【正文】 ?？粕厴I(yè)設(shè)計（論文） I 摘 要 倒車?yán)走_(dá)又稱泊車輔助系統(tǒng)， 是汽車泊車安全輔助裝置，能以聲音或者更為直觀的顯示告知駕駛員周圍障礙物的情況，解除了駕駛員泊車和起動車輛時前后左右探視所引起的困擾，并幫助駕駛員掃除了視野死角和視線模糊的缺陷，提高了安全性。 一般由超聲波傳感器（俗稱探頭）、控制器和顯示器等部分組成，現(xiàn)在市場上的倒車?yán)走_(dá)大多采用超聲波測距原理，駕駛者在倒車時，啟動倒車?yán)走_(dá)，在控制器的控制下，由裝置于車尾保險杠上的探頭發(fā)送超聲波，遇到障礙物，產(chǎn)生回波信號，傳感器接收到回波信號后經(jīng)控制器進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理，判斷出障礙物的位置，由顯示器顯 示距離并發(fā)出警示信號，得到及時警示，從而使駕駛者倒 車時做到心中有數(shù)，使倒車變得更輕松。倒車?yán)走_(dá)的提示方式可分為液晶、語言和聲音三種；接收方式有無線傳輸和有線傳輸?shù)?。本方案采用語音提示的方式， 本文介紹了以 SPCE061A 單片機為核心的一種低成本、高精度、微型化，并有數(shù)字顯示和聲光報警功能的倒車?yán)走_(dá)系統(tǒng) 。 利用 SPCE061A 單片機所具備的單芯片語音功能，外接三個超聲波測距模組，組成一個示例的倒車?yán)走_(dá)系統(tǒng)，語音提示報警（ ~）范圍內(nèi)的障礙物。 關(guān)鍵詞： 倒車?yán)走_(dá) ； 超聲波 ； 單片機 專科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） II Abstract Parking sensor, also known as parking assist system, the vehicle parking assist device security, voice, or be able to tell the driver a more intuitive display of the situation around the obstacle, to lift the drivers start parking and vehicle access around, caused bytrouble, and help the driver to remove the dead zone and blurred vision, and improves the by the ultrasonic sensors (monly known as probes), controls and displays and other ponents, parking sensor on the market today are mostly using ultrasonic ranging principle, the driver in reversing start reversing radar, under the control of the controller, the device wasrear bumper send ultrasonic probe encountered obstacles, generate echo signal, the sensor receives the echo signal data processing by the controller, determine the location of obstructions, and issued by the display shows the distance warning signaltimely warning, so be aware of drivers when reversing to make backup for reversing radar can be divided into liquid crystal, three kinds of language and sound。 to receive a wireless transmission and wired way program uses voice prompt manner, this paper, the SPCE061A MCU as the core of a lowcost, high accuracy, miniaturization, and a digital display and sound and light alarm function reversing radar of available SPCE061A singlechip microcontroller voice, add three ultrasonic ranging modules to form a sample of reversing radar system, voice alarm ( ~ ) within the barrier. Key words: parking sensor。 ultrasonic。MCU 專科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） III 目 錄 第 1 章 緒 論 ........................................................................................................... 1 第 2 章 實現(xiàn)功能 ..................................................................................................... 2 第 3 章 核心器件簡介 ............................................................................................. 3 SPCE061 芯片特性 .................................................................................... 3 SPCE061 簡介 ................................................................................. 3 芯片特性 ......................................................................................... 4 SPCE061A 精簡開發(fā)板 ............................................................................. 5 超聲波測距模組 ........................................................................................ 6 轉(zhuǎn)接板 ........................................................................................................ 9 第 4 章 系統(tǒng)總體方案介紹 ................................................................................... 12 第 5 章 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計 ........................................................................................... 14 SPCE061A ................................................................................................ 14 SPCE061A ..................................................................................... 14 電源模塊 ....................................................................................... 15 放音模塊 ....................................................................................... 15 超聲波測距模組電路原理 ...................................................................... 16 超聲波諧振頻率發(fā)生電路，調(diào)理電路 ....................................... 16 超聲波回波接受處理電路 ........................................................... 17 超聲波測距模組電源接口 ........................................................... 17 超聲波測距模式選擇跳線 ........................................................... 17 超聲波測距模組接口 ................................................................... 18 轉(zhuǎn)接板電路 .............................................................................................. 18 顯示電路 .................................................................................................. 19 第 6 章 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 ........................................................................................... 21 超聲波測距原 理 ...................................................................................... 21 軟件結(jié)構(gòu) .................................................................................................. 22 各模塊程序說明 ...................................................................................... 23 超聲波測距程序 ........................................................................... 23 語音播放程序 ............................................................................... 26 ?？粕厴I(yè)設(shè)計（論文） IV 顯示刷新程序 ........................................................