【正文】
—冶金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)液壓缸;HG1 ——雙作用活塞桿的第一種類型;E ——壓力級(jí)代號(hào),此處表壓力為16MP;63 ——缸徑,用ΦA(chǔ)L表示,單位為mm;200——行程,用ΦMM表示,單位為mm;L ——油口連接代號(hào),L表示螺紋連接;E1 ——安裝方式代號(hào),E1表示尾部單耳環(huán);H ——附加裝置代號(hào),H表示帶緩沖;L1 ——活塞桿端結(jié)構(gòu)代號(hào),L1表示為外螺紋;O ——介質(zhì)代號(hào),O表示為液壓油。壓緊缸在下行過程之中,速度為45mm/s,此時(shí)壓緊缸只需要平衡活動(dòng)梁與壓緊塊的重力。則壓緊缸在各工作階段的總機(jī)械負(fù)載可以算出,見表2:表2 壓緊缸各運(yùn)動(dòng)階段負(fù)載表 運(yùn)動(dòng)階段 計(jì)算公式 總的機(jī)械負(fù)載 下行 F=G 1039N 保壓 F=F 拉回 F=G 1039N而折彎缸在工作過程之中,折彎力始終垂直于零件的下表面,而方向又是不斷的變化,則折彎缸在工作過程之中,總的機(jī)械負(fù)載是一個(gè)變量,折彎?rùn)C(jī)構(gòu)在起始位置時(shí),折彎缸需要提供的推力最大,因此可假設(shè)折彎缸在工進(jìn)過程中的推力均為該值,即P=。根據(jù)液壓缸在各階段的速度以及液壓缸的有效面積,可以算出液壓缸在各階段的壓力、流量和功率,其計(jì)算公式和計(jì)算結(jié)果列于表4中。再折彎?rùn)C(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)中,采用兩個(gè)三位四通的電磁換向閥來控制兩回路的循環(huán)動(dòng)作。額定流量根據(jù)各閥通過的流量,確定為16L/min,25L/min,40L/imn三種型號(hào)。油箱的容積一般取液壓泵額定流量的57倍,本設(shè)計(jì)中去7倍,故油箱的容積為:對(duì)于壓緊缸,在壓緊過程中,在達(dá)到該壓力后,油泵將停止對(duì)壓緊缸供油,則此時(shí)在壓緊缸回路上的壓力損失為0,則可將溢流閥2的壓力定為:則將溢流閥2的壓力調(diào)為6MP。由系統(tǒng)圖可知,從泵到液壓缸之間串聯(lián)有一個(gè)單向閥和換向閥,取。kW=驗(yàn)算其他工況時(shí),液壓的驅(qū)動(dòng)功率均小于或近于此值。第5章 典型零件的加工工藝編寫工藝卡就是要確定該零件的加工工藝路線,在制定工藝路線時(shí)主要應(yīng)考慮的問題有:怎樣選擇定位基準(zhǔn);怎樣確定加工方案;怎樣安排加工順序以及熱處理、檢驗(yàn)等其他工序零件上的全部加工表面應(yīng)安排在一個(gè)合理的加工工序中加工,這對(duì)保證零件質(zhì)量、提高生產(chǎn)效率、降低生產(chǎn)成本都至關(guān)重要。3. 為了改善材料的力學(xué)物理性質(zhì),半精加工之后,精加工之前長(zhǎng)安排等熱處理工序。本次設(shè)計(jì)的折彎?rùn)C(jī)為三梁二柱式的非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)備,它有兩根導(dǎo)柱,導(dǎo)柱的兩端通過過渡配合分別與上下梁相連,而在兩梁之間,裝有導(dǎo)向套的活動(dòng)梁在上面上下移動(dòng),且導(dǎo)柱與導(dǎo)向套之間為間隙配合,則要求導(dǎo)柱上面該段的表面粗糙度應(yīng)為 ,同時(shí)在導(dǎo)柱與上下梁配合的地方,要求用來連接并固定上下梁,則在導(dǎo)柱與上下梁相接觸的地方,為使導(dǎo)柱垂直于上下梁,應(yīng)使導(dǎo)柱上的該兩平面的粗糙度為 ,而對(duì)于其他表面的粗糙度達(dá)到 就能滿足要求。查《機(jī)械制造工藝學(xué)》可得,加工的總余量為個(gè)加工余量之和,可求得總加工余量為6mm。,從B面開始粗車。,從A面繼續(xù)半精車該段 與面D,,。,粗磨面C、D、E、F和G,其余面均加工成最終所需要的尺寸。對(duì)于壓緊塊來說,只需要加工與活動(dòng)梁和零件相接觸的面,使其粗糙度達(dá)到,而對(duì)于其它面粗糙度只需達(dá)到。,壓住零件的部分僅為靠為側(cè)的三邊,中間部分由銑床銑成一長(zhǎng)為490mm,寬為282mm,該過程用粗銑就可完成。,將壓緊塊與零件相接觸的直角邊都加工成半徑為3mm的圓弧。 本章小結(jié)本章為折彎?rùn)C(jī)為三梁二柱式的非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)備,它有兩根導(dǎo)柱,導(dǎo)柱的兩端通過過渡配合分別與上下梁相連,而在兩梁之間,裝有導(dǎo)向套的活動(dòng)梁在上面上下移動(dòng),且導(dǎo)柱與導(dǎo)向套之間為間隙配合,則要求導(dǎo)柱上面該段的表面粗糙度應(yīng)為 ,同時(shí)在導(dǎo)柱與上下梁配合的地方,要求用來連接并固定上下梁,則在導(dǎo)柱與上下梁相接觸的地方,為使導(dǎo)柱垂直于上下梁,應(yīng)使導(dǎo)柱上的該兩平面的粗糙度為 ,而對(duì)于其他表面的粗糙度達(dá)到 就能滿足要求。采用這種回路的主要作用就是防止液壓缸中的活塞桿停止運(yùn)動(dòng)后,在外力或自重作用下突然下滑造成事故。 本文所設(shè)計(jì)的不足之外主要是尺寸方面存在著差異,由于圖書館中的資料提供的數(shù)據(jù)都是相近的,而且都存在一定的范圍,而所要設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)超出了這個(gè)范圍,這就導(dǎo)致所計(jì)算的一部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)源自于自己的估算,從而影響到折彎?rùn)C(jī)的總體尺寸設(shè)計(jì)?;叵胝撐膶懽鞯娜杖找挂梗闹谐錆M了無限的感激之情。s final use, the known machine possibly occurs consider carefully first buys anything. workpiece The first one is worth considering important item is your production parts, the main point is buying a can finish machining task and workbench shortest, the minimum number of machines. Consider carefully material and the largest machining grades thickness and length. If a majority of work is thickness gauge, maximum length 16 10 inches of low carbon steel, so free bending force not greater than 50 tons. However, if engaged in a lot of bottom of forming, may be considered a 150 tonnage of machine tools. Ok, assuming the thickest material is 1/4 inch, 10 feet free bending need 165 tons, bottom bending (adjusted bending) will need at least 600 tons. If a majority of workpiece is 5 feet or shorter, number almost halve, which will greatly reduce the acquisition