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十二烷基硫酸鈉對(duì)渦蟲再生過程中氧應(yīng)激的影響研究畢業(yè)論文-wenkub

2023-07-10 20:51:37 本頁面
 

【正文】 water pollution detection, and so has potential value and application prospect.Key words: Dugesia japonica, Sodium lauryl sulfate, superoxide dismutase enzymes, catalase目 錄摘 要 ...........................................................IABSTRACT(英文摘要) ............................................II目 錄 ..........................................................IV第一章 引 言 ...................................................1 課題研究的背景及意義 ......................................1 渦蟲研究進(jìn)展 ..............................................2 ..............................................2 ........................................4 ..........................................4 ..............................................5 ..............................................6 十二烷基硫酸鈉研究概況 ....................................7 ............................7 ................................................7(SOD) ...................................7(CAT) .......................................8(POD) .....................................9 ........................................9第二章 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法 .................................................11 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料、試劑及儀器 .....................................11 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料 .............................................11 主要試劑及藥品 .......................................11 主要實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器及設(shè)備 ...................................12 試劑的配制 ...............................................12 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料的獲取 ...........................................13 渦蟲采集方法 .........................................13 渦蟲培養(yǎng)方法 .........................................14 渦蟲再生脅迫培養(yǎng) .......................................14 渦蟲上清液的提取 .....................................15 ...............................15 .............................................15 .....................................15 .................................16 CAT酶活力測(cè)定 ...........................................17 .............................................17 .............................................17 CAT活力計(jì)算 .........................................18 SOD酶活力測(cè)定 ...........................................18 實(shí)驗(yàn)原理 .............................................18 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法 .............................................18 結(jié)果計(jì)算 .............................................20 .............................................20第三章 結(jié)果與討論 ..............................................21 蛋白標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線制作 .........................................21 CAT酶活測(cè)定 .............................................22 CAT酶活測(cè)定數(shù)值 .....................................22 再生不同天數(shù) CAT酶活隨 SDS濃度變化 ...................23 不同 SDS濃度下 CAT酶活隨再生天數(shù)變化 .................26 SOD酶活測(cè)定 .............................................27 SOD酶活測(cè)定數(shù)值 .....................................27 再生不同天數(shù) SOD酶活隨 SDS濃度變化 ...................28 不同 SDS濃度下 SOD酶活隨再生天數(shù)變化 .................31結(jié) 論 ............................................................33參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................34致謝及聲明 ......................................................37附件………………………………………………………………………………38第一章 引 言 課題研究的背景及意義 淡水渦蟲是扁形動(dòng)物門和渦蟲綱的代表,它是動(dòng)物界兩胚層輻射對(duì)稱進(jìn)化到三胚層兩側(cè)對(duì)稱的初級(jí)階段,是再生作用、胚胎發(fā)育、行為等生物學(xué)研究的理想材料,是國際動(dòng)物界熱衷探索的項(xiàng)目。