【正文】 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 第 II 頁 輕型貨車螺旋彈簧離合器設(shè)計 Light Truck Spiral Spring Clutch Design 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 第 III 頁 摘 要 離合器裝在發(fā)動機(jī)與變速器之間，汽車從啟動到行駛的整個過程中，經(jīng)常需要使用離合器。它的作用是使發(fā)動機(jī)與變速器之間能逐漸接合，從而保證汽車平穩(wěn)起步；暫時切斷發(fā)動機(jī)與變速器之間的聯(lián)系，以便于換檔和減少換檔時的沖擊；當(dāng)汽車緊急制動時能起分離作用，防止變速器等傳動系統(tǒng)過載，起到一定的保護(hù)作用。離合器類似開關(guān)，接合或斷離動力傳遞作用，因此，任何 形式的汽車都有離合裝置，只是形式不同而已。 其結(jié)構(gòu)是否合理，性能是否與整車匹配，直接關(guān)系到汽車的操縱性、動力性及經(jīng)濟(jì)性。本論文主要研究離合器與整車的匹配性設(shè)計，具體內(nèi)容做了以下幾個方面 ： （ 1）根據(jù)設(shè)計的要求完成了汽車的總體設(shè)計，并且對汽車的結(jié)構(gòu)型式和主要參數(shù)進(jìn)行了選擇。 （ 2）對離合器的結(jié)構(gòu)方案進(jìn)行了分析對比， 選擇離合器形式 。 （ 3）根據(jù)前面的汽車總體設(shè)計，對離合器基本尺寸、參數(shù)進(jìn)行了選擇。 （ 4）對離合器各零部件進(jìn)行 選型、匹配性設(shè)計和校核計算 。 （ 5）對離合器操縱系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。通過對機(jī)械式操縱系統(tǒng)和液壓式 操縱系統(tǒng)特點(diǎn)的分析，并選取了液壓式式操縱系統(tǒng)，對其進(jìn)行了設(shè)計和尺寸計算。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 離合器 螺旋彈簧 匹配 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 第 IV 頁 Abstract The coupling installs between the engine and the transmission gearbox, the automobile from the start to the travel entire process, needs to use the coupling frequently. Its function is causes between the engine and the transmission gearbox can join gradually, thus guaranteed that the automobile starts steadily。 Shuts off between the engine and transmission gearbox39。s relation temporarily, is advantageous shifts gears and reduces shifts gears the time impact。 When automobile emergency brake can play the separation role, prevents transmission systems and so on transmission gearbox to overload, plays certain protective function. The coupling similar switch, the joint or breaks to the power transmission function, therefore, any form39。s automobile has the engaging and disengaging gear, is only the form is different. The structure of the clutch is reasonable or not, whether the performance matching to the total vehicle, is directly related to the automotive ease of use, vehicle dynamics and the economy. This paper studies the clutch and matching to the vehicle design. Specific content of the following aspects of the paper on the following main areas of research: (1) According to the design requirements of the automobile to plete the total design, and chose the structure type and the main parameters of the vehicle. (2) Compared to the structure of the Clutch, and chose the construction form of the clutch. (3) Under the previous car design, made a choice to the basic clutch size parameters. (4) Made Right clutch parts for the clutch parts selection, design and calculation of matching. (5) A clutch control system design. Through to the mechanical type control system and the hydraulic pressure type control system characteristic39。s analysis, and has selected the hydraulic pressure type control system, has carried on the design and the size putation to it. 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 第 V 頁 Key words: Clutch Spiral Spring Matching 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 第 VII 頁 目 錄 第 1 章 緒 論 ...................................................................................... 1 汽車離合器的發(fā)展 ..................................................................... 1 汽車離合器的作用 ..................................................................... 2 汽車離合器的分類和結(jié)構(gòu)原理 .................................................... 3 汽車離合器的分類 ......................................................... 3 汽車離合器的結(jié)構(gòu)原理 ................................................... 4 第 2 章 汽車總體設(shè)計 ............................................................................ 6 設(shè)計要求給出的參數(shù) .................................................................. 6 汽車總質(zhì)量的確定和型式選擇 .................................................... 6 汽車主要尺寸的確定 .................................................................. 7 汽車主要性能參數(shù)的選擇 ........................................................... 8 動力性能參數(shù) ................................................................ 8 燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性參數(shù) ............................................................. 8 汽車最小轉(zhuǎn)彎直徑 ......................................................... 9 發(fā)動機(jī)的選擇 ............................................................................ 9 發(fā)動機(jī)型式的選擇 ......................................................... 9 發(fā)動機(jī)主要性能指標(biāo)的選擇 .......................................... 10 輪胎選擇 ................................................................................ 12 本章小結(jié) ................................................................................ 12 第 3 章 離合器的工作特性和結(jié)構(gòu)型式的選擇 ........................................ 14 離合器的工作特性 ................................................................... 14 離合器接合過程分析及滑磨功計算 ................................ 14 摩擦副的摩擦磨損特性 ................................................. 15 離合器的熱負(fù)荷 ........................................................... 16 離合器型式的選擇 ................................................................... 17 周 置彈簧離合器 ........................................................... 17 中央彈簧離合器 ........................................................... 18 大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計 第 VIII 頁 膜片彈簧離合器 ........................................................... 18 本章小結(jié) ................................................................................ 18 第 4 章 離合器基本結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸和參數(shù)的選擇 ............................................ 20 離合器轉(zhuǎn)矩容量的確定 ............................................................ 20 基本性能關(guān)系式 ...................................................................... 21 摩擦片外徑的確定 ................................................................... 21 摩擦片后備系數(shù)的確定 ............................................................ 24 單位壓力的確定 ...................................................................... 24 摩擦片的一些約束條件 ............................................................ 25 最大圓周速度的約束 .................................................... 26 單位摩擦面積傳遞的轉(zhuǎn)矩的約束 ................................... 26