【正文】 /運(yùn)動(dòng)合成步驟） 10. input angular velocity（輸入角速度） 11. input angular acceleration（輸入角加速度） 12. automatic packaging machinery（自動(dòng)包裝機(jī)） 13. camcontour dimensions/camfollower diameters（凸輪輪廓尺寸 /凸輪從動(dòng)件直徑） 14. mechanical analog puter（機(jī)構(gòu)模擬計(jì)算機(jī)） 15. deadcenter position（死點(diǎn)位置） 16. crankrocker linkage/doublerocker linkage/doublecrank (draglink) linkage（曲柄搖桿機(jī)構(gòu) /雙搖桿機(jī)構(gòu) /雙曲柄機(jī)構(gòu)） 17. maximum force ponent/ resulting output force or torque（最大的力量組成 /輸出的最大力或力矩） 18. output motion variables/input motion variable（輸出運(yùn)動(dòng)變量 /輸入運(yùn)動(dòng)變量） 19. absolute angular positions（絕對(duì)角位置） 20. velocity polygon method（速度的多邊形的方法） 21. instantaneous center method/instant center method（瞬心法 /即時(shí)瞬心法） 22. inertiaforce analysis of mechanisms and machines（機(jī)構(gòu)和機(jī)器的慣性力分析） 23. one and the same coordinate system /inertia frame of reference（慣性參考系） 24. systematic design of mechanisms（機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì) 的系統(tǒng) ） 25. camcontour dimensions/camfollower diameters（凸輪輪廓尺寸 /凸輪從動(dòng)件直徑） 26. disk or plate translating (twodimensional or planar) 盤形傳動(dòng)凸輪（兩維的，即平面的） 27. cylindrical (threedimensional or spatial) cams 圓柱形凸輪（三維的，即空間的）機(jī)構(gòu) 28. a radial (inline) translating roller follower 一個(gè)對(duì)心直動(dòng)滾子從動(dòng)件 29. a constant angular velocity ratio 旋轉(zhuǎn)角速度的比例 30. a constant torque ratio 一個(gè)恒轉(zhuǎn)矩比 31. Nonlinear angular velocity ratios 非線性角速度比率 32. the parallel helical gear 平行斜齒輪 33. the crossed helical gear 交叉斜齒輪 34. the straight bevel gear 直錐齒輪 35. the spiral bevel gear 弧齒錐齒輪 36. the skew bevel gear 大角度斜交錐齒輪 37. the hexagon head screws 六角頭螺釘 38. the fillister head screws 槽頭螺釘 39. the flat head screws 平頭螺釘 40. the hexagon socket head screws 內(nèi)六角沉頭螺釘。 ) 3. The process of drawing kinematic diagrams and determining degrees of freedom of mechanisms are the first steps in both the kinematic analysis and synthesis process.（ 畫運(yùn)動(dòng)圖和確定機(jī)構(gòu)自由度的過程，就是運(yùn)動(dòng)分析和綜合過程的第一個(gè)階段。） 1． Although a cam and follower may be designed for motion, path, or function generation, the majority of applications utilize the cam and follower for function generation. 雖然可以把凸輪和它的從動(dòng)件設(shè)計(jì)為用于運(yùn)動(dòng)變換，路徑變換或者函數(shù)變換，但大多數(shù)用途是利用凸輪和它的從動(dòng)件做函數(shù)變換。 5. Although there are many tooth shapes possible in which a mating tooth could be designed to satisfy the fundamental law, only two are in general use: the cycloidal and involute profiles. 雖然可以設(shè)計(jì)出有很多 齒廓來滿足傳動(dòng)裝置的基本定律，但通常所使用的只有兩種：即擺線齒廓和漸開線齒廓。 9. The problem of the specialist in mechanical design is not how to design a rolling bearing but, rather, how to select one. 在機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)中，專家所面臨的問題，不是如何設(shè)計(jì)軸承，而是如何挑選軸承。 16. Chemical milling is controlled etching process using strong alkaline or acid etchants. Aluminum, titanium, magnesium, and steel are the principal metals processed by this method. 化學(xué)蝕刻，通過使用強(qiáng)堿或強(qiáng)酸蝕刻劑來控制蝕刻過程，鋁，鈦，鎂和鋼是用這種方法處理的主要金屬。 20. Finishing, for which the metal removal rate, and consequently the cutting force, is low, but the required dimensional accuracy and surface finish relatively high. 精加工，通常金屬切削率和切削力低，但所要求的尺寸精度和表面光潔度相對(duì)高。 24. The ultrasonic machining process is applied to both conducting and nonconducting material, and relies entirely upon abrasive action for metal removal. 超聲波加工工藝既應(yīng)用于導(dǎo)體材料，也用于非導(dǎo)體材料，并且完全依賴于磨損作用進(jìn)行金屬切削。 ） 2. A mechanism or linkage is a constrained kinematic chain, and is a mechanical device that has the purpose of transferring motion and/or force from a source to an output. A linkage consists of links (or bars), generally considered rigid, which are connected by joints, such as pin (or revolute) or prismatic joints, to form open or closed chains (or loops). Such kinematic chains, with at least one link fixed, bee (1) mechanisms if at least two other links remain mobility, or (2) structures if no mobility remains. In other words, a mechanism permits relative motion between its rigid links。