【正文】 SMS能呈現(xiàn)多樣性的特征，這些特征與執(zhí)行方法、系統(tǒng)特征和執(zhí)行程度相關(guān)。Unit 5 What is an OHSMSOHSMS 職業(yè)健康安全管理體系Legacy 遺產(chǎn)，留給后人的東西In practice 在實(shí)踐中Allow for 考慮到Regulatory system 監(jiān)管體系Review phase 審查階段Specific objective 特殊目標(biāo)Corrective action 糾正措施Be central to 極為重要Systematic approach 系統(tǒng)方法Systemic linkage 體系聯(lián)動(dòng)Interlinked 相互鏈接Feedback loop 反饋環(huán)Specific program element 詳細(xì)計(jì)劃Mandatory 強(qiáng)制的Arise from 由。通常經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短的問(wèn)卷調(diào)查就能完成。Unit 3 The ergonomics Processergonomics process 人機(jī)工程過(guò)程MSDs （are injuries and illnesses of the safe tissue and nervous system that affect your body’s: Muscles, Nerves, Tendons(經(jīng)脈), Ligaments(韌帶 ), Joints）由肌肉組織或神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)引起的傷害或疾病Upper echelons 上層、高層hourly employee 鐘點(diǎn)工Job sites 工地Ergonomics mittee 人機(jī)工程委員會(huì)Medical management 醫(yī)療管理Musculoskeletal stressors 肌肉骨骼緊張性刺激Ergonomics input 人機(jī)工程投入Management mitment 管理承諾/行為Manufacturing engineers 制造業(yè)工程師Plant manager 工廠經(jīng)理Process engineer 生產(chǎn)工程師Human resource manager 人力資源經(jīng)理Safety manager 安全經(jīng)理Submittee 分委員會(huì)Overseeing body 監(jiān)督主體low back disorder 腰部疾病Active and passive surveillance 主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)監(jiān)督Job stressors 工作壓力源Followup 后續(xù)工作Ergonomics awareness 人機(jī)工程意識(shí)Follows through 實(shí)現(xiàn)，把…進(jìn)行到底Chain of mand 指揮鏈Hit list 黑名單You must assess the oute of the hazard identification process and determine if immediate action is necessary or if, in fact, there is an actual hazard involved. When you do not view a reported hazard as an actual hazard, it is critical to the ongoing process to inform the worker that you do not view it as a true hazard and explain why. This will insure the continued cooperation of workers in hazard identification.你必須對(duì)危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)過(guò)程中得到的結(jié)果進(jìn)行評(píng)估，并決定在實(shí)際危險(xiǎn)存在時(shí)是否需要立刻采取措施。The efforts necessary to achieve the desired degree of safety are usually organized into formal programs. The objective of such programs is to assure that system hazards are eliminated or otherwise controlled as early in the life cycle as possible. Most of the detail work involved in a system safety program is in the performance of hazard analyses. With the information provided by analysis, responsible officials can determine the safest, most efficient means of controlling the hazards identified.譯文：要想獲得所期望的安全程度，所有必須做的工作都應(yīng)編制成正式的計(jì)劃。System safety engineering is a relatively new approach to accident prevention. Its concepts and techniques have evolved from efforts to improve the safety of the plex technical systems that are mon in today’s society. It is based on the ideas that accidents result from a number of interacting causes within a system, and that each cause and interaction can be logically identified, evaluated, and controlled. Through the logical application of scientific and management principles over the life cycle of a system, system safety engineering attempts to achieve an optimum degree of safety.譯文：安全系統(tǒng)工程是一個(gè)相對(duì)較新的預(yù)防事故的方法。對(duì)于一個(gè)有意義的分析，必須在有效的假設(shè)基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行合理的、準(zhǔn)確的描述。由于以這種模式工作的有效性得到了認(rèn)可，因此將它作為一種正確的方法傳授給新成員，讓他們以此來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)、思考和解決問(wèn)題[指適應(yīng)外部與整合內(nèi)部的過(guò)程中的問(wèn)題]。The safety culture of an organization is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, petencies, and patterns of behavior that determine the mitment to, and the style and proficiency of , an organization’s health and safety management.譯文：組織的安全文化由以下幾項(xiàng)內(nèi)容組成：個(gè)人和群體的價(jià)值觀、態(tài)度、觀念、能力和行為方式。它的成功主要取決于進(jìn)行分析的人所具有的技能與知識(shí)。它的概念和相關(guān)技術(shù)是在人們提高當(dāng)今普遍存在的復(fù)雜技術(shù)系統(tǒng)安全性的各種努力過(guò)程中逐漸發(fā)展而來(lái)的。這些計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)就是確保系統(tǒng)里的危險(xiǎn)被消除，或者使危險(xiǎn)在系統(tǒng)生命周期內(nèi)盡早的得到控制。當(dāng)你不把一個(gè)已被報(bào)告的危險(xiǎn)當(dāng)做一個(gè)實(shí)際存在的危險(xiǎn)時(shí)，你必須在工作過(guò)程中告訴工人你沒(méi)把這個(gè)被報(bào)告的危險(xiǎn)當(dāng)做一個(gè)真正的危險(xiǎn)，并解釋原因。在一些管理比較開(kāi)放、真心關(guān)心工人安全和健康的地方，這種危險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)方法能起到很好的作用。引起Strategic objective 戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)Commercial pressure 商業(yè)壓力Principal contractor 總承包商Hybrid method 混合方法Marketbased 基于市場(chǎng)的Formalised prescription 正式的法規(guī)/規(guī)定Mandated principle 明文規(guī)定的原則Stem from 起源于，來(lái)自于Regulatory framework 規(guī)章制度European Union Framework Directive 歐盟框架