【正文】 I 我國(guó)廢舊汽車逆向物流體系及評(píng)價(jià)研究 摘要 : 汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)是我國(guó)的朝陽(yáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)， 當(dāng)前我國(guó)汽車保有量近億輛，廢舊汽車也以百萬(wàn)輛計(jì)算。如何有效地對(duì)這些廢舊汽車實(shí)施逆向物流，減少?gòu)U棄物對(duì)環(huán)境的污染，使有限的資源得到循環(huán)利用，是實(shí)現(xiàn)循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的必然要求。本文試圖通過(guò)研究，根據(jù)企業(yè)的自身規(guī)模進(jìn)行合理的市場(chǎng)定位，選擇一種最佳的逆向物流體系，實(shí)現(xiàn)最大的綜合效益。 本文首先分析了我國(guó)廢舊汽車逆向物流體系，并介紹了自主經(jīng)營(yíng)、聯(lián)合經(jīng)營(yíng)以及外包三種主要形式。然后以 H 公司為研究對(duì)象，選取經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、管理和技術(shù)幾個(gè)具有代表性的影響因素 ，根據(jù)專家咨詢及問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的結(jié)果建立指標(biāo)體系，運(yùn)用層次分析法對(duì)該體系進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)分析，進(jìn)而選擇最合適的一種方式，結(jié)果表明，對(duì) H 而言自己經(jīng)營(yíng)是最佳的方式。最后，對(duì)廢舊汽車逆向物流的完善和健康發(fā)展提出對(duì)策建議。 本文在研究過(guò)程中，充分的利用了層次分析法的條理性、層次性、兼容性及靈活性，使研究不但具有科學(xué)性，而且具有良好的普適性，為其他相關(guān)企業(yè)進(jìn)行決策時(shí)提供借鑒。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 廢舊汽車，逆向物流，層次分析法 II Abstract: Automotive industry is a promising industry in China. Currently, the total number of motor vehicles had reached about one hundred million and there are also millions of old cars in our country. Reversing logistics to these old cars effectively, lessening the pollution of these waste products on environment and recycling the limited resources are necessary to realize recycling economy and the lowcarbon economy. This paper aims to make a reasonable market orientation based on individual enterprise’s model so that they can make a best choice of reverse logistics to maximum the overall efficiency. This paper analyzes the system of the reverse logistics of Chinese automotive industry, and introduces three types of enterprises, including enterprise independent operation, joint operation of enterprise and outsourcing pany. Then this paper will regard H Company as subject and choose some typically influential factors, including economy, society, management and technology. Expert discussion and questionnaire investigation are the major methods used in this research project to establish the index system. The analytic hierarchy process is used to evaluate to the index system to choose a best way. As a result, the independent operation is best for H Company. Eventually, advises are provided to develop the reverse logistics of Chinese automotive industry. Coherent, hierarchy, patibility and flexibility of the analytical hierarchy process are used in the research, which makes this paper not only scientific, but also universal. What’s more, it could be a reference to the decision of pany. Keywords: old cars, reverse logistics, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) 目 錄 摘要 : ............................................................................................................................... I Abstract: ........................................................................................................................ II 1 緒論 ......................................................................................................................... 1 選題的背景 .................................................................................................. 1 選題的意義 .................................................................................................. 1 研究及實(shí)施現(xiàn)狀 .......................................................................................... 2 逆向物流 ........................................................................................... 2 廢舊汽車的逆向物流 ....................................................................... 3 本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 .................................................................................. 4 2 廢舊汽車逆向物流體系分析 ................................................................................. 5 逆向物流的相關(guān)概念 .................................................................................. 5 逆向物流 ........................................................................................... 5 逆向物流與正向物流的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系 ............................................... 5 廢舊汽車逆向物流的基礎(chǔ)理論 .................................................................. 6 廢舊汽車逆向物流概念界定及產(chǎn)生原因 ....................................... 6 廢舊汽車逆向物流的特征 ............................................................... 7 廢舊汽車逆向物流體系 .............................................................................. 8 廢舊汽車逆向物流的自主經(jīng)營(yíng) ....................................................... 9 廢舊汽車逆向物流的聯(lián)合經(jīng)營(yíng) ......................................................11 廢舊汽車逆向物流的外包回收方式 ............................................. 12 3 廢舊汽車逆向物流體系的選擇研究 ................................................................... 13 企業(yè)逆向物流選擇的實(shí)證方法 ................................................................ 13 廢舊汽車逆向物流體系選擇的影響因素分析 ........................................ 17 經(jīng)濟(jì)因素 ......................................................................................... 17 社會(huì)因素 ......................................................................................... 17 管理因素 ......................................................................................... 18 技術(shù)因素 ......................................................................................... 18 基于 H 公司的廢舊汽車逆向物流運(yùn)作的案例研究 ................................ 18 公司概況 ......................................................................................... 18 運(yùn)用層次分析法比較分析 ............................................................. 19 4 我國(guó)廢舊汽車逆向物流發(fā)展建議 ....................................................................... 29 企業(yè)自身發(fā)展策略 .................................................................................... 29 政府的政策策略 ........................................................................................ 29 行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)的策略 ........................................................................................ 30 5 結(jié)束語(yǔ) ............................................................................