【正文】 的基本規(guī)律：為了一對(duì)齒能傳遞恒定角速比，他們接觸齒廓的形狀必須是要這樣：公法線通過(guò)兩齒輪中心連線 上的固定點(diǎn)。s 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party39。 the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems。多數(shù)應(yīng)用中都以恒定角速比（或常定扭矩比）而存在。運(yùn)動(dòng)綜合方面又可歸結(jié)為以下兩類 (1) Type synthesis. Given the required performance, what type of mechanism will be suitable? (Gear trains? Linkages? Cam mechanisms?) Also, how many links should the mechanism have? How many degrees of freedom are required? What configuration is desirable? And so on. Deliberations involving the number of links and degrees of freedom are often referred to as the province of a subcategory of type synthesis called number synthesis. (2) Dimensional synthesis. The second major category of kinematic synthesis is best defined by way of its objective : Dimensional synthesis seeks to determine the significant dimensions and the starting position of a mechanism of preconceived type for a specified task and prescribed performance. 1．類型綜合。 ） 6. A kinematician defined kinematics as the study of the motion of mechanisms and methods of creating them. The first part of this definition deals with kinematic analysis. Given a certain mechanism, the motion characteristics of its ponents will be determined by kinematic analysis. The statement of the tasks of analysis contains all principal dimensions of the mechanism, the interconnections of its links, and the specification of the input motion or method of actuation. The objective is to find the displacements, velocities, accelerations, shock or jerk (second acceleration), and perhaps higher accelerations of the various members, as well as the paths described and motions performed by certain elements. In short, in kinematic analysis we determine the performance of a given mechanism. The second part of definition may be paraphrased in two ways: （ 運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)家把運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)定義為 “研究機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)動(dòng)和創(chuàng)建機(jī)構(gòu)的方法 ”。在此特殊位置上輸出桿將不運(yùn)動(dòng)而與施加到輸入桿上的力多大無(wú)關(guān)。 it implies smooth operation, in which a maximum force ponent is available to produce a force or torque in an output member. Although the resulting output force or torque is not only a function of the geometry of the linkage, but is generally the result of dynamic or inertia force, which are often several times as large as the static force. For the analysis of lowspeed operations or for an easily obtainable index of how any mechanism might run, the concept of the transmission angle is extremely useful. During the motion of a mechanism, the transmission angle changes in value. A transmission angle of 0 degree may occur at a specific position, on which the output link will not move regardless of how large a force is applied to the input link. In fact, due to friction in the joints, the general rule of thumb, is to design mechanisms with transmission angle of larger than a specified value. Matrixbased definitions have been developed which measure the ability of a linkage to transmit motion. The value of a determinant (which contains derivatives of output motion variables with respect to an input motion variable for a given linkage geometry[2] ) is a measure of the movability of the linkage in a particular position. （ 除了具備關(guān)于構(gòu)件回轉(zhuǎn)范圍的知識(shí)之外，還要具備如何使機(jī)構(gòu)在制造之前就能 “ 運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) ”的良好措施，那將是很有用的。 ） 3. The fourbar linkage may take form of a socalled crankrocker or a doublerocker or a doublecrank (draglink) linkage, depending on the range of motion of the two links connected to the ground link. The input crank of a crankrocker type can rotate continuously through 360, while the output link just rocks (or oscillates). As a particular case, in a parallelogram linkage, where the length of the input link equals that of the output link and the lengths of the coupler and the ground link are also the same, both the input and output link may rotate entirely around or switch into a crossed configuration called an antiparallelogram linkage. [1] Grashof39。如果 構(gòu)件中的某一構(gòu)件仍保持固定而使任一運(yùn)動(dòng)到達(dá)一新的位置而不會(huì)使其他各個(gè)構(gòu)件運(yùn)動(dòng)到一個(gè)確定的預(yù)期的位置上的話，則該系統(tǒng)裝置是一個(gè)非約束運(yùn)動(dòng)鏈。 19. Although positive clutches are not used to the extent of the frictionalcontact type, they do have important applications [3] where synchronous operation is required. 雖然強(qiáng)制接觸離合器不像摩擦離合器用得那么廣泛，但 在需要同步操作時(shí)，它們確實(shí)有著非常重要的應(yīng)用。 8. When a connection is desired which can be disassembled without destructing the parts assembled and which is strong enough to resist both external tensile load and shear load, or a bination of these, then the simple bolted joint using hardened washers is a good solution. 當(dāng)想要一個(gè)可以被拆開又不破壞被聯(lián)接零件的聯(lián)接時(shí)，而且這個(gè)聯(lián)接又要有足夠的強(qiáng)度以承受外拉力和剪力或這兩種力的結(jié)合，使用淬火墊圈的簡(jiǎn)單螺栓聯(lián)結(jié)是一個(gè)很好的方法。） are three customary tasks for kinematic synthesis: function generation, path generation and motion generation.（ 對(duì)于運(yùn)功的綜合，慣例上 有三個(gè)任務(wù) :函數(shù) 的生成 、軌跡生成和運(yùn)動(dòng)生成 。《機(jī)械工程專業(yè)英語(yǔ)》 一、 將下列單詞譯成漢語(yǔ) 1. Mechanism（機(jī)械，機(jī)構(gòu)，機(jī)構(gòu)學(xué)） 2. configuration（外形，構(gòu)造，結(jié)構(gòu)） 3. displacement（位移） 4. velocity（速度） 5. acceleration（加速度） 6. gear（齒輪） 7. sprocket（鏈輪） 8. pulley（帶輪） 9. kinematician /dynamics（運(yùn)動(dòng) /動(dòng)力學(xué)，力學(xué)） 10. kinematician（運(yùn)動(dòng)） 11. cam 凸輪 12. camshaft 凸輪軸 13. accuracy 精度 14. dependability 可靠性 15. pulley 滑輪 16. flywheel 飛輪 17. crank 曲柄 18. sprocket 鏈輪 19. axle 心軸 20. spindle 主軸 21. clutche 離合器 22. brake 制動(dòng) 23. shaper 牛頭刨床 24. planer 龍門刨 25. pulley 皮帶輪 26. flywheel 飛輪 27. spindle 軸 28. clutche 離合器 29. crank 曲柄 30. sprocket 鏈輪 31. axle 車軸 32. brake 制動(dòng) 33. warpage 配氣機(jī)構(gòu) 34. coolant 冷卻劑 二、 將下列詞組譯成漢語(yǔ) 1. kinematic chain（運(yùn)動(dòng)鏈） 2. skeleton diagram（草圖，示意圖，簡(jiǎn)圖） 3. Gear system/Cam system（齒輪傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng) /凸輪系統(tǒng)） 4. uniform motion/nonuniform motion（勻速運(yùn)動(dòng) /非勻速運(yùn)動(dòng)） 5. nonlinear motion（非線性運(yùn)動(dòng)） 6. kinematic analysis（運(yùn)動(dòng)分析） 7. schematic diagram（運(yùn)動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)圖） 8. textile machinery（紡織機(jī)械）