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英文學(xué)術(shù)論文翻譯-中英文對照(三)-wenkub

2022-11-03 09:00:09 本頁面
 

【正文】 new materials mechatronics, electronic information, biotechnology, new energy resources and energy conservation. It is a general opinion that to simplify formalities and to enhance efficiency are more important than to give preferential economical treatment to enterprises. 漢語的基本句型及其翻譯 漢語造句以名詞為重心 , 以詞組 、 散句和分句為手段 , 善于按時間 、 邏輯順序進(jìn)行橫排式敘述 , 有時斷句不嚴(yán) , 外形松散 。 一九六四年十月中國爆炸了第一顆原子彈,使世界大為震驚。 The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. ? 2) 世紀(jì)交替 , 千年更迭 , 人類社會的發(fā)展正在揭開新的篇章 。 We should lay emphasis on making pulsory education universal, vigorously developing vocational and adult education, moderately developing higher education and optimizing educational structure. ? Use it ? 1) 有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來 , 不亦樂乎 。 Hot anger burned in our minds against him at his rashness. ? 3)對建筑師來說 , 將正在營業(yè)的旅店進(jìn)行翻修實在是難上加難 。 Wrongs must be righted when they are discovered. 2) 我們的各項工作都取得了一些成就 , 但不能因此而驕傲自滿 。 ?These new measures will, we believe, increase the people’s purchasing power and lead to thriving financial and mercial conditions rather than make a mess of the country’s finances as some people argue. 2 、 轉(zhuǎn)換 (Shift) (find elements in the original to use as the subject) 21 By changing word category 1) 中日兩國發(fā)展和平友好關(guān)系,符合兩國人民的長遠(yuǎn)利益。 主語的選擇 (Options for subjects) ? 1 、 對等 (Equivalence)( Follow the Chinese topicment order, use noun phrases etc.) ? 1) 財源有限 , 開銷無窮 。 The development of relation of peace and friendship between China and Japan is in accord with the longterm interests of the two people. 2) 游中國當(dāng)然是必游長城 。 We have made some achievements in various fields of our work but we must not get conceited and arrogant. 3) 我們的自然科學(xué)比較落后,要努力向外國學(xué)習(xí)。 One of the greatest challenges for an architect is a renovation of an operating hotel. 3. Supplement ? 1) 弄得不好 ,就會前功盡棄 。 Isn’t it a great pleasure to meet friends from afar? ? 2) 這個都市圈設(shè)想按五個層次展開 。 The turn of the century has opened a new chapter in the development of the human society. ? There Be ? 1) 自 1983年以來 , 已經(jīng)建立了一百多個這樣的組織 。 一切都考慮進(jìn)去,她的建議似乎更切實可行。 有人稱漢語是時間型的動態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) , 主要體現(xiàn)于形式自由 , 富于彈性 。 所以翻譯漢語主謂單句時 , 至少應(yīng)注意幾個問題 。 漢語的有些動詞搭配能力很強 ,同一詞處在不同的語境 , 意義就會大不相同 。 For the next few minutes the spokeswoman answered questions from some journalists and correspondents. ②中國通過對美國商品征收報復(fù)性關(guān)稅來作為對美方違反中美貿(mào)易協(xié)定的回答。 By the end of the century China will have bee prosperous. 2) 街旁都種了樹 。 There is very little time left. 3) 認(rèn)識落后,才能去改變落后;學(xué)習(xí)先進(jìn),才有可能趕超先進(jìn)。 ?It is hard to imagine what life would be like in China without the bicycle. Yet it wasn’t so many years ago that a bicycle was considered a luxury, beyond the reach of many people. Moreover, it was in short supply. 四 、 主題句 主題句的前一部分?jǐn)⒗砘驍⑹?, 后一部分進(jìn)行總結(jié)或評論 , 表達(dá)作者的觀點和意圖 。 1) 過去向我們學(xué)習(xí)的人,現(xiàn)在反而超過了我們。 這里有兩種情況:一是動作是同時發(fā)生 , 稱為并列動詞 , 譯成英語時也譯為并列謂語 。 The current economic restructuring should focus on the reform of stateowned enterprises, the pillars of our economy, plus the supporting reform of social security system. It also aims at strengthening and improving measures in reforming the macrocontrol system, further shifting the functions of the government, fostering a market system and pressing ahead in the direction of a socialist market economy. 六 、 兼語句 ? 兼語句的謂語有兩個動詞 , 但兩個動詞不共一個主語 , 亦即:前一個動詞的賓語是后一個動詞的主語 。 We cordially wish you success. 2) 我們公司請外賓共進(jìn)晚餐。 We’ll keep you informed. Exercise 埃菲爾鐵塔是巴黎的標(biāo)志,也是早期巨型鑄鐵建筑的里程碑。四條腿內(nèi)則成弧線,逐漸交匯,形成錐型塔身。 外位結(jié)構(gòu) 外位結(jié)構(gòu) (Separate Construction),是英語語言中一種重要的句法手段 。 在漢譯英過程中 , 為了讓譯文符合英語語言的表達(dá)習(xí)慣 , 力求譯文語言達(dá)到簡潔流暢 、生動形象的效果 , 譯者往往在譯文中采用外位結(jié)構(gòu)形式 。 在漢譯英時 ,若采用這些形式 ,譯者切記它們的表意主語
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