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水利專業(yè)英語課文標(biāo)題(已修改)

2024-11-14 21:14 本頁面
 

【正文】 第一篇:水利專業(yè)英語課文標(biāo)題Lesson 1 importance of water 水的重要性 Lesson 2 the Hydrologic Cycle 水循環(huán)Lesson 3 hydrology 水文學(xué)Lesson 4 underground water 地下水Lesson 5 what causes flooding洪水是怎樣形成的 Lesson 6 nature of water pollution 水污染的性質(zhì)Lesson 7 Planning for water resources development水資源開發(fā)規(guī)劃 Lesson 8 reservoirs 水庫Lesson 9 Properties of concrete混凝土的特性Lesson 10 basic concepts of reinforced concrete鋼筋混凝土基本概念 Lesson 11 dams 壩Lesson 12 embankment dams 土石壩Lesson 13 concrete gravity dam on rock foundations 巖基上的混凝土重力壩 Lesson 14 Arch dams 拱壩 Lesson 15 spillways溢洪道Lesson 16 design forces 設(shè)計作用力Lesson 17 Significance of infiltration and process of infiltration入滲重要性及過程 Lesson 18 evapotranspiration 騰發(fā)量 Lesson 19 irrigation methods 灌溉方法 Lesson 20 irrigation canals灌溉渠道 Lesson 21 land drainage 耕地排水Lesson 22 methods of applications of drip irrigation systems滴灌系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用方法 Lesson 23 hydraulic turbines水輪機(jī)Lesson 24 hydroelectric power 水力發(fā)電Lesson 25 differential leveling 水準(zhǔn)測量(微差水準(zhǔn)測量)Lesson 26 construction and equipment施工和設(shè)備Lesson 27 engineering economy in water resources planning水利規(guī)劃中工程經(jīng)濟(jì) Lesson 28 soil erosion and soil conservation 土壤侵蝕與土壤保持 Lesson 29 groundwater and climate change地下水與氣候變化 Lesson 30 irrigation performance evaluation 灌溉運(yùn)行評價Lesson 31 bidding, bid opening and award of contract招標(biāo)、開標(biāo)和授予合同 Lesson 32 how to write a scientific paper如何撰寫科技論文第二篇:水利專業(yè)英語長江三峽【內(nèi)容提示】請用英語寫一篇描寫長江三峽的文章,內(nèi)容要求如下:①長江三峽聞名于全世界。②沿三峽有許多美麗的名勝。③在三峽的入口處建有葛洲壩水電站。④改革開放以來,長江三峽發(fā)生了巨大變化,呈現(xiàn)出新面貌。⑤現(xiàn)在長江三峽上正在建設(shè)一座大型水利樞紐工程。⑥三峽的建設(shè)將會更加有益于人民,為中國做出更大貢獻(xiàn)?!咀魑氖痉丁縏he Three Gorges of the Yangtze RiverThe Three Gorges are situated ① in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and are famous throughout the Three Gorges are: the Xiling Gorge(西陵峽), Wu Gorge(巫峽)and Qutang Gorge(瞿塘峽).Along with them there are a number of beautiful places of interest, such as, Zhaojun Village, Qu Yuan Temple and Baidi Gezhouba Dam is at the entrance to the big power station has been built the reform and open policies began to be carried out, great changeshave taken place and the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River have taken on a new present a large multipurpose water conservancy project ② is under Three Gorges will benefit ③ the people more and make greater contributions to China.【詞語解釋】①be situated(in)位于??②large multipurpose water conservancy project 大型水利樞紐工程③benefit['benifit] v 有益于【寫法指要】這是一篇景點(diǎn)描寫文。這類文章一般包括三部分:開頭是總的介紹,引出主題;中間是正文部分,具體介紹此地、此景的特色,如著名的風(fēng)景、名勝古跡,著名建筑等。本文的正文部分有兩個自然段,第二段寫美麗的名勝和景點(diǎn),第三段寫著名的建筑。第三部分是結(jié)尾,一般是作者的建議、感想或總結(jié)性的話。本篇結(jié)尾是作者的感想。