prequestions wedgeshaped basinshaped hemispherical ?The engine block is the main supporting structure to which all other parts are attached directly or indirectly. ?attached [?? t? t?t] vt 附上 ...的 ?directly adv. 直接地 ?Indirectly adv. 間接地 ?譯文：氣缸體是主要的支承部件，它可以將其它部件直接或間接的裝配在上面。 III. Exercises ?3． The valve gear provides timely admission of the fresh charge into the cylinders and exhaust of spent gases from them. ?配氣機(jī)構(gòu)機(jī)構(gòu)可定時(shí)的將新鮮氣體充入氣缸，并且將廢氣排放出去。 II. Text Explanation ?Convert…..into…. ?① 轉(zhuǎn)變；變換 ?That building has been converted into a school. ?那座樓房改成學(xué)校了。 ? The transmission system consists of clutch, gearbox, propeller shaft, rear axle ,differential and the driving road wheels.。 ?The electric system supplies lighting and driving power for the automobile. ?電氣系統(tǒng)可為汽車提供照明和驅(qū)動(dòng)的電力。 3gearbox。 ?turn out ?A vast crowd turned out to watch the match. ?大群的觀眾到場觀看比賽。 II. Text Explanation ?Convert …..into….. ?They converted the garage into a theater. 他們將車庫改成戲院。 II. Text Explanation ?In other words ?In other words, they remain relatively constant or static. 換句話說，它們相對的穩(wěn)定、靜止。 ? In other words, we have adhered to scientific socialism. 也就是說，我們堅(jiān)持了科學(xué)社會(huì)主義。 ?convert water into ice. ?將水變成冰 ?converting feet into meters. ?將英尺換算成公尺 II. Text Explanation ? Brake system is a balanced set of mechanical and hydraulic devices used to retard the motion of the vehicle by means of friction. ? Hydraulic [hai?dr??lik] adj. 液壓的 , 水力的 ? Retard [ri?t??d] vt. 延遲 , 使減速 ,阻礙 ? Friction [ ?frik??n] , 摩擦力 ? 譯文： 制動(dòng)系統(tǒng)是一套平衡的機(jī)械和液壓設(shè)備，它可通過摩擦來阻止車輛的運(yùn)動(dòng)。 ?If the day turns out wet we may have to change our plans. ?萬一下雨的話，我們也許得改變計(jì)劃。 4propeller shaft。 ?The body styling provides an attractive, colorful, modern appearance for the vehicle. ?車身的式樣為汽車提供了誘人的，多彩的，現(xiàn)代的外觀形象。 III. Exercises II. Translate the following sentences into English. ?氣門機(jī)構(gòu)的作用是及時(shí)地吸入新鮮的混合氣和排出廢氣 ?The valve gear provides timely admission of the fresh charge into the cylinders and exhaust of spent gases from them. III. Exercises Specialized English for Automobile Specialized English for Automobile Unit 21 Main Components of Engine Contents Ⅰ ． Prequestions II. Text Explanation III. Exercises I. Prequestions The heart of automobile ?What impression of the engine? plicated power I. Prequestions ?What are there types of the engine? ?electric motors, steam engines, and internal bustion engines ?What?s the internal bustion engine? ?burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the bustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. I. Prequestions Singlecylinder engine cylinder piston Piston pin Connecting rod crankshaft Oil pipe Intake valve Exhaust valve Timing gear Oil pump ?what is the power source of automobile and how to produce? piston piston pin connecting rod crankshaft Engine Power is produced by the linear motion of a piston in a cylinder. The connecting rod transmits the upanddown motion of the piston to the crankshaft, which changes it into rotary motion. I. Prequestions ?The engine prises two mechanism and five systems, what are they ? ?crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism, ?valve gear, ?cooling system, ?lubricating system, ?fuel system, ?starting system, ?ignition system I. Prequestions connecting rod flywheel crankshaft piston intake valve exhaust valve push rod tappet timing gears ■ Valve gear ■ Connecting rod Engine cooling system Engine lubricating system Fuel supply system Valve gear ?What?s the function of the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism? ? Its function is to convert heat energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicles. I. Prequestions ?The internal bustion engine, as its name indicates, burns fuel within the cylinders and converts the expanding force of the bustion into rotary force used to propel the vehicle. ?譯文： 內(nèi)燃機(jī)， 顧名思義 ，就是燃料在氣缸內(nèi)部燃燒，并且把燃燒時(shí)的膨脹力轉(zhuǎn)化為驅(qū)動(dòng)車輛的旋轉(zhuǎn)力。 ?②兌換 ?I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars. ?我想把一些港元換成美元。 III. Exercises ?1．發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)主要有兩大機(jī)構(gòu)五大系統(tǒng)組成。 II. Text Explanation 反義詞 ? The surfaces are machined to allow the pistons to move with minimum wear and friction. ? allow vt 允許，承認(rèn) ? allow sb. to do sth. ? allow doing sth. ? Friction [?frik??n] n. 摩擦 , 摩擦力 ? 譯文： 加工出的表面允許活塞在最小磨損和摩擦力下運(yùn)動(dòng)。 II. Text Explanation ?Concern vt. ?1. (不用被動(dòng)語態(tài) )關(guān)于 ?2. 涉及 ,關(guān)系到 。使不安 (+about/for) ?The boy39。 II. Text Explanation ?It should be paid attention to the direction when fixing. ?to是介詞 ,所以后面接名詞以及動(dòng)名詞 . ?pay attention to sth. / doing sth. ?Please pay attention to taking care of your baby. ?請注意照顧好你