【正文】
??????????????,0)()(,2 分立變換下: U與 H對(duì)易, U是守恒量 時(shí)空對(duì)稱(chēng)性:場(chǎng)與粒子時(shí)空性質(zhì)變換 內(nèi)部對(duì)稱(chēng)性:與時(shí)空無(wú)關(guān) s t a t e sa l lHUUHeiHHUU_,.,.1????Some symmtries and the associated conservation laws ? Translation in time Energy ? Translation in space Momentum ? Rotation Angular momentum ? Gauge transformation Charge ? Reflections,Inversions Parity ? Exchange identical particles Pauli Principle,BoseEinstein condensation ??????群論與對(duì)稱(chēng)性 對(duì)稱(chēng)性變換必須滿(mǎn)足群的性質(zhì)( Closure,Identity,Inverse,Associativity) 如空間轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)群, SO(3), 3 axis, 3 生成元(與守恒荷一一對(duì)應(yīng)) 重要的李群 /李代數(shù),O(N),SO(N),U(N),SU(N) 復(fù)合對(duì)稱(chēng)性 》 復(fù)合守恒量, ., CP parity,G parity etc. 同位旋( isospin, flavor sy