【正文】 題目院(系)建筑與土木工程學(xué)院專業(yè)班級土木工程專業(yè)080 班姓名禇盼學(xué)號0804050709指導(dǎo)教師任建喜日期2012年月日題 目：專 業(yè)：碩 士 生：(簽名)指導(dǎo)教師：(簽名)摘 要隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展以及城市現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的要求不斷提高，地下空間的開發(fā)和利用已顯得尤為重要。大型基坑工程是高層建筑和城市地下工程的重要組成部分，深基坑設(shè)計和施工技術(shù)成為熱點問題。本文以黃土地區(qū)西安市地鐵4號線大差市站深基坑工程為背景，結(jié)合具體工程環(huán)境和施工要求，通過對深基坑的不同圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)形式進(jìn)行比較與選型論證，確定深基坑圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的形式，并對圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行設(shè)計計算，以期為類似深基坑工程設(shè)計和施工提供指導(dǎo)。本文在第1章中介紹了深基坑的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、人們對其設(shè)計理論的研究狀況及重點研究方向；第2章主要介紹了基坑支護(hù)的一些常用方法及各自的特點；在第3章中，從排樁的計算、降水方面對深基坑計算理論進(jìn)行了闡述，最后還介紹了施工監(jiān)測方面的內(nèi)容；第4章通過對西安地鐵4號線大差市站的具體分析，運用前面講到的理論方法，對基坑支護(hù)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計；第5章確定大差市站基坑工程監(jiān)測方案；第6章對施工組織設(shè)計做了一個簡單的設(shè)計，著重介紹了降水、圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的施工工藝。關(guān)鍵詞Subject：Specialty ：Name： （Signature）Instructor：（Signature）AbstractWith the increasing demands of China’s rapid economic development and urban modernization, development and utilization of underground space has bee particularly important. The largescale excavation engineering is an important part of highrise buildings and urban underground engineering, deep foundation design and construction technology has bee a hot issue. Deep foundation pit of the loess region of Xi’an subway line on the 4th Dachashi Station, bined with projectspecific environmental and construction requirements, different envelope structure of the deep foundation with the selection of demonstration, to determine the design calculations, in order to provide guidance for similar deep foundation design and construction.Chapter 1 introduces the development situation of the deep foundation of its design theory, research status and focus of research 。 Chapter 2 introduces some monly used methods of excavation support system and their own characteristics。 In section 3 chapter, from the calculation of the row of piles, the precipitation aspects of deep puting theory expounded, and finally the construction of a monitoring ponent。 Chapter 4 by a specific analysis of the Xi’an subway Line 4 Dachaishi Station, use the front mentioned theoretical methods, the foundation pit support design。 Chapter 5 determines the foundation pit of the station monitoring program。 Chapter 6 of the construction design to do a simple design, focusing on precipitation, retaining structure the construction process.Key words:目 錄第1章 緒論........................................................................................................................1 深基坑工程的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r……...................................................................................................1 深基坑支護(hù)設(shè)計理論及計算方法研究現(xiàn)狀……...................................................................4 深基坑工程支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的原則……...................................................................................6 深基坑工程中存在的主要問題…...........................................................................................6 深基坑工程支護(hù)技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢……...................................................................................7第2章 基坑支護(hù)的主要內(nèi)容和方法……........................................................................8 基坑支護(hù)的內(nèi)容和特點……...................................................................................................8 基坑支護(hù)的主要內(nèi)容和功能…....................................................................................8…….............................................................................................9 基坑支護(hù)方法的概述….........................................................................................................10 排樁或地下連續(xù)墻的支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)……..........................................................................11 水泥土墻支護(hù)……......................................................................................................12 土釘支護(hù)......................................................................................................................13 逆作拱墻支護(hù)..............................................................................................................14 內(nèi)支撐支護(hù)..................................................................................................................14第3章 深基坑設(shè)計計算理論….......................................................................................16 土壓力計算…….....................................................................................................................16 靜止土壓力……..........................................................................................................16 填土面水平時的朗肯土壓力……..............................................................................17 地下連續(xù)墻止水帷幕…….....................................................................................................18 地下連續(xù)墻的分類……..............................................................................................19 地下連續(xù)墻的優(yōu)點……..............................................................................................19 地下連續(xù)墻止水帷幕的應(yīng)用…..................................................................................20 排樁設(shè)計…….........................................................................................................................20 嵌固深度計算..............................................................................................................21 樁內(nèi)力計算……..........................................................................................................21 降水設(shè)計…….........................................................................................................................22 管井降水一般計算方法…............................................................................................22 輔助降水……................................................................................................................23 施工監(jiān)測……...........................................................................................................................24 基坑監(jiān)測工作的基本原則……....................................................................................24 基坑監(jiān)測的主要內(nèi)容....................................................................................................24 基坑監(jiān)測過程的基本要求……....