【正文】
腺淚腺病毒 ( S i a l o da c r y o a de ni t i s vi r u s , S DA V ) ○小鼠肺炎病毒 ( P n e u m o ni a vi r us o f m i c e , P V M ) ○ ○小鼠腦脊髓炎病毒 ( M o us e e n c e p h a l o my e li t i s vi r us , GD 7 ) ○ ○克氏大鼠病毒 ( Kil ha m r a t vi r u s , K R V ) ○H 1 大鼠病毒 ( H 1 vi r us ) ○小鼠微小病毒 ( M i n ut e vi r u s o f m i c e , M V M ) ○ ○小鼠腺病毒 ( M o us e a de n o vi r u s , M a d ) ○ ○梭狀桿菌 / T y z z e r 病 ( C los t r idum pili f r om e ) ○ ○庫氏棒狀桿菌 ( C or y ne bac te r ium k uts c he r i) ○ ○肺炎巴斯德桿菌 ( P as teu r e ll a pne um otr opic a ) ○ ○支氣管敗血癥菌 /博得氏桿菌 ( B or de tella br onc his e ptica ) ○肺炎鏈球菌 ( Str e ptoc oc c u s pne um oniae ) ○肝型螺旋桿菌 ( He li c obac ter he paticu s ) ○小鼠梨型原蟲 ( Giar dia mu r is ) ○ ○六鞭毛蟲 ( Spir onuc leu s mu r i s ) ○ ○D 綠膿桿菌 ( P s e udom ona s ae r uginos a ) ○ ○金黃色葡萄球菌 ( Staphy loc oc c us aur e u s ) ○ ○E 鼠盲腸蟯蟲 ( Sy phac ia s pp .) ○ ○鼠大腸蟯蟲 ( A s pic ulur is tetr apte r a ) ○ ○各種動物實驗可能風險 (Risks by animal species) Rodent Wild rodent Wild Mammal Dog Cat Ruminant Pig Primate Allergy O O X O O X O Campylobacter X O O O O X O Cryptospridiossis X O O O O O O Enteric Bacteria X O O O O O O Physical injury X X O O O O O Rabies X X O O O X O specific X Hanta X Toxoplasmosis Q Fever JE TB 人畜共通傳染疾病 — 囓齒類 病原 媒介動物 人類癥狀 傳染途徑 Hantavirus 大鼠 肌痛、頭痛 吸入、咬傷 LCMV 小鼠、倉鼠 似流行性感冒 接觸糞尿咬傷 Sendai virus 小鼠、大鼠、倉鼠 呼吸道癥狀 空氣 鼠咬熱 囓齒類 肌痛、頭痛 咬傷 Salmonella 囓齒類 急性胃腸炎 食物飲水 錢癬 囓齒類 皮屑、掉毛髮 接觸 肺囊蟲 囓齒類、兔 咳嗽、呼吸難 空氣 Hantavirus (漢他病毒 ) 如何在實驗室預防漢他病毒感染 (I) ? Hantaviruses are a genus in the family Bunyaviridae, which are lipid enveloped viruses with a negativestranded RNA genome. ? They are susceptible to most disinfectants (., dilute hypochlorite solutions, 70% alcohol, or most generalpurpose household disinfectants). Limited studies with Hantaan virus have shown sensitivity to a pH of less than or equal to 5. ? Infectivity has been reported to persist in neutral solutions for several hours at 37 C and for several days at lower temperatures, as well as in dried cellculture medium for up to 2 days ? That is why one of the most important ways to prevent transmitting HPS is to carefully wet down dead rodents and areas where rodents have been with disinfectant and/or bleach. 如何在實驗室預防漢他病毒感染 (II) ?Laboratory transmission of hantaviruses from rodents to humans via the aerosol route is well documented. Exposures to rodent excreta, fresh necropsy material, and animal bedding are presumed to be associated with risk. Other potential routes of laboratory infection include ingestion, contact of infectious materi