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Proverbs 1. I can because I think I can. 我行,因?yàn)槲蚁嘈盼倚校? 2. Never say die. 永不氣餒 ! 3. Never put off what you can do today until tomorrow. 今日事今日畢。 4. The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today. 對(duì)明天做好的準(zhǔn)備就是今天做到最好! Writing ? 完整性( pleteness); ? 統(tǒng)一性( unity); ? 連貫性( coherence )同一時(shí)態(tài)、邏輯順序、連貫詞、重復(fù)詞、指代詞 . ? 主題句、關(guān)鍵詞 . 在作文的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中字?jǐn)?shù)也是一個(gè)要求。四、六級(jí)的作文要求是要寫出 120—150字。四、六級(jí)作文大都是三段式。如果我們?cè)诿恳欢沃袑懮纤木湓挘?主題句加兩三句擴(kuò)展句和一個(gè)結(jié)論句就可以了 。這樣全篇在十二句左右。每一句十多個(gè)詞,這樣就是 120—150字。同時(shí),不能寫得太多,寫得多容易跑題。在寫作時(shí),我們要橫向?qū)懽?,即寫某一?wèn)題的橫段面。例如,上面健康的重要性,只寫四句就可以了。 第一句主題句,第二句從正面論述,第三句從反面論述,第四句為結(jié)論句。 但有的同學(xué)在寫的時(shí)候說(shuō)“健康非常重要,”然后就寫“吃波萊非常重要”,因?yàn)椴ú撕胸S富的鐵,鐵對(duì)人是非常重要的,因?yàn)?… 這樣的作文的基本模式是A—BB—CC—DD—E以此類推。這就叫流水賬,沒(méi)有中心。我們寫作時(shí)要根據(jù)橫段面去寫,而不要寫成流水賬。避免寫成流水賬的方法是不要就前一句中的一個(gè)非重點(diǎn)詞再進(jìn)行描述。而要對(duì)主題句從橫段面去寫,寫完一個(gè)橫段面就不要再對(duì)這一橫段面進(jìn)行闡述了,應(yīng)當(dāng)去寫另一個(gè)橫段面。 如果我們感覺(jué)字?jǐn)?shù)不夠,就在每一句或某些句子上添加些詞就行了。例如我們感覺(jué)上邊第二段不夠長(zhǎng),就可以這樣來(lái)加詞: 十二句作文法 主題句 There are four ways to keep fit. There are four or more ways to keep fit for every one of : First, we should have our breakfast in the morning. Firstly, we should have our breakfast, such as milk, eggs, bread and so on, in the morning. Second, we should have a nap at noon. Secondly, we should have a short nap, even 30 minutes, at noon. Third, sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon. Thirdly, sports exercises are necessary for everyone and we can do some sports exercises in the afternoon. And fourth, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to music. And fourthly, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to both popular and classic music. 這樣以來(lái),只要保持本句的主體不變加添一些次要詞就能達(dá)到字?jǐn)?shù)的規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 大學(xué)四級(jí)考試寫作要求是文章切題(要求考生寫的作文不跑題)、條理清楚(每段的議論正反清楚)、語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確(語(yǔ)法、詞匯使用正確,符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣)、字?jǐn)?shù)符合要求(不少于120詞)。 一、確保文章切題的兩大技巧: 審題: 這是看到作文題目后第一件要做的事情,也是很重要的一件事。審題要著重解決以下兩個(gè)問(wèn)題: 體裁: 四級(jí)考題主要包括議論文、說(shuō)明文和描述文三種體裁,就考試趨勢(shì)來(lái)看,其作文不是單一的體裁而是多種體裁的綜合體。 快速成文口訣和快速成文模式 確定主題句 主題句是寫作不跑題的重要環(huán)節(jié)。四級(jí)考試多是提綱式作文,我們可以將中文提綱中的各句譯成英語(yǔ)作為主題句。如上例各段主題句分別為: 1. It is very necessary to get to know the world outside. 2. There are several ways to get to know the world outside. 3. To me, I will take the following ways: 另外,有時(shí)提綱為簡(jiǎn)短的英文要求句,如上例也可以這樣出題: 1. Necessity of getting to know the world outside. 2. Ways to do it. 3. My own practice. 這是我們的對(duì)策是將其進(jìn)行變換,使之成為主題句,擴(kuò)展形式與前同。 二、確保條理清楚技巧: 1.議論文 :正反論述要有條理。如上例第一段可以這樣寫:主題句 (It is very necessary to get to know The world outside. )+正面 (Familiar with the world outside, we can… . )+反面 (Otherwise, we will…) 。 2.說(shuō)明文 :各列條要清楚。如上例第二段可以這樣寫:主題句 (There are two ways to know the world. )+舉例 (Firstly… Secondly … ) 注意:舉例列條時(shí)最好選出很簡(jiǎn)潔的連詞或副詞,這樣會(huì)使文章寫得更有條有理。 3.描述文 :怎么做要有條理。如上例第三段可以這樣寫:主題句 (To me, I will take the following ways……)+ 具體描述.注意:主語(yǔ)要保持一致。 