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專八歷年英譯漢真題-wenkub

2023-04-10 23:02:04 本頁(yè)面
 

【正文】 was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed 9 , with plenty of money for a topflight staff 10 , travel, and television mercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling munication skills 11. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America — a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government 12.【 概述 】 本文是一篇典型的關(guān)于美國(guó)政治的時(shí)事雜文,用詞色彩強(qiáng)烈,修飾語(yǔ)具有極端性和渲染性的特點(diǎn)。|專業(yè)八級(jí)歷年英譯漢真題解析(19962000) 1996年專八英譯漢試題原文 Four months before Election Day 1, five men gathered in a small conference room at the ReaganBush headquarters 2 and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o39。翻譯這類文章時(shí),伸縮性較大,適宜文采的容忍度較大。 2. 4. 6. 8. 10.”但考慮到中文不易用修飾成份過長(zhǎng)的表達(dá)方式,可將此同位語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)譯為一個(gè)單獨(dú)的句子,即“ 他極具個(gè)人魅力,精通溝通技巧。這是六月份的最后一個(gè)星期六,早晨 10 點(diǎn),其他辦公室?guī)缀鯚o人。他們久經(jīng)沙場(chǎng),跟隨里根多年,為共和黨干的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng),沒有誰(shuí)比他們更熟悉總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選那一套兒。最重要的是,他們的候選人是羅納德 肯尼迪總統(tǒng)以來,里根最成功地勾勒出美國(guó)藍(lán)圖:國(guó)家軍事力量復(fù)興,國(guó)人積極進(jìn)取,政府機(jī)構(gòu)精簡(jiǎn)。翻譯這類文章時(shí),伸縮性較大,適宜文采的容忍度較大。Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable :若直譯即“歌劇很貴,那種貴不可避免。s power of choice : province 意為“領(lǐng)域、范圍”; abdicate 意為“放棄”。We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it : to make something accessible to someone 使某人也能得到某事(物),因此全句可譯為“使歌劇和其他形式的高消費(fèi)文化也能讓那些作為個(gè)體消費(fèi)不起的人們所享受。但這是英文表達(dá),英譯漢時(shí)必須將其用通順的漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式,因此翻譯時(shí)可采用正話反說,反話正說法,即“ 食物、居所、防護(hù)、健康與教育缺一不可,這一點(diǎn)人人認(rèn)可。The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental :此句為典型的英語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)部分過長(zhǎng)的句子,為了避免頭重腳輕,翻譯時(shí)可將主語(yǔ)部分獨(dú)立出來,即變成外位語(yǔ)的形式,同時(shí)運(yùn)用轉(zhuǎn)譯法,將 fundamental 形容詞詞性轉(zhuǎn)為名詞詞性即“人性的根本”。 they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another :這兩句都包含一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,第一句的定語(yǔ)從句可以按照原結(jié)構(gòu)直譯,即“人類思想和想象力可及程度的試金石”,但第二句的定語(yǔ)從句需要用分譯法分譯出來,即“它們承載著最深刻的信息,使之在人類成員之間傳播。但問題是,有必要這么做嗎?食物、居所、防護(hù)、健康與教育缺一不可,這一點(diǎn)人人認(rèn)可。這些杰作是我們?nèi)砍晒脑嚱鹗?,是人類思想和想象力可及程度的試金石。我們有?quán)利使歌劇和其他昂貴的文化形式面向大眾,面向那些個(gè)人沒有支付能力的人。人們對(duì)文化的沖動(dòng),即人們希望通過想象和再現(xiàn)來表現(xiàn)并探索這個(gè)世界的愿望,才是最根本的。然而,只要你不放棄對(duì)社會(huì)權(quán)利的選擇,高檔享受不可避免地成為富人的特有的領(lǐng)域。但是,即使在史前的穴居時(shí)代,人們伸出手來,也不僅僅是為了吃喝,或者是單純地為了搏殺,也可以是為了刻畫。1998年:用詞正式,句法簡(jiǎn)單,同時(shí)又口語(yǔ)感很強(qiáng),讀起來朗朗上口。 2.But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals : But then 表示語(yǔ)氣的轉(zhuǎn)折,這類詞語(yǔ)很難處理,翻譯時(shí)要格外小心,如果沒有非常大的把握,寧可不譯。keet step :指“步伐一致,協(xié)調(diào)一致” 。liable to perplex :容易使 … 困惑不解。 8.猶如我們向馬路對(duì)面的某個(gè)行人打招呼,結(jié)果出乎意料,那人表情默然,原來,我們誤把陌路當(dāng)友人。美國(guó)人確實(shí)也走極端,要么咄咄逼人,對(duì)本國(guó)文學(xué)大肆渲染,要么亦步亦趨,對(duì)別國(guó)文學(xué)頂禮膜拜。試想,有多少幅英國(guó)畫試圖做得讓人看上去像是在巴黎繪的;我們又有多少次讀到他們的作品真正代表著一種“英國(guó)式的傳統(tǒng)”呢? 