【正文】 0 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理與生產(chǎn)安全管理 ..........................................................................10 小結(jié) .............................................................................................................. 11 國(guó)外研究現(xiàn)狀及進(jìn)展 ........................................................................................ 11 國(guó)內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀及進(jìn)展 ........................................................................................13 發(fā)展歷程 ......................................................................................................13 研究重點(diǎn) ......................................................................................................14 事故風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)進(jìn)展 ......................................................................................16 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究進(jìn)展 ......................................................................................25 存在問題 ......................................................................................................27 3 煤氣化工業(yè)企業(yè)環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理 ..........................................................28 煤氣化工業(yè)技術(shù)特征及其風(fēng)險(xiǎn) ........................................................................28 煤氣化工業(yè)的發(fā)展、技術(shù)特征及其產(chǎn)品 ..................................................28 煤氣化工業(yè)企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) ..................................................................................31 煤氣化工業(yè)企業(yè)環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)方法 ................................................................32 環(huán)境風(fēng) 險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)程序 ......................................................................................32 事故設(shè)定 ......................................................................................................32 概率估算 ......................................................................................................33 毒物擴(kuò)散與能量傳遞 ..................................................................................34 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià) ......................................................................................................41 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理體系構(gòu)建 ............................................................................................44 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理對(duì)策和措施 ..................................................................................44 政府和企業(yè)的職責(zé) ......................................................................................45 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的組織與實(shí)施 ..............................................................................47 4 陜西渭化集團(tuán)基本情況 ..........................................................................................50 渭化集團(tuán)概況 ....................................................................................................50 主要生產(chǎn)工藝 ....................................................................................................50 3 現(xiàn)有工程 ......................................................................................................50 在建工程 ......................................................................................................51 環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn) ............................................................................................................53 ........................................................................................................53 有毒氣體泄漏 ..............................................................................................54 5 陜西渭化集團(tuán)環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià) ..................................................................................55 自然社會(huì)環(huán)境 ....................................................................................................55 氣象條件 ......................................................................................................55 社會(huì)環(huán)境調(diào)查 ..............................................................................................57 事故設(shè)定 ............................................................................................................58 危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)識(shí)別 ..............................................................................................58 重大危險(xiǎn)源判斷 ..........................................................................................59 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)單元?jiǎng)澐?......................................................................................60 環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)事故類型 ......................................................................................61 毒物擴(kuò)散與能量傳遞 ........................................................................................62 泄漏量計(jì)算 ..................................................................................................62 爆炸、火災(zāi)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響 ..........................................................................64 毒物擴(kuò)散 ......................................................................................................65 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析與評(píng)價(jià) ................................................................................................70 ....................................................................................................70 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià) ......................................................................................................70 6 陜西渭化集團(tuán)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理體系 ..................................................................................72 環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)避免措施 ............................................................................................72 環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)防與減緩措施 ................................................................................72 應(yīng)急 預(yù)案 ............................................................................................................73 危險(xiǎn)目標(biāo)的確定 ..........................................................................................73 應(yīng)急救援指揮部的組成、職責(zé) ..................................................................73 事故的應(yīng)急預(yù)案（以液氨儲(chǔ)罐泄漏應(yīng)急預(yù)案為例） ..............................74 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理制度 ....................................................................................................75 4 7 結(jié)論與建議 ...............................................................................................................77 主要結(jié)論 .................................................................................................