【正文】 d processing machinery, but as raw materials to produce bamboo plate is only the beginning of the eighties study, so far, the most representative of the expansion method for the pressure plate to start a half bamboo law, two kinds of expansion method peeling, for most of the entire economic valueadded bamboo and crackfree and more difficult to start because of their base at home and abroad belong to the blank wood. To obtain crackfree to start the whole bamboo bamboo plate, bamboo is the key to green technology, to the postgreen bamboo surface quality will directly affect the quality of the plate to start the quality of bamboo. In this paper, is involved in trying to follow the premise of the characteristics of bamboo, the development of a set of lowcost, convenient operation, high productivity for largescale bamboo production and processing of the whole crackfree start of the bamboo tube technology and equipment so as to attain the size width of 250300mm, a thickness of , length 2500mm started the whole bamboo bamboo plate, bamboo plate Sliced thin veneer sheets and decorative boards. In this paper, the theory and practice through a bination of research methods, first of all characteristics of a large number of Bamboo have access to the information, and then directly taken from the bamboo of origin of raw materials for the actual measurement and analysis of data. At the same time, consider bamboo bamboo irregular geometry and the material basis of the specificity of the current processing of a variety of methods to Green than on analysis, the final choice of the optimal performance of the sand roller grinding methods, designed to make processing equipment and existing equipment pared to the market with better versatility and interoperability for largescale bamboo processing throughout the anization, this article on the basis of the characteristics of bamboo equipment designed to optimize the various ponents, especially for the critical loading 4 of bamboo folder equipment, a small summary of the special structure of sand roller carried out a detailed design optimization. Grinding in to the Green, the grinding force is stretched by the Head of the tension spring the size of the decision. As the bamboo three times the impact of sandroll with the changes in tube shape when floating, is bound to cause changes in grinding force. In order to ensure the quality of bamboo surface grinding, grinding should be made in the course of the changes in grinding force as small as possible, that is, the spring tension of the tension changes as small as possible. In line with these principles, we spring to tighten the design and installation of the choice of the location of a detailed analysis of the design. Or as a result of bamboo39。我們所設(shè)計(jì)的簡(jiǎn)易砂輥是針對(duì)整竹去青設(shè)計(jì)的一種特殊砂輥，它不僅工作可靠、性能優(yōu)，而且結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、重量輕，更換砂布方便、快捷。其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、造價(jià)低廉、可靠性好。我們根據(jù)上述原則對(duì)拉緊彈簧的 設(shè)計(jì)和安裝位置的選擇進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析設(shè)計(jì)。