說到美國(guó)文學(xué),并非意欲斷言,它與歐洲文學(xué)全然不同。當(dāng)我說美國(guó)習(xí)慣、美國(guó)思想等時(shí),我只想在這一詞匯前加上某種修飾語(yǔ),因?yàn)?,歐美(尤其是英美)之間的差異往往只是程度上的差異,而且有時(shí)候微乎其微。猶如我們向馬路對(duì)面的某個(gè)行人打招呼,結(jié)果出乎意料,那人表情漠然,原來,我們誤把陌路當(dāng)友人。思想觀念也象人和商品一樣可以自由地跨越大西洋,只是有時(shí)在時(shí)間上要慢得多。兩個(gè)國(guó)家有著莫名的相似,卻又給人一種突然的陌生感。無論何時(shí),旅游者在兩地都能看到同一式的建筑,見到同一款式的服飾,讀到擺在書架上的同一風(fēng)格的書籍。重要的是,英國(guó)人所審視的這個(gè)國(guó)家誕生于英國(guó),并在不少方面仍與英國(guó)相差無幾然而,實(shí)實(shí)在在是個(gè)異邦。 to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class(一類) of family reasons shares a border(接壤、相近)with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy(使 …忙(有事干) the wife。翻譯時(shí),要特別注意整篇文章的邏輯關(guān)系,特別注意語(yǔ)篇的連貫和銜接。 share a border with sth : 與 …有聯(lián)系 ?!? some societies the failure to bear children (or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce : and 在此處表示遞進(jìn)的關(guān)系,譯為“也,而且”,全句譯為“ 不生孩子( 或不生男孩 )不僅 是婚姻的一種威脅 , 還成為離婚的便當(dāng)理由 。該用法與基督教的教義有關(guān),認(rèn)為生孩子可以贖罪,可以了卻罪孽,因?yàn)槿祟惖墓餐嫦葋啴?dāng)和夏娃因吃禁果而有了罪孽。反過來說:在某些社會(huì)中,不生孩子( 或不生男孩 )不僅 是婚姻的一種威脅 , 還成為離婚的便當(dāng)理由 。在一個(gè)變幻莫測(cè)、常常是充滿敵意的世界中,家庭作為一種社會(huì)機(jī)構(gòu),以其特有的方式,至少在原則上,需要在孩子身上獲得某種安全感、慰藉、保障和指望。后代對(duì)家庭這一體制本身所具有的深遠(yuǎn)意義遠(yuǎn)非如此。2000年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE  If people mean anything at all by the expression “untimely(不合時(shí)宜的,timely:適時(shí)的、及時(shí)的) death”, they must believe that some deaths run on(連續(xù), 不分段, 流逝, 涉及)a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely—a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing(= passing away 死亡)of a young person, one assumes(假定、設(shè)想) that the best years lay ahead and the measure(尺度、評(píng)價(jià)) of that life was still to be taken. History denies this, of course. Among prominent(卓越的、突出的)summer(壯年時(shí)期, 青春)deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe(馬麗蓮?夢(mèng)露 )and James Deans(詹姆士?迪恩斯), whose lives seemed equally brief and plete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats(約翰?濟(jì)慈)died at 26, and only half playfully(開玩笑地) judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The idea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity(強(qiáng)度、亮度=achievements: 成就)and virtue(德行、品德). 【 概述 】 本文是一篇典型的議論型語(yǔ)篇,用詞正式,邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),哲理性強(qiáng)。run on a better schedule than others :更符合(死亡)時(shí)間表的安排。a full one :圓滿的一生。 5.summer deaths :英年謝世者;在風(fēng)華正茂時(shí)死去的人;在事業(yè)鼎盛時(shí)期而死的人。” 8. 濟(jì)慈 26 歲與世長(zhǎng)辭,眾多作家難以接受,半開玩笑地說,他們自己的生命即便超過 26 歲,也不過失敗二字?!?【 參考譯文1 】 年邁去世很少被稱作“早逝”,因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)壽就是圓滿。 夢(mèng)露與詹姆斯 濟(jì)慈 26 歲與世長(zhǎng)辭,眾多作家難以接受,半開玩笑地說,他們自己的生命即便超過 26 歲,也不過失敗二字。二人生命雖短,卻功成名就。專業(yè)八級(jí)歷年英譯漢真題解析(20012008) 2001年: ENGLISH TO CHINESE Possession for its own sake or in petition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts. Effort is the gist(要點(diǎn),主旨) of it. There is no happiness except as we take on(接納) lifeengaging(有魅力的、迷人的) difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms(相同的表達(dá)、看法) when h
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