【正文】 ength, the will to the extent), speed and stability of psychological processes(., perceptual speed, the flexibility of thinking, attention focused on the length of time)and psychological activity directivity(for example, people tend to external things, some people tend to the inner world of characters etc.). athletes and about game of past experience有些運動員參加比賽的機會不多或以前根本沒有參加過正規(guī)的比賽，或是在參加過的一些比賽中有過緊張的現(xiàn)象，所以一到比賽就會產(chǎn)生恐懼的心理，心跳加速、呼吸急促、肌肉僵硬。緊張是人在某種壓力環(huán)境的作用下所產(chǎn)生的一種適應環(huán)境的情緒反應。Psychological training is very important part of modern sports training, it is the primary means of sports contest the oute of the final, not only depends on the technical and physical aspects of the gap, to a large extent depends on the players39。第一篇：試論賽前緊張與焦慮情緒對運動競賽成績的影響中英文對照試論賽前緊張與焦慮情緒對運動競賽成績的影響中英文對照Influence of prepetition nervousness and anxiety on sports petition achievement in Chinese and English 心理訓練是現(xiàn)代競技體育訓練中十分重要的訓練環(huán)節(jié)，它是取得勝利的主要手段。 psychological article analyzed.【關鍵詞】賽前 緊張 焦慮 經(jīng)驗 期望值 競賽成績[ keyword ] Prepetition Anxiety experience expected value petition results緊張和焦慮The 1 tension and anxiety情緒能激勵運動表現(xiàn)，也能抑制運動表現(xiàn)。緊張反應可能是適宜的、積極的，也可能是不適宜的、消極的。嚴重影響正常發(fā)揮，影響競賽成績。s wish, as a result of too much psychological pressure, causing the game of tension, but constraining their 、周圍環(huán)境的影響有關 and peacetime training, the effect of the environment on the在平時訓練時，有的教練員只注重技術的訓練，不注重心理訓練；在平時，運動員在訓練時周圍的觀眾很少，氣氛也很單調(diào)，但在比賽時，場外觀眾的起哄、比賽場上的氣氛、比賽規(guī)模的大小等都會加深賽前運動員心理因素朝不良的方向發(fā)展。 psychological burden will be smaller, easier to play the normal level。當情緒低沉時，可以采用長吸氣與有力的呼氣練習，能提高情緒的興奮水平。Recall the past defeats, will make people have a lingering fear, resulting in anxiety, but recall the past successful games, rendering the scene at that time, selfconfidence, relive pleasant experience, will make the athletes encouraged, get the power, confident, the players before the game about those proud, happy, to achieve good results in the petitions in the past, can overe the Prepetition Anxiety and expectations should not be too high運動員在比賽前要根據(jù)自己平時的成績，確定合適的期望值，期望值太低，激發(fā)不起人的積極性，使人產(chǎn)生沮喪、懈怠的情緒，期望值過高，會加重人的心理負擔，使人對目標能否實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生懷疑、憂慮，所以運動員應從實際出發(fā)，把自己有把握實現(xiàn)的目標作為自己努力的方向。如果同一個與你存在同樣問題的隊友一起做此練習，還能加強你們之間的集體精神，因為身體運動常?？蓽p輕甚至消除緊張及焦慮不安等不良情緒。Transfer of tension is to let their attention away from excessively intense petition environment, inducing them to want something nice, the mood is stabilized, the attention back to the scene of the Nian training所謂念動，即由運動觀念而引起的運動反應，是通過對運動的想象或回憶來實現(xiàn)的。The socalled motion, motion response from sports concept and cause, through the movement of the imagination and memories to the imagination or recall some movement, and cause the corresponding changes of nerve muscle, so that the training effect is called cognitive in the balance beam petition seen in front of the player fell behind, often affect the training can not only promote the formation and consolidation of movement technology, and it can effectively concentrate, eliminate the psychological barriers, enhance confidence, enable athletes to liberation, from the tension and anxiety of hearten spirit, full of confidence to participate in the Psychological training of door它包括