【正文】
I 中小企業(yè)信用問題治理研究 摘 要 摘要: 隨著世界各國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,無論是發(fā)達(dá)國家還是發(fā)展中國家,中小企業(yè)的數(shù)量在企業(yè)總數(shù)中占有絕大部分的比重,為社會人才輸出提供了大量的就業(yè)崗位,同時也創(chuàng)造了大量的國民財(cái)富, 目前中小企業(yè)已成為我國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長中 最具貢獻(xiàn)性和發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ囊徊糠?, 現(xiàn)如今,市場經(jīng)濟(jì)是契約經(jīng)濟(jì),更是信用經(jīng)濟(jì) [1]。信用同資金、品牌、技術(shù)、管理、信息等一樣,也是企業(yè)重要的生產(chǎn)要素,是企業(yè)資產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。在現(xiàn)代社會經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中,企業(yè)守信是市場經(jīng)濟(jì)基本的道德規(guī)范和經(jīng)濟(jì)倫理。這些企業(yè)的市場信譽(yù)尚未形成,作 為企業(yè)信用基礎(chǔ)的信用制度和信用管理體系的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于發(fā)達(dá)國家,社會信用體系發(fā)育程度低,相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)和失信懲罰機(jī)制不健全,導(dǎo)致信用次序相當(dāng)混亂,信用缺失 。失信對中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展尤其不利,直接制約著中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展,必須重視我國中小企業(yè)信用缺失的理論與實(shí)證研究,建設(shè)我國中小企業(yè)的信用,以便于中小企業(yè)長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展 。針對中小企業(yè)信用問題產(chǎn)生的原因和中小企業(yè)信用建設(shè)的實(shí)際 情況 ,本文從中小企業(yè)信用問題產(chǎn)生原因、 改善中小企業(yè)信用制度基礎(chǔ)、完善中小企業(yè)信用管理體系和加強(qiáng)中小企業(yè)信用管理等方面治理中小企業(yè)信用問題。 關(guān)鍵詞: 中小企業(yè) 融資 信用制度 信用 管理 II Abstract At present, the small and mediumsized enterprise has bee a part of our economic growth in the most contribution and development potential, But our country small and mediumsized enterprise universal existence deficiency of credit or credit instability. Credit for the development of small and mediumsized enterprises especially adverse, it directly restricts the development of small and mediumsized enterprises, must pay attention to the theoretical and empirical research on the lack of credit for small and medium enterprises in China, the construction of China39。s SME credit, so that the small and mediumsized enterprise longterm stable development. The actual situation for the cause of the credit problems of the small and mediumsized enterprises and small and mediumsized enterprise credit construction, causes, this article from the credit problem of small and medium enterprises to improve the credit system basis, perfect credit management system and strengthen credit management, management of small and medium enterprises credit problems. Key Words: Small and medium sized enterprises ; Financing Credit system; Credit management III 目 錄 引 言 ........................................... 5 一、信用與中小企業(yè)在市場經(jīng)濟(jì)活動中的關(guān)系 .................. 6 (二)市場經(jīng)濟(jì)是信用經(jīng)濟(jì) ........................................ 6 (二)信用對中小企業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的貢獻(xiàn) .......................... 7 活動對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長有一定的拉動力 ............................... 7 是經(jīng)濟(jì)主體提高了經(jīng)濟(jì)活動的質(zhì)量與效率 ....................... 7 (三)信用對經(jīng)濟(jì)活動的影響 ...................................... 8 企業(yè)信用缺失的困擾 ......................................... 8 債務(wù)拖欠問題的深層原因 ..................................... 8 應(yīng)收賬款 ................................................... 9 二、中小企業(yè)信用現(xiàn)狀 ................................. 9 (一)中小企業(yè)內(nèi)部信用問題 ...................................... 9 企業(yè)內(nèi)部信用管理觀念不強(qiáng) ................................... 9 信用基礎(chǔ)薄弱 ............................................... 9 部分業(yè)務(wù)人員素質(zhì)低 ........................................ 10 企業(yè)內(nèi)部信用管理機(jī)構(gòu)不健全 ................................ 10 (二)中小企業(yè)外部信用問題 ..................................... 10 融資信用不足 .............................................. 10 商業(yè)信用缺失 .......