【正文】 planting development． Based on the summary of the advantages and disadvantages of the domestic and foreign vegetables transplanter and absorbed the research achievements of laboratory ,the paper design a new type of vegetables transplanter on the basis of the ported— seedling transplanting mechanismthe lever ejection mechanism， which is more simple， reliably and efficently and economic， as well as easily realizing open ditch ,fertilization ,transplanting， furrow cover et e． This device has publicly vegetables transplanting invention patent(2020 1006301 3． 8)and utility model patent(202020 121 1 05 ． 2) ， And has publicly invention patent of vegetables transplanting device ofplaten(202020099278． 8)． The paper ’S main research are showed as follows： 1． Make a research of the abroad vegetables transplanter and principle of research results of laboratory． Firstly ,determine the basic parameters of the transplanter based on the mechanism analysis of the ported— seedling transplanting mechanism and the requirement of design． Then definite the important structure parameters quickly and accurately, such as the transmission ratio，phase separation ofejector rob and time of ejection by establishing a mathematical model program． 2． Establish the mathematical model of the core ponents一一 the lever edit action mechanism according to abovementioned parameters of vegetables transplanter ,carry on the mechanism of 科生畢業(yè)設 計 ６ kinematics and dynamic analysis and on base of MATLAB software to select the best parameter of the six groups of the lever ejection mechanism and related institutions． Model the transplanting mechanism based on its parameters by UG software． Then carry on the simulation analysis based on ADAMS software and determine whether the result is correct． 3． Design the key ponents of vegetables transplanter based on CAD technology and UG software， including opening ditch device， furrow coveting device， platen device， fertilization device and transmission system． In the transmission system， in order to determine be width between centers quickly and solve pin shaft of virtual positioning and chain of virtual assembly problem， Cal Ty on parametric studies of chain based On UG software． 4． Add Vb． program custom to menu item of transplanting mechanism in CAD software SO as to achieve series design of the vegetables transplanting mechanism quickly and adapt to different vegetables requirements． Users Can input parameters onthe custom menu according to different agronomic requirements of vegetables， obtain the needed mechanism model by the digital deformation design ,And carry on the simulation analysis of the deformation model based on ADAMS software， determine whether the deformation model is correct． Acplished the assembly list update through the secondary development of UG software as well as improving the design efficiency ,reducing duplication of labor． 5． Manufacture and Process the vegetables transplanting mechanism． Decide whether the mechanism meet the design requirements based on mechanism performance test of experimental platform and high— speed camera． Keywords： Vegetables transplanter Transplanting mechanism Computer aided design Digital design 第一章緒論 1． 1前言 我國是一個農業(yè)大國，農業(yè)生產在整個國民經 濟總量中占據著重要的地位。 3．在蔬菜移栽機構研究的基礎上，根據農藝要求，為了完成開溝、移栽、施肥和覆土等工序，基于 CAD技術對蔬菜缽苗移栽機關鍵部件進行計算機輔助設計，包括開溝覆土裝置、壓秧盤裝置、施肥裝置和傳動系統(tǒng)。該機的特點有：結構簡單，工作可靠；易保證株距的均勻性；能實現開溝、施肥、移栽和覆土等工序。但 目前移栽過程采用人工移栽，勞動強度大、作業(yè)效率低，難以實現大面積栽植制 約了生產規(guī)模，影響了生產效益，同時也限制了蔬菜生產的發(fā)展空間。本人授權 大學可以將本學位論文的全部或部分內容編入有關數據庫進行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復制手段保存和匯編本學位論文。除了文中特別加以標注引用的內容外，本論文不包含任何其他個人或集體已經發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。盡我所知，除文中特別加以標注和致謝的地方外，不包含其他人或組織已經發(fā)表或公布過的研究成果，也不包含我為獲得 及其它教育機構的學位或學歷而使用過的材料。對本研究提供過幫助和做出過貢獻的個人或集體，均已在文中作了明確的說明并表示了謝意。對本文的研究做出重要貢獻的個人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標明。 涉密論文按學校規(guī)定處理。目前國內 科生畢業(yè)設 計 ４ 對移栽機械的研究和開發(fā)基本屬于仿造，沒有對國外的 移栽機進行重大的改進和 技術上的突破，而且國外移栽機結構復雜，價格昂貴，在國內推廣難度很大。該蔬菜 移栽 裝置已 公開 發(fā)明 專利 (202020063013 ． 8) 和實 用新型 專利(202020201105 ． 2) ； 并 已 公 開 發(fā) 明 專 利 蔬 菜 移 栽 裝 置 的 壓 盤 裝 置(202020099278． 8)。在傳動系統(tǒng)中，部分用的是鏈傳動，為了快速確定實際中心距和鏈節(jié)數，解決銷軸的虛擬定位和鏈條的虛擬裝配問題，基于 UG軟件對鏈條進行參數化研究。特別是我國加入 WTO后，我國在世界貿易市場中扮演著越來越重要的角色，農業(yè)生產更是面臨著前所未有的機遇與挑戰(zhàn)。新鮮蔬菜對于人類健康飲食的重要性是勿庸置疑的。近幾年來，種植業(yè)內部結構不斷調整，使得糧食作物的播種面積呈遞減趨勢，油料作物、蔬菜、水果等種植面積持續(xù)增加。大多數蔬菜品種 (約占 60％ )都是采用育苗移栽方式種植，而秧苗手工栽植是需要彎腰和肢體屈伸的勞動。長期以來，蔬 菜生產一直是一項勞動密集型產業(yè)，勞動力成本占蔬菜生產成本的 50％以上。栽植機械的持苗及植苗機構主要有鉗夾式 (圓 盤鉗夾式和鏈條鉗夾式 )、導苗管式 (導管推落苗式、導管指帶落苗式和導管直落苗式 )、吊籃式及撓性圓盤式等。 2)．鏈夾式缽苗移栽機 鉗夾式缽苗移栽機是在鉗夾式裸苗栽植機的基礎上改進得到的。該移栽機容易發(fā)生傾倒和被土壤埋沒等現象，漏苗、缺苗率大大增加，應用較少，有被淘汰的趨勢。馬格利公司 (Cheehiamp。這種 栽植機械尤其適 合于地膜覆蓋后的打孔栽植作業(yè)。這種栽植機的優(yōu)點是缽苗在栽植過程中不受任何沖擊，特別適合于根系不太發(fā)達而且易碎的缽苗：缺點是結構相對復雜，喂苗速度不能過高，否則漏栽率增加，生產率不高。 1．撓性圓盤 2．苗箱 3．供秧輸送帶 4．開溝器 5．鎮(zhèn)壓輪 圖 1． 2撓性圓盤式