【正文】 forefather,forebear ，predecessor祖先rot/ rCt/ leave me rot.＝leave me along rot to death. soon ripe,soon rotten. decay 國家民族逐漸衰亡 depose 逐漸衰竭 deteriorate關(guān)系逐漸惡化trace /treis/ ，蹤跡 trace the problem i follow your trace＝i follow where you gopolynesia 波利尼西亞 poly多 polyandric: a wife with more than one husband polygeny : a husband with more than one wifeflint /flint/ flinting heartedfossil / 39。ledV[nd/ ，傳奇 unreal robin hoodanthropologist/ 39。 kC:d/ 第一個音節(jié)帶重音，名前動后敘述：recount : emotionless 重復(fù)describedepict： a little emotionalnarrate： temporalamp。kaunt/ / 39。L1 Finding fossil manWe can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagaslegends handeddown from one generation of storytellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first39。 rei39。spacial 根據(jù)時間或空間順序描述。AnWr[39。 fCsl/ n. 化石 cobble 鵝卵石read of 讀到談到：speak of ,talk of ,know of,hear of near east：近東 mediterranean, south europe,north africfar east 非限定性從句，表原因oral(spoken) language is earlier than written language.precede :什么在什么之前，不用比較，直接跟名詞counterpart: two things or two people have the same positionoral(spoken) language is earlier than written counterpart.preserve: 保留，保存（腌制） 如果句中有only，那后面的表語結(jié)構(gòu)就要用to do sth,而不是doing sth. storyteller: 講故事的人fortuneteller, palmreader: 算命先生 migration ：移民 １）migrant ２）immigrantv. migrate:遷移，遷徙migratory bird:候鳥 none: no body people＋s 民族 if they had any: 即便是有his relatives,if he had any,never went to visit him when he was hospitalized. find out千方百計，費盡周折＝explore modern men :the men who were like ourselves however－anywhere you want ,加逗號but,yet－不加標(biāo)點，only at the beginning of the sentencetherefore－自由so－自由 tool:小工具instrument:實驗器械equipment:設(shè)備 shape:成型；教育，改造may also have:表推測 peel:果皮leather:皮革hide:獸皮 cowhide:牛皮 without (any) trace:無影無蹤L 2 Spare that spiderWhy, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends ? Because they destroy so many insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make it us to live in the world。onbehalfongovernment＝representauthorityauthoritative權(quán)威性的/sens[s/fifth挑剔的，挑刺的acremetersfootballyardcourtcontent滿足作表語，不能出現(xiàn)定語結(jié)構(gòu)Hestatus/spZ[/sparespareeffortsspareonmaywhy插入語whyourwonder,thebefallswonder,oneisintocrying和possibleforsomething.likely可以以人做主語。totheyamakemyselfbookit虛擬語氣werenotweretimely＝ifforowe感激，欠you.引出主題alltogether:把他們堆到一起toagiveandithighlyInhowever,theThelookingwaybecausetheespeciallyneverItduringoftendangersperilousamakeshudderbutgowayexcitement.singlegoalthehardrealizeitpioneers.oraswhichpopular,tocutbySuchwereandfoodacpaniedtwelvewashedwine.boastedall,shelterwith(whopoorsometimescheesemakers.wasandunfortable.toandlinentheAlpsveryandmountaineer詞根：alptein/arrivestop/peak/summit(n)peril+s/adj．危險的（隨時可能出現(xiàn)的）危險avalanche雪崩shudderandobviousquiver:excitementandofwayfor（multiple朝廷朝臣courtier2）足球場soccer/football招致courtslrt+ri/adj．唯一的sol獨孤獨Ilivepioneer()/?pai+39。pamp。manyfacecanforlevel:s/adj．粗劣的coarsefarerefinedinboastedknowledge.Theteamresearchers.)1parishioner()/p+riM+n+/n．教區(qū)居民parish教區(qū)1shepherd()/39。羊theRoadsportssbI我很害怕你。(先人時期)notsummitpeak山頂ThethethetheSummit到達(dá)thedifficultiesthe結(jié)構(gòu)Heman.manman.equippedmannersththe一想到這個結(jié)構(gòu)后面加介詞ofthepoorone39。eyeconditions把其中的一部分扣除1tend生存地、駐扎地cutoff2flea可以這么說，插入語wereThisaslife酒精shepherd牧羊人andunfortableaccustomedtousedintoachangechangeonSoviethaveofreadwithevendoorscaseelevenyearoldwhobutperceivepartsandThisnoticedOneintohappenedhandsofSuddenlyfathersolockedeventheyintalentthescientificthenearandwasofspecialMinistrytheDuringwasaopaquestill,elbowsshedescribecoloursinstance,slippers,withandpicturecarpet.thatshoulderssensitivity.testswhenthethingsltthatperceivefingersthewereexpressionsPerceiveoutforfinallyoutIout.IinssthesomethinginOnehimamorekilled,inhavebeenhistoryheascientistsHemonsterfilms andandnotlinkpast.islittlereallyeveronestate,intrepid,tounderobservationjungleslives.Americanexpeditionsandamonglovedeventothehowdies,ableexacttheindicateofthisthingsmuchtheyFrenchfirsttoaAbominabletheinhardlymoreexpressions（goodstarsn.(s)場景in:backgroundgatheraideasonewell.問題：Yetweabout人們對他的觀點相差很大。yearsmoreyears–hein陳列在自然歷史博物館strong施加給人們強大的魅力exert…onon上句可表示為stronggorillato例如：The這兩人真像。,thethetheoldfilms(美)the(he(…)ancestral與…相聯(lián)系our(n.)throughscientific盡管話說回來，不是嚴(yán)格的科學(xué)概念througharrived,)但yetsatisfactorybeeninphotograph定語后置，satisfac