【正文】 In peacetime training, some coaches only focus on technical training, do not pay attention to the psychological training。in peacetime, athletes in training around the audience rarely, atmosphere is very monotonous, but in the game, the audience booed, game atmosphere, the size of the game will deepen the psychological factors of athletes before the match in the the undesirable and the opponents on the strength of比賽對手的強弱也是影響運動員情緒的原因之一，如果比賽的對手的實力相對來說比較弱，那么運動員心理負(fù)擔(dān)就會比較小，更容易發(fā)揮本身正常的水平；而如果比賽對手相對比較強大，那么無形中就會給運動員形成一種壓力，就容易引起運動員賽前的緊張與焦慮。The opponents strength is one of reasons of athletes feeling, if the match opponent is relatively weak, so the athletes39。 psychological burden will be smaller, easier to play the normal level。and if the opponents relatively strong, so virtually will give players form a kind of pressure, it is easy to cause tension and anxiety confidence自信心是運動能力得以充分發(fā)揮的重要心理因素，因為信心是一種相信自己或預(yù)料愿望一定能實現(xiàn)的心理狀態(tài)，有信心能使心理活動過程積極起來，堅持下去，并富有創(chuàng)造性，從而激勵運動員頑強的斗志。3 克服賽前緊張和焦慮的基本途徑Selfconfidence is an important psychological factor to give full play to the athletic ability, because faith is a kind of believe in yourself or expected desire can realize the state of mind, have the confidence to make psychological activities actively, persist, and creative, thereby encouragingthe athletes tenacious fighting basic approaches to overe the prepetition nervousness and anxiety respiratory regulation method利用呼吸調(diào)節(jié)，這是運動員臨場處理情緒波動的一種心理調(diào)節(jié)法，即通過深呼吸可以使運動員的情緒穩(wěn)定下來。當(dāng)情緒緊張激動時，呼吸短促，這時可以采用緩慢的呼氣和吸氣練習(xí)，則可達(dá)到放松情緒的目的。當(dāng)情緒低沉?xí)r，可以采用長吸氣與有力的呼氣練習(xí)，能提高情緒的興奮水平。The regulation of respiration, which is a kind of psychological treatment on spot 39。 emotional adjustment method, namely the emotional stability players down through a deep breath the mood of nervous excitement, shortness of breath, then you can use a slow breath and breathing exercises, it can achieve the purpose of relaxed depressed, can use long inhale and exhale forcefully practice, can improve the mood excited remember past ，會使人心有余悸，從而產(chǎn)生焦慮情緒，但回想過去成功的比賽，再現(xiàn)當(dāng)時的情景，回味當(dāng)時自信、愉快的體驗，會使運動員從中受到鼓舞，得到力量，變得自信、從容。所以運動員在比賽前多想過去那些令人自豪的、愉快的、取得好成績的比賽，就能克服賽前的緊張和焦慮。Recall the past defeats, will make people have a lingering fear, resulting in anxiety, but recall the past successful games, rendering the scene at that time, selfconfidence, relive pleasant experience, will make the athletes encouraged, get the power, confident, the players before the game about those proud, happy, to achieve good results in the petitions in the past, can overe the Prepetition Anxiety and expectations should not be too high運動員在比賽前要根據(jù)自己平時的成績，確定合適的期望值，期望值太低，激發(fā)不起人的積極性，使人產(chǎn)生沮喪、懈怠的情緒，期望值過高，會加重人的心理負(fù)擔(dān)，使人對目標(biāo)能否實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)生懷疑、憂慮，所以運動員應(yīng)從實際出發(fā)，把自己有把握實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)作為自己努力的方向。Players before the game according to their usual result, determine the appropriate expectations, expectations are too low, can39。t afford to arouse people39。s enthusiasm, make the person produces depressed mood, slack, expectations too high, will add to the psychological burden, so that people can achieve the goal of generating doubt, anxiety, so the athletes from the practical point of view, her grasp the goal as their efforts in the direction The