【正文】 第一篇：過程裝備與控制工程專業(yè)英語翻譯 16Reading Material 16PressureVesselCodesHistory of Pressure Vessel Codes in the United StatesThrough the late 1800s and early 1900s, explosions in boilers and pressure vessels were firetube boiler explosion on the Mississippi River steamboat Sultana on April 27, 1865, resulted in the boat’s sinking within 20 minutes and the death of 1500 soldiers going home after the Civil type of catastrophe continued unabated into the early 1905, a destructive explosion of a firetube boiler in a shoe factory in Brockton, Massachusetts, killed 58 people, injured 117 others, and did $ 400000 in property 1906, another explosion in a shoe factory in Lynn, Massachusetts, resulted in death, injury, and extensive property this accident, the Massachusetts governor directed the formation of a Board of Boiler first set of rules for the design and construction of boilers was approved in Massachusetts on August 30, code was three pages 1911, Colonel , the president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, established a mittee to write a set of rules for the design and construction of boilers and pressure February 13, 1915, the first ASME Boiler Code was was entitled “Boiler Construction Code, 1914 Edition.” This was the beginning of the various sections of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, which ultimately became Section 1, Power first ASME Code for pressure vessels was issued as “Rules for the Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels, ” Section Ⅷ, 1925 rules applied to vessels over 6 diameter, volume over ft3, and pressure over 30 December 1931, a Joint APIASME Committee was formed to develop an unfired pressure vessel code for the petroleum first edition was issued in the next 17 years, two separated unfired pressure vessel codes 1951, the last APIASME Code was issued as a separated 1952, the two codes were consolidated into one codethe ASME Unfired Pressure Vessel Code,Section Ⅷ.This continued until the 1968 that time, the original code became Section Ⅷ, Division 1, Pressure Vessels, and another new part was issued, which was Section Ⅷ, Division 2, Alternative Rules for Pressure ANSI/ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is issued by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers with approval by the American National Standards Institute(ANSI)as an ANSI/ASME or more sections of the ANSI/ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel code have been established as the legal requirements in 47 states in the United States and in all provinces of , in many other countries of the world, the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is used to construct boilers and pressure of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel CodeThe ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is divided into many sections, divisions, parts, and of these sections relate to a specific kind of equipment and application。others relate to specific materials and methods for application and control of equipment。and others relate to care and inspection of installed following Sections specifically relate to boiler and pressure vessel design and ⅠPower Boilers(1 volume)Section ⅢDivision 1Nuclear Power Plant Components(7 volumes)Division 2Concrete Reactor Vessels and Containment(1 volume)Code CaseCase 1 Components in Elevated Temperature service(in Nuclear Code N47Case book)Section Ⅳ Heating Boilers(1 volume)Section ⅧDivision 1 Pressure Vessels(1 volume)Division 2 Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels(1 volume)Section Ⅹ FiberglassReinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels(1 volume)A new edition of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is issued on July 1 every three years and new addenda are issued every six months on January 1 and July new edition of the code bees mandatory when it addenda are permissive at the date of issuance and bee mandatory six months after that Pressure Vessel CodesIn addition to the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, which is used worldwide, many other pressure vessel codes have been legally adopted in various often occurs when vessels are designed in one country, built in another country, and installed in still a different this worldwide construction this is often the following list is a partial summary of some of the various codes used in different countries:AustraliaAustralian Code for Boilers and Pressure Vessels, SAA Boiler Code(Series AS1200): AS1210, Unfired Pressure Vessels and Class 1 H, Pressure Vessels of Advanced Design and Construction, Standards Association of Code Calculation Rules for Unfired Pressure Vessels, Syndicat National de la Chaudronnerie et de la Tuyauterie Industrielle(SNCT), Paris, KingdomBritish Code , British Standards Institution, London, Pressure Vessel Code, Ministry of LABOR, PUBLISHED BY Japan Boiler Association, Tokyo, Japan。Japanese Standard, Construction of Pressure Vessels, JIS B Gas Control Law, Ministry of International Trade and Industry, published by The Institution for Safety of High Pressure Gas Engineering , Tokyo, Pressure Vessel Code, National Association for bustion Control(ANCC), Milan, for Good Practice for the Construction of Pressure Vessels, Belgian Standard Institute(IBN), Brussels, Pressure Vessel Code, Tryckkarls Kommissioner, the Swedish Pressure Vessel Commission, Stockholm, Sweden.(Selected from : and , Structural Analysis and Design of Process Equipment, John Wiley amp。 Sons Inc.,1984.)閱讀材料16壓力容器規(guī)范美國(guó)壓力容器規(guī)范從18世紀(jì)晚期到19世紀(jì)早期，鍋爐和壓力容器爆炸事故頻發(fā)。1865年4月27日發(fā)生在密西西比河上的一艘名為Sultana的輪船的火管鍋爐爆炸事故，導(dǎo)致輪船在20分鐘內(nèi)沉沒，船上載著的1500名從內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中準(zhǔn)備回家的士兵死亡。類似的災(zāi)難在19世紀(jì)早期頻發(fā)。1905年在馬薩諸塞州的布羅克頓的一家鞋廠發(fā)生了一起嚴(yán)重的火管鍋爐爆炸事故，造成58人死亡，117人受傷以及大約40萬美元的損失。1906年，馬薩諸塞州的林恩市的另一家鞋廠再次發(fā)生一起爆炸事故，同樣造成了大范圍的人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。這起事故后，馬薩諸塞州州長(zhǎng)牽頭成立了鍋爐規(guī)范委員會(huì)。首部有關(guān)鍋爐設(shè)計(jì)和建設(shè)的法律與1907年8月30日在馬薩諸塞州頒布。這部法律有3頁。1911年，美國(guó)機(jī)械工程師學(xué)會(huì)(ASME)。1915年2月13日，首部ASME鍋爐法規(guī)正式頒布。名為“《鍋爐建造規(guī)范》1914版”。這部法規(guī)是繁雜的ASME鍋爐與壓力容器法規(guī)的開端，最終成為第一部分《動(dòng)力鍋爐》。ASME關(guān)于壓力容器的第一部法規(guī)叫做《無火壓力容器的建造規(guī)范》，第八部，1925版。3這部規(guī)范適用于直徑超過6英寸、壓力超過30帕的容器。1931年12月，一個(gè)名為APIASME聯(lián)合委員會(huì)的組織組建了起來，目的是為石油工業(yè)編寫無火的壓力容器規(guī)范。最初的版本出現(xiàn)在1934年。接下來的17年，出現(xiàn)了兩部獨(dú)立的壓力容器規(guī)范。1951年，最后一部獨(dú)立的APIASM