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明東亞三角渦蟲是一種對(duì)十二烷基硫酸鈉污染非常敏感的動(dòng)物,在水體十二烷基硫酸鈉污染檢測(cè)等方面具有潛在價(jià)值和應(yīng)用前景。已知的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果是,較高濃度的十二烷基硫酸鈉會(huì)導(dǎo)致渦蟲的快速死亡,較低濃度十二烷基硫酸鈉對(duì)渦蟲體內(nèi)超氧化物歧化酶酶(SOD)和過氧化氫酶(CAT)兩種抗氧化酶活力有較大的影響。本實(shí)驗(yàn)是探究 SDS對(duì)渦蟲的再生過程中,不同濃度的 SDS對(duì)渦蟲體內(nèi)這兩種氧化酶活性的影響,還有在渦蟲的再生過程中同一濃度的 SDS隨天數(shù)的不同對(duì)渦蟲體內(nèi)這兩種氧化酶的影響。關(guān)鍵詞:東亞三角渦蟲,十二烷基硫酸鈉,超氧化物歧化酶酶,過氧化氫酶  AbstractAccording to the information in the literature, sodium dodecyl sulfate (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, SDS) is monly used anionic surfactant in large numbers in all kinds of detergents and decontamination powder, with the sewage discharge to the environment caused Certain hazards, but it is also the biochemical, immunological detection of protein denaturant monly used, toxic. Known experimental results, the higher concentration of sodium lauryl sulfate can cause rapid death planarian, the lower the concentration of sodium lauryl sulfate on the planarian body enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxide Catalase (CAT) activity of two antioxidant enzymes have a greater impact. SDS of the experiment is to explore the process of planarian regeneration, different concentrations of SDS on the two planarian in vivo oxidative enzyme activities, but also in the process of planarian regeneration of the SDS with the same concentration of the different number of days on the planarian Both in vivo oxidative enzymes.According to information provided by teachers and semilethal concentration, in the planarian will not affect the concentration of death, select 0, , 1, , 2, , 3mg / L concentration of the regeneration of seven processing, processing time is 1, 4 , 7, 10d, through experiments, can be seen that sodium lauryl sulfate 2 of planarian in vivo activities of antioxidant enzymes are promoting effects. Planarian regeneration in the different stages of SOD, CAT were significant changes, the first clear upward trend, then decreased and then increased and then stabilized。現(xiàn)代原位雜交技術(shù)、RNA干擾技術(shù)、DNA 芯片技術(shù)、流式細(xì)胞儀分選技術(shù)等先進(jìn)研究手段在渦蟲研究中的應(yīng)用,以及渦蟲基因組學(xué)、蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)研究的開展,使渦蟲這一古老的模式生物重新煥發(fā)新的生命力,近幾年渦蟲的研究主要集中在分類、再生以及分子研究等方面 [1]。結(jié)果,大量的表面活性劑一般在大量排放進(jìn)行污水處理植物或直接到水生環(huán)境的地區(qū),那里沒有污水處理。 劉易斯,1991) [3]~ [4]。此外,在SDS 對(duì)水生系統(tǒng)毒性作用方面人們也進(jìn)行了一些相關(guān)研究 [8]~ [9],但找尋一種水生生物來監(jiān)測(cè)水體中的SDS污染程度的研究尚未見報(bào)道。渦蟲再生能力特別強(qiáng),是研究細(xì)胞分化與去分化分子機(jī)理和動(dòng)物行為及染色體的好材料,再生細(xì)胞來源,再生組織器官分化,生物工作者對(duì)其形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、地理分布、再生、生態(tài)條件等方面進(jìn)行了較為深入的研究。大部分種類營自由生活。但各學(xué)者的意見不完全一致,有的學(xué)者根據(jù)生殖系統(tǒng)卵黃腺的有無及是否為典型的螺旋卵裂分為 2 個(gè)亞綱:原卵巢渦蟲亞綱(Archoophoran turbellarians)和新卵巢渦蟲亞綱(Neoophoran turbellarians),其下分為 9 個(gè)目或 11 個(gè)目不等。通常約2mm,體呈圓形,口位于近中央的腹中線上,有的具一簡單的咽,無消化管,有一團(tuán)來源于內(nèi)胚層的營養(yǎng)細(xì)胞進(jìn)行吞噬和消化。(2)大口蟲目(Macrostomida)生活在海水或淡水中,小型渦蟲。代表種如大口蟲(Macrostomum )、微口渦蟲(Microstomum)。s Larva),常見的如平角渦蟲(Planocera)。原腎管一對(duì),卵巢一對(duì),具分支的卵黃腺。但是哪類是最原始的,學(xué)者們有些認(rèn)為大口蟲目是最接近祖先的類群,因?yàn)樗鼈兙吆唵蔚难剩つ覡畈环种У哪c,神經(jīng)索放射排列,具額腺(fronta gland,也稱頭腺)及平衡囊,無卵黃腺,螺旋卵裂等原始特征,無腸目和鏈蟲目是由大口目祖先分出的分支。體長一般 5~30mm,體寬1~5mm。每支主干又反復(fù)分出小支,末端為盲管,
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