【正文】
股票指數(shù)期貨同時具備了期貨和股票的特點。與股票交易相比,股指期貨交易是一種保證金交易。關(guān)鍵詞:股指期貨 風(fēng)險監(jiān)管 風(fēng)險管理Abstract: Being the most successful financial innovation in the international financial market in l980s, stock index futures has been one of the financial derivatives of best Transaction and Liquidity in Stock market. It is helpful to regulate the stock market, to the reformation of stateowned enterprise so as to ensure the smooth issuance and listing of new shares. Financial innovation results in new financial risks inevitably. The leverage feature of stock index futures, excessive market speculation, price volatility, imperfection of the market mechanism, and other factors will bring many risks to participants.Under the back ground of the sources of risk, learning from the international monitoring modes and risk management about stock index futures is necessary to establish a proper system of risk management in stock index futures of our country.Keywords: stock index futures, monitoring modes, risk management股票指數(shù)期貨(Stock Index Futures),簡稱股指期貨,是一種以股票指數(shù)為標(biāo)的的金融期貨,雙方交易的是一定期限后的股票指數(shù)價格,并通過現(xiàn)金結(jié)算差價來進(jìn)行交割。股指期貨市場使得投資策略更加多樣化。有利于優(yōu)化投資者結(jié)構(gòu)、完善證券市場的功能、為國內(nèi)外金融機構(gòu)投資者提供更好的服務(wù),加強我國金融市場競爭力。一般來說,股指期貨具有規(guī)避證券市場系統(tǒng)風(fēng)險和價格發(fā)現(xiàn)的基本功能。投資者進(jìn)行交易時,只需交納一定數(shù)量的保證金,就可以進(jìn)行超出保證金十幾倍甚至幾十倍的交易。由于具有期貨的特點,股指期貨可以通過套期保值的手段來規(guī)避系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險,在一定的程度上彌補現(xiàn)貨市場沒有做空機制的缺陷。,即違約風(fēng)險,是指股指期貨合約一方不履行規(guī)定的條款而導(dǎo)致另一方發(fā)生損失的可能性。例如,市場的某些實力雄厚的大戶,利用資金優(yōu)勢,通過控制期貨交易頭寸或壟斷可供交割的現(xiàn)貨商品,故意抬高或壓低期貨市場價格,特別是“多逼空”的方式,利用流動性差異這一特點使套期保值交易者的期貨頭寸無法對沖或忍痛平倉而獲得收益。例如,我國的機構(gòu)投資者還不規(guī)范;相關(guān)的法律和法規(guī)不完善;信用體系不健全,存在虛假的財務(wù)報告,透明度低;市場過度投機和非理性投資加劇了市場波動,影響市場的正常運轉(zhuǎn)等等。除了政府一級監(jiān)管外,主要由證券期