【正文】 摘要 傳動(dòng)軸 的應(yīng)用都非常廣泛，它在生產(chǎn)生活的作用也就不言而喻，因此如何加工好一根傳動(dòng)軸就顯的尤為重要。傳動(dòng)軸因?yàn)樗挠锰幉煌?，在材料上有多種選擇，如果是在玩具或者模型中可以用塑料或木材制造，在工藝品中可以用玻璃水晶制造，在工廠里大部分用的是金屬材料，鋼材是金屬材料中的首選，鋼材價(jià)格現(xiàn)對(duì)便宜，在制造過程中經(jīng)過熱處理可以達(dá)到相應(yīng)的加工要求。 本文是在詳細(xì)說明一根傳動(dòng)軸如何由毛坯加工成型的全過程，確定傳動(dòng)軸的工藝性，軸的力學(xué)分析并要根據(jù)所得數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行選材及制定熱處理工藝，根據(jù)不同的要求做加工方法說明，從經(jīng)濟(jì)性及工藝性方面著手討論 。說明在加工過程中的難點(diǎn)并強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)注意問題。整個(gè)工藝規(guī)程必須確保加工質(zhì)量，可靠的達(dá)到產(chǎn)品圖樣所提出的全部技術(shù)條件，提高生產(chǎn)率，減少人力和物力的消耗，降低生產(chǎn)成本，盡可能的減少工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度。介紹工藝規(guī)程的組成 、 工用和制定程序，說明零件的機(jī)械加工結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性，結(jié)合生產(chǎn)實(shí)例重點(diǎn)分析定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇 、 零件表面加工方法的選擇 、 加工順序的安排 、 工序集中與分散的處理 、 加工階段的劃分 、 機(jī)床和工藝裝備的選擇 、加工余量和工序尺寸及公差的確定、工藝尺寸鏈的分析與解算等工藝過程設(shè)計(jì)和工序設(shè)計(jì)中的主要問題，簡(jiǎn)介計(jì)算機(jī)輔助工藝過程設(shè)計(jì)和工 藝過程優(yōu)化的基本知識(shí)，以理解和掌握機(jī)械加工工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計(jì)的基本原理和基本方法。 關(guān)鍵詞： 傳動(dòng)軸 金屬材料 加工余量 工藝過程優(yōu)化 Abstract The transmission shaft is widely used in the ancient and modern, and its function in the production and people39。s life is selfevident. Therefore, maching a piece of transmission shaft well is very important. Due to its various uses, the transmission shaft has many choices in the materials. The toys and model can be made by the plastic and the wood, and the handicraft can be processed by the crystal. The me ntal material is widely used in the factory. The price of the steel is relative cheap and can achieve the corresponding processing requirements after the heat treatment in the manufacturing process, therefore, it is preferred a lot by the manufacturers. The purpose of this paper is to state the whole process of the transmission shaft from the blanks to the products, confirm its manufacturability and its mechanical analysis of the shaft. Besides,according to the corresponding data,we should known how to select the material and make the heat treatment process. My discussion will start from its economy and manufauturability, and the processing instructions will be given following the different requirements. I will also explain the difficult points and emphasize the problems that we should be paid attention to. The whole manufacturing process must guarantee the quality, satisfy to all the technical conditions required by the product design, increase the productivity, reduce the consumption of the manpower and the material resources, low the production cost and reduce the labor intensity of the workers. The main parts of this paper will introduce the formation of the technological specification process, the skills and the procedures, explain the mechanical processing technology structure of the mechanical parts. Combining with the production examples, this paper39。s analysis will focus on the main questions in the process design, such as the selection of the locating datum and the parts surface39。s processing methods, the arrangement of the processing order , the treatment of the process centralized and decentralized, the processing stage division, the selection of the machine tool and process equipment, the determination of the maching allowance, the working procedure dimension and the tolerance, the calculating and the analysis in the technology dimension chain. What39。s more, the basic knowledge of the puter aided process design and the process optimization will be introduced in order to understand and master the basic principle and method of the maching process planing design. Key words: Transmission shaft Metal materials Machining allowance Process optimization 目錄 第一章 緒論 ......................................................... 1 第二章 傳動(dòng)軸工藝分析 ............................................... 2 一、傳動(dòng)軸的工作零件圖分析 ...................................... 2 二、傳動(dòng)軸效果圖 ................................................ 2 三、零件裝配圖 .................................................. 3 四、傳動(dòng)軸的加工類型及方法 ...................................... 3 五、零件的結(jié)構(gòu)分析 .............................................. 4 六、零件的技術(shù)要求分析 .......................................... 4 第三章 毛坯及刀具的選擇 ............................................. 6 一 、毛坯的選擇 ................................................. 6 二、刀具的選擇 .................................................. 6 三、加工階段的劃分 .............................................. 7 （一）加工階段的劃分 ......................................... 7 （二）如此劃分加工階段的目的 ................................. 7 （三）熱處理 ................................................. 8 第四章 確定加工工藝路線 ............................................ 10 一、加工次序分析 ............................................... 10 二、主要加工工序 ............................................... 10 第五章 加工余量、工序尺寸及其公差 .................................. 12 一、徑向工序尺寸及偏差的確定 ................................... 12 二、軸向工序尺寸及偏差的確定 ................................... 16 第六章 切削用量的確定 .............................................. 20 第七章 工時(shí)定額的確定 .......