【詞匯】?Permeat 滲入,滲透=percolate=seepage?overlay 覆蓋?impair 損害?raw 原狀的,原始的?available 可利用的?sanitary 衛(wèi)生的,保健的?basin 盆地,流域?hydrologic 水文學(xué)的,水文的?hydrologic cycle 水循環(huán)?precipitation 降水,降雨?runoff 徑流?percolate 滲透?drought 干旱季節(jié),旱災(zāi)?vadose滲流 infiltration?flowage 泛濫,積水?subsurface water 地下水?flooding 洪水泛濫,漫灌?levee堤 ;筑堤?deluge洪水;大雨,暴雨?meandering蜿蜒的;曲流的?winding曲折的;彎曲的;迂回的?erode侵蝕;沖刷;腐蝕?enhancement增加 提高?objectionable不適合的?sluiceway=sluiceway 泄洪道?ungated無門的;閉塞的?orifice孔口;管口?detention basin蓄洪區(qū);攔洪區(qū)?retarding basin滯洪水庫?abutment壩座?embankment土堤?impermeable 不滲透的,不透水?uplift 上托力,揚(yáng)壓力,上舉?heel壩踵,上游坡腳?tailwater尾水,尾水位?toe 壩趾,坡腳,壩腳?pretest 事先實(shí)驗(yàn)?fieldtest野外試驗(yàn)?tensile拉力的?factor系數(shù),倍數(shù),因素?coefficient折算率,程度?chute斜槽,瀑布,瀉物架?infiltration 滲流?spillway 溢洪道?stage construction 分期施工?drainage basin流域?50year frequency flood 五十年一遇洪水?outlet works泄水(排水,河口)工程?discharge capacity 泄水能力?soil conservation 土壤保持?water and soil erosion 水土流失?flow hydrograph流量過程線?the Yangtze River 長江?the estimated flow徑流量?MississippiRiver密西西比河?water table地下水位?soil erosion土壤侵蝕?the outer curve 凹岸take。for granted 認(rèn)為。是理所當(dāng)然的?storage reservoir 蓄水庫?flooding control reservoir 防洪水庫?distribution reservoir 配水水庫?multipurpose reservoir 綜合利用水庫?floodmitigation reservoir減洪水庫,滯洪水庫?peakflow洪峰流量;洪水?flood peak洪峰=flood crest?storage capacity 蓄水庫容,庫容?spillway crest溢洪道頂部?sediment deposits泥沙沉積;?seepage water 滲水?impervious blanket不透水鋪蓋?drainage blanket排水鋪蓋?allowable stress允許應(yīng)力,?runoff characteristics徑流特征?reservoir inflow design flood入庫設(shè)計洪水?stream flow 河川流量?emergency spillway非常溢洪道?synthetic curve綜合曲線;?curved dam弧形壩 拱形壩?sluice gate弧形壩?abutment壩座,橋臺,岸墩?tensilestress拉應(yīng)力?breaking stress 破壞應(yīng)力Lesson41)The water table level is highest under the highest parts of the surface, and lowest under thel??the water table, while seepage from the groundwater zone into creeks and lakes lowers ,地下水位也最高;而在地面最低的地方,地下水位就最低。丘陵和 山脈的地下水位比峽谷和湖泊的地下水位高。這是因?yàn)樗ㄟ^包氣帶不斷地滲透提高了 地下水位;地下水層的滲流進(jìn)入河溝和湖泊,從而降低了地下水位。The depth of the water table below the land surface is greatest ??if not at the surface, aswater from the higher areas builds it ,地下水位的埋藏深度最大,在重力作用下,那里的地下水非常順暢地向下 流動。靠近河流、湖泊和沼澤地區(qū)時,地下水位即使未達(dá)到地表,也接近地表,因?yàn)樗?從較高的地方匯集而來使地下水位升高。These vast underground water deposits provide much needed moisture ??in similar ways to surface water,also performing geomorphic work as an agent of 。地下水的作用與地表水的作用相似,也以均夷作用塑造著地貌。During precipitation water infiltrates into the ground,under the influence of gravity,??height depending on soil characteristics and rainfall supply。在降雨期間,水滲入地下。在重力的影響下,這種水通過土壤顆粒間的孔隙向下流動直至水流到達(dá)不透水巖層為止。向下移動的過量水分,充滿了土壤顆粒之間的孔隙,擠出了土壤中的空氣。在雨水過多時,整個土壤剖面達(dá)到飽和狀態(tài),而在干旱時期就不存在飽和土壤。通常,飽和土壤的上部界限稱為地下水位,約在地面以下一米,其高度取決于土壤特性和降雨量。Lesson8When a barrier is constructed across?攔筑一條像壩的障礙時,水就被攔蓄在障礙物的上游并形成水塘,通常稱之為水庫。Broadly speaking?總而言之,被蓄集在水塘或湖泊里的水就稱為水庫。水庫所蓄的水可有多種用途。水庫根據(jù)其用途可分為以下幾類:①蓄水水庫②防洪水庫③配水水庫④綜合利用水庫。Storage or conservation reservoirs?蓄水水庫城市給水、灌溉供水或直接從河流中取水的水電工程或者溪流,在枯水期,也許不能滿足用戶的需要;在豐水期,由于洪水泛濫他們可能又無法發(fā)揮作用。蓄水水庫在洪峰期能攔蓄多余的水量,而在枯水期需要水的時候又能平緩的把水放出。Incidentally?順便提一下,蓄水出了今后的用水外蓄洪還可能減少書庫下游的洪水災(zāi)害。因此,數(shù)以哭可以用于防洪或者還有別的用途。前一種情況稱為“防洪水庫”,而后一種情況稱為“綜合利用水庫”。Flooding control reservoirs防洪水庫。防洪水庫一般稱之為減洪水庫,以攔蓄一部分洪水流量的方式降低洪峰,保護(hù)下游地區(qū),為了達(dá)到這一目的,流進(jìn)水庫的水是全部排放,直到排水流量達(dá)到下游河槽的安全泄量為止。超過這個血量的入流量就蓄存在水庫的,待洪峰消退后,再逐漸排放,為迎戰(zhàn)下一次洪水恢復(fù)蓄洪容積。Lesson11Dams are classified on the basis of the type and materials of construction… for the remainder of their :重力壩、拱壩、
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