三、確保字?jǐn)?shù)符合要求的快速成文口訣:橫向?qū)懽鳎苷凑撌觯苤黝}不 變 \添非重點(diǎn)詞。 :指圍繞一個(gè)主題進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展,一段只有一個(gè)中心。四級(jí)作文多是三段式,可在每一段中采用“主題句 +兩三句擴(kuò)展句 +一句結(jié)論句”的模式。其中結(jié)論句多出現(xiàn)在議論文的體裁中。 2.正、反論述 。在實(shí)際考試時(shí)考生通常會(huì)由于緊張或平時(shí)積累不夠而感覺(jué)無(wú)法對(duì)主題句進(jìn)行充分的論證。這時(shí)就可采用正、反論述的方法快速成文。 3.主題不變,添非重點(diǎn)詞 。若感覺(jué)字?jǐn)?shù)仍不夠,可在保持主題不變的情況下,添加一些非重點(diǎn)詞。如上例第三段: ? There are two ways (for us)to know the world outside (out of the campus). (主題句 )Firstly,we may take the advantage of the media,such as reading the newspaper, (watching the television), surfing on the inter and so on. ? (擴(kuò)展句一 )Secondly, it’s also good to take a part—time job, such as tutoring (or working for a software pany). ? (擴(kuò)展句二 )(Any of these methods will enable us to get in touch with society. )(結(jié)論句 ) 1.現(xiàn)象分析 ,解決問(wèn)題型 : 第一段: It’s a mon phenomenon that/ We often hear that/ More and more attention has been focused on the problem of/The whole society should pay close attention to the problem of+問(wèn)題. The first reason is that/ Firstly+理由一. Besides/Secondly+理由二. (或 It brings not only/ It’s results may be+后果一. But also/ It will also bring the changes to our society such as+后果二. ) 第二段: As the reasons above, we should do something such as/ When we think about it, we find three constructive solutions. First,/ People have figured out many ways to solve the problem. Firstly+解決方法一. We can also/ Second/Secondly+解決方法二. +And finally+解決方法三. 第三段: Personally, I believe that/ In my opinion/ I think that/ To me/ I will take the following ways to solve the problem/ In my view+我的看法. 快速成文模式 2. 正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比型 第 —段: Some people/ person hold/ think/insist/ tend to think/ say that+觀點(diǎn) —. They point out/ believe that+理由一. Secondly/Additionally+理由二. 第二段: On the contrary/ However, Other people hold the view+觀點(diǎn)二. They argue that+理由一. What’s more + 理由二. 第三段: In my opinion/ So far as I am concerned/ I think/ As for me+我的觀點(diǎn). The reason is that+理由一。 And also十理由 So+結(jié)論. 道理論證型 第一段: People believe in the proverb+諺語(yǔ)owing to the moral it teaches; +諺語(yǔ)內(nèi)涵. 第二段: An example of this case is/ Examples can be easily found to make a case for this proverb+舉例. 第三段: In a word+結(jié)論. 圖表題 第一段: As we can see from/ According to/ As shown in the chart/ graph/ diagram, there is a minimal/ s1ight/ small/ steep/ dramatic/ rapid/ sudden/ steady/ slow/ gradual/ sharp increase/ rise/ decrease/ decline/ fluctuation/ reduction/droop of+圖表描述對(duì)象. 第二段: There are three mainly reasons responsible for this instance. For one thing+理由一。 For another+理由二. The last but not the least thing is that+理由三. 第三段: Although this graph/ chart/ table/diagram may not predict the entire situation in the future, I believe+預(yù)測(cè)?;?To solve this problem,there are a lot of things for us to do. +建議. I. Should Education Be Commercialized? l. 近些年社會(huì)上出現(xiàn)了教育商業(yè)化的趨勢(shì) 2. 有些人認(rèn)為教育可以也應(yīng)該商業(yè)化,有些人則持相反意見(jiàn) 3. 我的看法 With the fast development of economy, there is a tendency that education is being mercialized. People begin to associate education with money and believe that education can bring pro