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ts of the hair shafts 動物房過敏原 (Allergens in the Animal Facility) 預(yù)防 (Prevention): 1. Facility design: HEPA filter, filter top, air changes and HVAC etc., (RH: 54~77%) 2. Work practices (Workers should be made aware of the risks and avoid exposure as much as possible) 3. Personal protective equipment (Once a person develops allergic symptoms, surgical disposable masks are usually not effective) 4. Evaluation of the allergic workers (medicines or avoid exposure pletely) 減少暴露於動物性過敏原的方法 ? Ventilated hood, biosafety cabi, dust/ surgical mask ? Animal rooms should deliver at least 10 air changes per hour ? Don’ t wear your street clothes when working with animals. Wear protective clothing. Reduce your skin contact with animals by wearing gloves and longsleeved lab coats ? Wash your hands frequently. Wash hands, face and neck before leaving the work area ? Avoid touching your hands to your face while working with animals and animal equipment ? Keep cages and your work area clean 人畜共通疾病的防治 (Control of zoonotic diseases in the animal facility) 1. Engineering control (facility design) 2. Animal quarantine and stabilization 3. Work practices and procedures 4. Personal protective equipment 5. Training and education 6. Role of the facility director and IACUC 7. Institutional policies and rules 實驗動物病原分類 A: 人畜共通傳染病 B: 實驗動物致死病原 C: 非致死但可引起實驗動物發(fā)生疾病或生理功能改變 D: 實驗動物機緣性病原 E: 非病原但可為實驗動 物微生物條件的指標(biāo) 等級 微 生 物 種 類 小鼠 大鼠A 漢他病毒 ( Ha n t a vi r us ) ○淋巴球性膜絡(luò)腦膜腦炎病毒 ( L ym p h o c y t i c c h o r i o m e ni ng i t i svi r us , L C M V )○沙門式桿菌 ( Salmo ne ll a s pp .) ○ ○白癬菌 ( De r ma tophy tes ) ○ ○B(yǎng) 仙臺病毒 ( S e n da i vi r u s ) ○ ○鼠痘病毒 ( E c tr o m e li a vi r u s ) ○小鼠肝炎病毒 ( M o us e h e pa t i t i s vi r us , M HV ) ○肺炎黴漿菌 ( M y c oplas m pulmo nis ) ○ ○纖毛桿菌 ( C il ia as s oc iated r e s pi r ator y bac il lus , C A R ) ○ ○腸黏膜肥厚癥菌 ( E . c oli O 1 15 a , c :k( b ) ) ○肺曩原蟲 ( P ne um oc y s ti s c ar inii ) ○ ○C 唾液腺淚腺病毒 ( S i a l o da c r y o a de ni t i s vi r u s , S DA V ) ○小鼠肺炎病毒 ( P n e u m o ni a vi r us o f m i c e , P V M ) ○ ○小鼠腦脊髓炎病毒 ( M o us e e n c e p h a l o my e li t i s vi r us , GD 7 ) ○ ○克氏大鼠病毒 ( Kil ha m r a t vi r u s , K R V ) ○H 1 大鼠病毒 ( H 1 vi r us ) ○小鼠微小病毒 ( M i n ut e vi r u s o f m i c e , M V M ) ○ ○小鼠腺病毒 ( M o us e a de n o vi r u s , M a d ) ○ ○梭狀桿菌 / T y z z e r 病 ( C los t r idum pili f r om e ) ○ ○庫氏棒狀桿菌 ( C or y ne bac te r ium k uts c he r i) ○ ○肺炎巴斯德桿菌 ( P as teu r e ll a pne um otr opic a ) ○ ○支氣管敗血癥菌 /博得氏桿菌 ( B or de tella br onc his e ptica ) ○肺炎鏈球菌 ( Str e ptoc oc c u s pne u