【正文】 p. 3d visualizations will integrate 3d building models, football stadiums, the airport and innercity industrial buildings. The application scenario will provide possibilities for interactive route planning and online ticket services. With regard to the Football World Cup 2020, a 3d route planning system will be established connecting the event locations to special public and economic buildings. Starting points will be Cologne main station, the CologneBonn airport and the motorway A1. Target points might be the RheinEnergy stadium in Cologne and the BayArena stadium in Leverkusen. On the way between these event locations further buildings can be integrated and accessed can place their logos in the 3d model. Furthermore, a cooperation with the CologneBonn airport, the public transportations and the Deutsche Bahn AG is possible. The target points can be explored interactively, functions like . online ticket services showing the view from the booked place can be incorporated. Based on this project, a widearea 3d city model of Cologne will be implemented and used for planning purposes in the future. In the urban area of D252。ger and Kolbe 2020). 2. DEMANDS AND CHANCES FOR DISTRIBUTED 3D GEOVISUALIZATION In the feasibility study, Virtual Regions in the RhineRuhr area 2020”which has been carried out by CeGi GmbH until ”July 2020 on behalf of the state government of North RhineWestphalia,Germany, current and future application fields for interoperable 3d GIS and 3d visualization have been identified and rated. The investigations are based on numerous and prehensive interviews with experts ing from business, administration, anisations and research institutions focused on their role as a provider resp. user of 3d geoinformation. . Overall chances of distributed 3D data resources According to the results of the feasibility study, an interoperable system of distributed 3d data resources provides the following chances and advantages (CeGi 2020b): . Interoperability and patibility By ensuring interoperability of data formats and systems the users can access arbitrary 3d spatial data sources in a homogeneous way. It allows the application of the same analysis and visualization tools for different data sets. The retrieval of appropriate geoinformation is supported by a metadata information system, which currently is developed for NRW. Although there already exist numerous international standards of the OpenGIS Consortium for data access and visualization (OGC 2020),some technical issues like the realtime exploration of 3d scenes over the inter presently only can be realized by proprietary software applications. Therefore, the questions concerning the right balance between standardisation and proprietary systems as well as concerning the capability of 3d GIS functionalities and 3d visualization services (. static or dynamic visualisation) have to be discussed. In the medium term, only a mixture of 4 standardbased and proprietary solutions can be realized. However, each application of standardised services, formats and modeling improves the system’s overall patibility and the patibility of providers and possible users. . Multiple use and sustainability Interoperability and patibility offer multiple usage of geoinformation as well as the creation of added value and more convenient data updating, and thereby assure the sustainability and quality of 3d data resources. In many cases the acquisition of 3d geoinformation has been projectbased (especially in projects that were focused on 3d visualization only), which means that database storage, further data processing, reuse and data updating are not assured. Mostly, a onetime investment is done without considering longterm and sustainable reuse possibilities. Therefore, in the context of sustainability the question arises, if in the different application fields the focus is rather on 3d presentation, realism and aesthetics or on 3d GIS and analyses. . Improvement of work flow and efficiency The sustainable use of distributed 3d spatial data resources induces synergy effects by avoiding repeated work due to redundant data storage and analyses. Thus it brings facilitation of work and improvement of efficiency. This includes the shortening of internal processes by providing fast data access (. improved use of geoinformation in municipal administrations), improved visualization of urban planning projects, more transparent and curtated planning procedures, improved citizen participation processes or simplification and automation of work flows, which allow a higher accuracy and the balanced load of process ponents. . Chances of refinancing Interoperable 3d geoinformation systems show market, economisation and refinancing potentials. In the long run, only such applications running on a spatial data infrastructure can be successful, which reveal real market potentials, . there is a strong demand on the market by users, or a specific need and longlasting sale possibilities based on the applications’direct and indirect economisation and refinancing possibilities. . Public Private Partnership The plex technical, socioeconomical and administrative conditions concerning the sustainable realization of the spatial data infrastructure in NRW require the participation of economy,administration and academia (Public Private Partnerships). Only by collaboration and 5 concerted decision making the existing deficiencies and limitations can be overe. . Special chances of 3D visualization 3d visualization reveals chances and advantages in the following respect: （ 1） .It provides graphical presentations of and insights into states, procedures and processes. （ 2） .It supports analysis, decision making, management and planning and thereby improves work flows and efficiency in different application fields. Most