cost. Parts to determine the length of new machines specification is quite important. Flinch change In the same load, 10 feet machine table and the slider appear nao variable is 5 feet machine 4 times. This means that shorter machines need less gaskets adjustment, can produce qualified parts. Reduce gaskets adjusting preparation time shortened again. Materials brand is also a key factor. Compared with low carbon steel, stainless steel need load usually adds about 50 percent, while most of the brand of soft aluminum reduce 50%. You can always from bending machine manufacturers get machine tons, this table shows in decimal different thickness and different materials under each foot length required number estimation. Parts of the bending radius Using free warped, bending radius is concave die from the mouth times. In a free bending process, openings from should be metal material thickness of eight times. For example, using 1/2 inch opening from forming 16 gauge, lowcarbon steel parts bending radius about inches. If the bending radius nearly small to material thickness shall be bottom of forming. However, a bottom concave die forming equal pressure than free bending big 4 times the left and right sides. If less than bending radius material thickness, should be used in frontend fillet radius of less than material thickness of the punch, and turn to embossing bending method. So, need 10 times in liberty bending stress. Free bends, convex molding and according to 85 176。, bending radius equal distance of openings times. For a bottom bend, mould Angle general for 86 ~ 90 176。 deviation. In addition, CNC bending machine for quick pack mould ready, when you require bending many small batch spare parts, it is one of the unquestionable consider reason. mould Even though you have full shelf, do not assume that these mould moulds suitable for bought a new machine. Must be checked every one mold to wear, the method is to measure the punch frontend to Taiwan shoulder length and Taiwan shoulder length between. For general mold, each feet deviation should be in hospital inches, and total length deviation is not more than + inches. As for jingmo mould, each feet accuracy should be + inches, must not be more than the total precision CNC inches. The best jingmo mould in CNC bending machine, the conventional mould used to manually bending machine. Bending parts of side Hypothesis along one 5 x 10 feet of 1090 176。 it is this factors, decision you need to consider a CNC bending machine or manual control bending machine. If bending accuracy + 1 176。 processing (smaller as well). Using this group of mould, notice the punch and concave die in stroke at the bottom of the gap, and cover springback and make the materials about 90 176。而且對(duì)我設(shè)計(jì)中的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行細(xì)心的指出和修改,耐心的為我講解工作原理,在百忙之中修改我的設(shè)計(jì)初稿,在這里再次的感謝您!同時(shí),我要感謝我的同學(xué)和朋友,他們對(duì)我的設(shè)計(jì)提出了相當(dāng)好的建議,使我得以順利的完成論文,尤其在最后的關(guān)頭也是最困難的時(shí)候給了我莫大的鼓勵(lì),在此我向他們表示感謝。參考文獻(xiàn)[1]黨根茂,駱志斌,李集仁. 模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造[M]. 西安:西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社,2006[2]隗金文,[M]. 沈陽(yáng):東北大學(xué)出版社,2006.[3]徐進(jìn),陳再枝. 模具材料應(yīng)用手冊(cè)[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2007.[4]徐發(fā)越. 實(shí)用模具設(shè)計(jì)與制造手冊(cè)[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2006.[5]王孝培. 實(shí)用沖壓技術(shù)手冊(cè)[M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2007.[6]李壯云,葛宜遠(yuǎn). 液壓元件與系統(tǒng)[M]. 北京:.[7][M]. 北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,2