外文翻譯---特許經(jīng)營和獨立的小型企業(yè)成活率的比較-wenkub
2023-05-19 09:07:43 本頁面
【正文】 ons reveals no studies or statistics capable of supporting parative survival rates for new franchise versus independent business startups. Claims that franchise startups have vastly higher survival rates than independent business startups cannot be supported by published . Department of Commerce studies of small business. Thus, claims about franchise rates of survival have often tended to extremes. The purpose of this study is to raise the debate to a higher plain. The presence Of the CBO data base makes it possible for issues of franchisee survival to be analyzed in objective, prehensive ways. The CBO oversamples minority and women business owners, and it oversamples the larger scale small businesses that utilize paid employees. Of the roughly 90,000 small businesses surveyed to create the CBO data base, over 70 percent responded. All of the reported statistics in this study are weighted to adjust for both survey nonresponsive, and the Census Bureau39。 the franchise trait, other factors constant, exhibits a highly negative relationship to firm survival prospects. Separate analyses of minorityowned franchise and independent small business subsamples reveal that survival patterns among minorityowned firms closely resemble those present in the overall small business universe: franchise operations are more likely to go out of business than independent firm startups. The prehensive crosssection and time series data on young small businesses analyzed in this study are drawn from a large nationwide small business data base the Characteristics of Business Owners (CBO) data base that was piled by the . Bureau of the Census in 1992. One limitation of the CBO data base is its exclusion of firm’s fitting tax returns as regular corporations: the CBO includes only proprietorships, partnerships, and Scorporation tillers B. Measuring survival patterns among young small businesses: Database considerations Most evidence on franchise survival rates is forthing from journalistic sources. A recent ad in business week, for example, claimed that a franchisee has a four times greater chance to succeed than an entrepreneur who launches a new independent business. Factual underpinnings for this claim were not apparent. At the other end of the journalistic spectrum, the February 1994 issue of magazine claims that percent of Decorating Den39。s franchisees terminated operations during the three year period ending in December 1992. Decorating Den is a franchisor that grew spectacularly during the 1980s。s nonrandom sampling in the creation of the CBO: the firms described in this study are therefore representative of young firms that grossed at least $5000 in total revenues in 1987 .This study covers only firms formed over the 19841987 period and the unit of analysis is firms, not persons. Thus, the universe of firms covered in this study is 4,005,561 small businesses. A description of the CBO sample of young firms analyzed in the following pages appears in the appendix of this study. The sample of franchise firms analyzed here’s not identical with the universe of franchise units opened between 1984 and 1987 for several reasons. First, some franchise units are owned by the franchisor. Second, some new franchise units are owned by multiunit firms that began operations before 1984. Third, multiunit new firms included in this study might own franchise operations at several locations, but such a firm is only counted once, because the unit of analysis here is the firm. Thus, the failure rate for all new franchise units operating in 1987 that opened up between 1984 and 1987 may differ from the closure rate reported in this study. C. Characteristics of franchise
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