換句話說，機(jī)構(gòu)是允許其 “ 剛性構(gòu)件 ” 之間相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，而結(jié)構(gòu)則不能。s criteria states that the sum of the shortest and longest links of a planar fourbar linkage cannot be greater than the sum of the remaining two links if there is to be continuous relative rotation between any two links.（ 四桿機(jī)構(gòu) 可具有一種稱作曲柄搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)的形式，一種雙搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)，一種雙曲柄（拉桿）機(jī)構(gòu)，致于稱作哪一種形式的機(jī)構(gòu)，取決于跟機(jī)架（固定構(gòu)件）相連接的兩桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)范圍。其輸入和輸出都可以作整周轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)或者轉(zhuǎn)換成稱作反平行四邊形機(jī)構(gòu)的交叉結(jié)構(gòu)。哈登伯格（ Hartenberg）說到： “ 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) ” 是一個(gè)術(shù)語，其意義是傳給輸出構(gòu)件的運(yùn)動(dòng)的有效性。在機(jī)構(gòu)運(yùn) 動(dòng)期間，傳動(dòng)角的值在改變。事實(shí)上，由于運(yùn)動(dòng)副摩擦的影響，一般根據(jù)實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)，用比規(guī)定值大的傳動(dòng)角去設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)構(gòu)。典型的機(jī)構(gòu)要設(shè)計(jì)成使剛性構(gòu)件相對(duì)基準(zhǔn)構(gòu)件產(chǎn)生所希望的運(yùn)動(dòng)。這個(gè)定義的第一部分就涉及運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析。定義的第二部分可用以下兩方面來解釋： ） (1) The study of methods of creating a given motion by means of mechanisms (2) The study of methods of creating mechanisms having a given motion. In either version, the motion is given and the mechanism is to be found. This is the essence of kinematic synthesis. Thus kinematic synthesis deals with the systematic design of mechanisms for a given performance. The area of synthesis may be grouped into two categories. 1．研究借助機(jī)構(gòu)來產(chǎn)生給定運(yùn)動(dòng)的方法 2．研究建造能產(chǎn)生給定運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)的方法 在兩個(gè)方案中，運(yùn)動(dòng)是給定的而機(jī)構(gòu)是創(chuàng)建的。規(guī)定所要求的性能，怎樣一種類型的機(jī)構(gòu)才是合適的？（齒輪系，連桿機(jī)構(gòu)？還是凸輪機(jī)構(gòu)？）而機(jī)構(gòu) 應(yīng)具有多少構(gòu)件？需要多少個(gè)自由度？怎樣的輪廓結(jié)構(gòu)才是所希望的？等等。尺寸綜合試圖確定機(jī)構(gòu)的重要尺寸和起動(dòng)位置，該機(jī)構(gòu)是為著實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)定的任務(wù)和預(yù)期的性能而事先設(shè)想的。恒定角速比應(yīng)用中必定是軸向傳動(dòng)。 機(jī)械制造專業(yè)英語縮寫 AC=alternative current 交流 AGV=Automated Guided Vehicle 自動(dòng)導(dǎo)引小車 AGVS= Automated Guided Vehicle System 自動(dòng)導(dǎo)引小車系統(tǒng) AMT=advanced manufacturing technology 先進(jìn)制造技術(shù) ANSI=American National Standards Institute 美國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)會(huì) APT=Automatically Programmed Tools 自動(dòng)數(shù) 控程序 BOM=Bill of Material 物料清單 CAA=Computer Aided Analysis Process 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助分析過程 CAD=ComputerAided Design 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì) CADD=ComputerAided Design Drafting 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)制圖 CAE=puter aided engineering 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助工程 CAM=ComputerAided Manufacturing 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造 CAIT=puter aided testing and inspection 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助實(shí)驗(yàn)與檢測 CAPP=Computer Aided Process Planning 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助工藝設(shè)計(jì) CHP=chemical Polishing 化學(xué)拋光 CIM=Computer integrated manufacturing 計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造 CBN=Cubic Boron Nitride 立方氮化硼 CMM=Coordinate Measuring Machine 三坐標(biāo)測量機(jī) CNC=puter numerical control 電腦數(shù)字控制 DC=direct current 直流 DNC=Direct Numerical Control 直接數(shù)字控制 DOF=degrees of freedom 自由度 DXF=data exchange format 數(shù)據(jù)交換格式 ECM=Electrochemical