同時(shí)在考慮毛竹竹筒幾何外形不規(guī)則以及材料的特殊性的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)目前的多種去青加工方法進(jìn)行比對(duì)分析 ，最終選擇了表現(xiàn)最優(yōu)的砂輥磨削方法，為使所設(shè)計(jì)的加工設(shè)備與市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)有設(shè)備相比較具有更好的通用性和操作性，適用各地組織大規(guī)模竹材加工，本文依據(jù)毛竹的特點(diǎn)對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的設(shè)備的各部件進(jìn)行優(yōu)化，特別是對(duì)關(guān)鍵的竹筒的裝夾設(shè)備，小型簡(jiǎn)易砂輥的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化。為了組織大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，必須使用合理高效的專用加工機(jī)械，但以竹子為原料生產(chǎn)板材是八十年代才開始研究的課題，到目前為止，最具有代表性的展開法為半竹平板加壓展開法、旋切展開法 2種，對(duì)于最有經(jīng)濟(jì)附加值的整竹無(wú)裂紋展開因其難度較大而在國(guó)內(nèi)外基木屬于空白。 要想獲得整竹無(wú)裂紋展開竹平板，竹筒去青是關(guān)鍵工藝，去青后的竹筒表面質(zhì)量的好壞將 直接影響竹平板的展開質(zhì)量。 在去青磨削中，磨削力的大小是由磨頭拉緊彈簧的拉力大小決定的。還是由于毛竹的“三度”的影響，特別是彎曲度的影響，在磨削時(shí)，竹筒自身旋轉(zhuǎn)會(huì)引起砂輥的上下、左右浮動(dòng)。同時(shí)我們還根據(jù)磨削力的變化盡量小等原則劉‘夾具的裝夾位置進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。論文詳細(xì)闡述了它的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，并重點(diǎn)對(duì)砂輥中的關(guān)鍵零件彈性環(huán)的強(qiáng)度和剛度進(jìn)行了理論分析和計(jì)算。s three times, especially the effects of curvature in the grinding, the bamboo tube itself will cause rotation of the upper and lower sand roller, floating around. The greater the curvature, the greater the amount of floating, spring tension changes caused by the greater, and therefore the greater the changes in grinding force, the worse the quality of surface processing. In order to adapt to both curved and elliptical shape of the tube to Green requested that the subject of a special design of the clamping device. Its simple structure, low cost and reliability. At the same time we also in accordance with changes in grinding force as small as possible the principles of Liu 39。 1956 年 6 月，國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)出《關(guān)于保護(hù)和發(fā)展竹林的通知》要 求各級(jí)政府采取有效的措施保護(hù)和發(fā)展竹林， 1962 年在江蘇召開全國(guó)竹子生產(chǎn)會(huì)議， 1982 年 7 月林業(yè)部在北京召開南方 12 產(chǎn)竹省竹林經(jīng)營(yíng)利用匯報(bào)會(huì)議，竹子的發(fā)展進(jìn)入良性循 環(huán)的軌道。 竹子的原材料價(jià)格低而以竹子為原料深加工后的產(chǎn)品往往價(jià)格很高，產(chǎn)品的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 好。根據(jù)竹產(chǎn)區(qū)毛竹的市場(chǎng)價(jià)格，胸徑 10cm 的毛竹售價(jià)每擔(dān) (100 斤 /擔(dān) )20~22 元，可截取 2500mm 的竹 6 筒 2~3 根，若展開后刨切成 ，并考慮展開和刨切中的廢品率各為 20%，一擔(dān)毛竹 也可刨得薄片約巧 mZ，若按照每平方米 12 元的價(jià)格計(jì)算， 20~22 元一根毛竹可創(chuàng)產(chǎn)值 180 元，其經(jīng)濟(jì)效益相當(dāng)可觀。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)開放的不斷深化，竹業(yè)有了較大的發(fā)展， 90 年代發(fā)展速度之 快利用之廣是空前的，全國(guó)竹業(yè)進(jìn)入快速發(fā)展階段。 全世界范圍內(nèi)森林資源遭受嚴(yán)重破壞以至木材的供應(yīng)量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足人們的需求，為了有效的替代人們對(duì)木材的需求，達(dá)到“以竹代木”，“以竹勝木”的目的，國(guó)外政府也投入大量的資金和人力積極的探索竹子加工和利用的新方法和新工藝，其中以日本和菲律賓為最深入，已經(jīng)形成一套比較合理的加工方法和工藝，開發(fā)出許多竹材加工專用設(shè)備，比如日本研制的竹材旋切板技術(shù)就比較先進(jìn)，但這些國(guó)家目前所采用的竹材展開方式仍是 四分之一或半竹展開，對(duì)于整竹展開技術(shù)設(shè) 備也仍處于開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)階段。經(jīng)過(guò)潛心研究、反復(fù)試驗(yàn)后，首先在長(zhǎng) 50mm 的短竹筒上實(shí)現(xiàn)了無(wú)裂紋展開，使我 們的信心倍增。在竹子中，尤其在竹青和竹黃中含有大量的 SiO2，還有少量的脂肪，形成“臘質(zhì)層”，影響竹材的膠合及無(wú)裂紋展開 所以必須去除。根據(jù)竹子和竹青的特點(diǎn)，如何在最短的加工時(shí)間將竹青完全 去除，提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率同時(shí)降低加工成本，本課題初步擬選砂帶磨削的辦法去除竹青 部分，但隨課題的深入研究和遇到的問(wèn)題仍可靈活調(diào)整 。由于竹子的特點(diǎn)比較特殊，即竹子是中空的，較脆，每根 竹子的粗細(xì)不同而且由于植物生長(zhǎng)的特性使得竹子兩頭的粗細(xì)也不同，另外最重要的 是竹子并不是規(guī)范的幾何圓形，此外還有如何裝夾才能最大限度的出材，這樣的特點(diǎn) 使得竹材加工不可能使用現(xiàn)有的用于裝夾普通機(jī)械零件的夾具，必須重新設(shè)計(jì) 。機(jī)床電氣控制設(shè)