【正文】 Words）一、英文合同常用虛詞（Usual Function Words）1． Here/there/where+介詞構(gòu)成的古體詞基本規(guī)則：Here代表this，there代表that，where代表which或what即here/there/where+介詞=介詞+this/that/which or whatl例句：The minimum royalty herein specified shall be paid by Party B to Party A. 在此規(guī)定的最低特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)應(yīng)由乙方付給甲方。 Hereinafter: later in the same Contract. 以下，在下文。例句：Both parties agree to attempt to resolve all disputes between the parties with respect to the application or interpretation of any term hereof of transaction hereunder, through amicable 。例句：“Licensed Products” means the devices and products described in Schedule 1 annexed hereto together with all improvement and modification thereof or development with respect thereto. “特許產(chǎn)品”系指在本協(xié)議附件1中所述的裝置和產(chǎn)品，及其全部改進(jìn)和修改的產(chǎn)品和與之相關(guān)的產(chǎn)品。例句：The Contract for the contractual joint venture shall continue from a period o two years ，此后應(yīng)持續(xù)有效兩年。例句：The Leased Premises are deemed to be fit for occupation when the building therein is substantially ，該租賃房屋才認(rèn)為適合占有居住。 by the following terms and conditions, etc. 憑此協(xié)議，憑此條款等。 WITNESSETH, Whereas, Now Therefore, NOWl In Testimony Whereof: in Witness ，特立此證。PRESENTS本保證書(shū)對(duì)本銀行及其繼受人和受讓人均具有約束力。例1：Notwithstanding any other provisions to the contrary herein, insurance coverage and limits shall be subject to approval of all the ，保險(xiǎn)范圍和責(zé)任限制應(yīng)以合同各方同意為準(zhǔn)。具體用法和含義見(jiàn)以下實(shí)例：l As 放在代表規(guī)定的provide，stipulate，set forth，prescribe等詞的過(guò)去分詞前，含義為“依照某某規(guī)定”。l As構(gòu)成as the case may be（視具體情況而定）， as the case may require（視具體要求而定）和 as the Venturers may determine等短語(yǔ)。例句：In witness whereof, the parties have caused this instrument to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written. 合同雙方簽訂本文件，該文件自以上書(shū)就日期即時(shí)生效，特此為證。例1：The Bank shall give prompt written or telex notice to the Borrower of the Interest Rate in effect from time to time in accordance with the foregoing 。 under consideration。6.NOW THEREFORE, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows。 according to, under, subject to, in accordance with, as per, as provided in, pursuant to, in pliance with這一族都表示“依照，根據(jù)”合同的約定或者法律的規(guī)定。再如：Both Parties shall each contribute their paid in capital in pliance with the items specified in the appendix to the 。 Including but not limited to與including, without limitation以及including by way of illustration but not limitation英文合同表達(dá)“包括但不限于”時(shí)，就會(huì)用到這幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)。不可抗力事件包括但不限于火災(zāi)、洪水、地震、臺(tái)風(fēng)、自然災(zāi)害和賣(mài)方無(wú)論怎樣也無(wú)法合理控制的阻止、妨礙、干擾本合同履行的其他風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和情形。 prior to, no later than, on or before，on and afterprior to, on or before，no later than, on or after常用在英文合同中限定日期，prior to表示“某日之前，提前多少日”。例如： Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, . not later than ，即不遲于12月15日，你方須將貨物裝船。如果不包括1月1日在內(nèi)，則為till and not including January 1。s right to claim ，買(mǎi)方仍有權(quán)取消合同的部分或全部。 by reason of this特此，因此，茲等意，常用于法律文件、合同、協(xié)議書(shū)等正式文件的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)；在條款中需要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)也可用。例　2If, as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons, an arbitrator fails to perform his duties as an arbitrator, another arbitrator shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, be selected or appointed.Chinese version for reference:仲裁員因回避或者其他原因不能履行職責(zé)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本法規(guī)定重新選定或指定仲裁員。例 2The scope of Works of this Contract shall be specified in such Drawings and bills of Quantities as are attached hereto.Notes: 1) The scope of Works工程范圍2) Bills of Quantities 工程量表Chinese version for reference:本合同工程范圍應(yīng)按所附的圖紙及工程量表中規(guī)定的范圍。例 2The terms “FOB”, “CFR” or “CIF” shall be subject to the “International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms” (INCOTERMS, 2000) provided by International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) unless otherwise specified herein (in this Contract).Chinese version for reference:除非本合同另有規(guī)定，“FOB”、 “CFR” 和“CIF” 均應(yīng)依照國(guó)際商會(huì)制定的《國(guó)際貿(mào)易術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋通則（INCOTERMS） 2000》辦理。例 1In accordance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on ChineseForeign Equity Joint Ventures and the Contract signed by and between ___________ Co. ( hereinafter referred to as Party A) and ___________ CO. ( hereinafter referred to as Party B), the articles of association hereby is formulated and prepared.Notes: 1) Law of the People’s Republic of China on ChineseForeign Equity Joint Ventures: 中華人民共和國(guó)中外合資經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)法2) articles of association：合營(yíng)公司章程（條款）Chinese version for reference:根據(jù)《中華人民共和國(guó)中外合資經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)法》以及由___________公司（以下稱(chēng)甲方）與___________公司（以下稱(chēng)乙方）所訂的合資經(jīng)營(yíng)的合同，特制訂本公司章程。 in that particular context。例 3The Contractor shall, with due care and diligence, design (to the extent provided for by the Contract), execute and plete the Works and remedy any defects therein under the provisions of the Contract.Chinese version for reference:承包人應(yīng)根據(jù)合同的各項(xiàng)規(guī)定，以應(yīng)有的細(xì)心和勤勉，設(shè)計(jì)（在合同規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)）、施工和完成工程，并修補(bǔ)工程中缺陷。 例 3“Time for Completion” means the time for plet