【正文】
iiiiqLdtdqLdtqqLs運(yùn)動方程??量子系統(tǒng) 運(yùn)動規(guī)律由哈密頓量 H描寫 連續(xù)變換下: 是守恒量對易,與厄米算符即運(yùn)動規(guī)律不變HipHHHHdH??????????????????????,0)()(,2 分立變換下: U與 H對易, U是守恒量 時空對稱性:場與粒子時空性質(zhì)變換 內(nèi)部對稱性:與時空無關(guān) s t a t e sa l lHUUHeiHHUU_,.,.1????Some symmtries and the associated conservation laws ? Translation in time Energy ? Translation in space Momentum ? Rotation Angular momentum ? Gauge transformation Charge ? Reflections,Inversions Parity ? Exchange identical particles Pauli Principle,BoseEinstein condensation ??????群論與對稱性 對稱性變換必須滿足群的性質(zhì)( Closure,Identity,Inverse,Associativity)