【正文】 定時(shí)的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)正在進(jìn)行B AA：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 B：不定式Eg4. When his mother entered, the boy pretended to be sleeping.▲ 完成進(jìn)行式：不定時(shí)的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，一直持續(xù)到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作，到謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作為止。哼哈將，時(shí)邏關(guān)。 詞 法 ————語(yǔ)法————句法簡(jiǎn)單句：在句子中只包含一套主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。并列句：通常由一個(gè)連詞連接的并列的句子。七仙女，記心間。不定時(shí)的動(dòng)作有可能剛剛結(jié)束，還有可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。 Eg8. The house needs repairing.※ Be worthy of being done=Be worthy to be doneEg9. Want +to do(想要……) / doing(想要被……)1）Doing amp。 Having done~ Done amp。 It is / was+no good/use+doing2) 作賓語(yǔ)區(qū)分 amp。 prep.+doingEg19. On being introduced to strangers British people often shake hands.amp。 ask sb to do sth.amp。 分詞作狀語(yǔ) 通常表示伴隨、條件、方式、原因Eg24. Seeing from the FHS, we’ve got a wonderful view.Eg25. The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area.☆ ☆常用搭配：1. To tell you the truth, …2. too…to…3. only to…(通常引出意想不到的結(jié)果)4. Lift a stone only to drop on his own feet.5. enough to… 足以……6. generally speaking 通常情況下說(shuō)7. judging from / by 6) 作定語(yǔ)區(qū)分 amp。 不定式 通常具有名詞性質(zhì)，用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)所具有的內(nèi)容，更強(qiáng)調(diào)一次性或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作amp。 介詞后，不定式前，通常用Whether amp。 It seems /happens + that… Eg30. Which way you turn is up to you.2） 表語(yǔ)從句正如 似乎好像 因?yàn)? As As if As though Because虛擬語(yǔ)氣Eg31. He looks as if he were drunk.amp。 S + vt. + OS + vi. + prep + OS + v (tell, teach, give, show, make, send) + O + OEg33. Our thoughts make us what we are. 思想塑造人amp。 通常由that引導(dǎo)，放在某些固定的名詞（plan, idea, news, fact, hope…）之后 amp。非限☆ prep + whom, whom不可省略☆ prep +whom, whom可以省略ThatEg. The girl that / /whom I wrote a letter to is…1. 人2. 物3. 人和物（sb.+sth.）4. 不定代詞5. 先行詞被最高級(jí)序數(shù)詞（only, very, all, few, many, much, little等）修飾1. 主語(yǔ)2. 賓語(yǔ)（可省）3. 介詞賓語(yǔ) ☆prep不能放在that前且可以省略限Which1. 物2. 集合名詞表物3. 句子4. 不明性別的嬰兒1. 主語(yǔ)2. 賓語(yǔ)(可省)3. 介詞賓語(yǔ)限amp。非限When=prep + which1. 地點(diǎn)2. 時(shí)間3. 原因狀語(yǔ)限amp。 As 在引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只能用來(lái)替代先行詞詞義；引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，還可替代整個(gè)句子的句意。 after3. as soon as 可用在任何時(shí)態(tài)=hardly had done when did=scarcely had done when did=no sooner had done when didEg39. The students had hardly seen me when they ran off. →Hardly had the students seen me when they ran off.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完全情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can / could, may / might, will / would, hall / should, must, ought to半情態(tài)動(dòng)詞: need, doneEg27. Can 1本義：能夠；2推測(cè)：可能 Can’t 1本義：不能；2推測(cè)：不可能虛擬語(yǔ)氣通常提出一種不可能存在的假設(shè)或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)amp。（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)1）有一定詞義；2）不受主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化影響；3）與主要?jiǎng)釉~的原形（或稱(chēng)不帶to的不定式）一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)（除ought to作固定詞組看待）。 兩只眼比一只眼看得清。The temperature can fall to –60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 在林子里走時(shí)勿吸煙，那樣可能會(huì)引起火災(zāi)。 我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading—room.他問(wèn)他可不可以把書(shū)帶出閱覽室。How can you be so careless? 你喜歡什么就拿什么。May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby?可以指過(guò)去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。She may not know about it. 他們有可能在開(kāi)會(huì)，不過(guò)我不肯定。 你不可能那樣對(duì)她說(shuō)話(huà)。He must be ill. He looks so pale.She’s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.Shall I get you some tea?讓那男孩在外面等嗎？What shall we do this evening? 你明天可以得到我的答復(fù)。（警告）Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.I will do anything for you.如果你愿意讀這本書(shū)，我會(huì)把它借給你。 請(qǐng)你把窗戶(hù)關(guān)上好嗎？有點(diǎn)冷。Fish will die out of water. 那男孩常常坐在那里好幾個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)，看著車(chē)輛行人通過(guò)。 你不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 這部新電影是一流演員主演的，估計(jì)拍得很好。1）表意愿。I said I would do anything for you.Would you like another glass of beer? 請(qǐng)把窗戶(hù)擦一下好嗎？They wouldn’t have anything against it.Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.You are his father. You ought to take care of him.He used to live in the countryside, but now he lives in the ，現(xiàn)在住在城里。I usedn’t (didn’t use) to smoke.這類(lèi)虛擬語(yǔ)氣主要用于如下幾方面:（1）虛擬條件句（含蓄虛擬條件句）Iflwereyou，lwouldstudymuchharder．（與現(xiàn)在情況相反）Ifhedid（weretodo，shoulddo）it，hewoulddoitwell．（與將來(lái)情況相反）Iwouldn39。2．關(guān)系詞：是指連接先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句并且在定語(yǔ)從句中做一定成分的詞，既包括關(guān)系代詞，又包括關(guān)系副詞。2）關(guān)系詞前有介詞而且關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做賓語(yǔ)（表語(yǔ)）時(shí)，指人時(shí)用whom，指物時(shí)用which,而且不能省略。顧后：看關(guān)系詞在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中所做的成分。有時(shí)，主從復(fù)合句中的定語(yǔ)從句是限定性的還是非限定性的取決于全句意思或上下文。2．先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等詞修飾。......在定語(yǔ)從句中只能用which的情況在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞which和that都常用來(lái)指物，一般沒(méi)有什么區(qū)別。，其中一個(gè)用了that,另一個(gè)宜用which..,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld...39