【正文】 高中語法知識點總結(jié)八大時態(tài)基本用法總結(jié)八大時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時、一般將來時、過去將來時一般現(xiàn)在時：指經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,：動詞+ 原形 （如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞上要加（e）S）：am/is/are+not。此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don39。t,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn39。t，同時還原行為動詞。：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。：. It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.：一些動詞可用一般現(xiàn)在時來表達(dá)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：verbs of the senses: hear,see,taste,smellverbs of the thinking: believe,know,mean,realize,think,rememberverbs of the linking: dislike,fear,hate,like,love,wantverbs of the possession: belong,have,own,possess一般過去時：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.：含有Be動詞主語+was/were+......不含有be動詞：主語+動詞過去式+......：帶be:主語+was/were not+動詞原形+......不帶be：主語+didn39。t+動詞原形+......：含be動詞was或were放于句首；不含be動詞用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時還原行為動詞原型。：She often came to help us in those days.I didn39。t know you were so busy.She sang a song of Lin Feng yesterday[1].現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為。：now, at this time, these days, etc.：Be動詞、am/is/are+doing：Be動詞、am/is/are+not+doing.：把be動詞放于疑問詞的后面。：How are you feeling today?He is doing well in his lessons.7. 一般表示位移的詞如leave fly arrive go e. 等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表將來。I am flying Beijing next week .表示我下周即將飛往北京。He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 他明天即將去北京。過去進(jìn)行時：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作。：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。：was/were + doing：was/were + not + doing.：把was或were放于句首。：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.現(xiàn)在完成時：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.：have/has + done：have/has + not + done.：have或has提前。：I39。ve written an article.It has been raining these days.過去完成時：以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),by the time...,etc.：had + done.：had + not + done.：had放于句首。：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books一般將來時：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.：am/is/are + going to + do；will/shall + do.：am/is/are + not+going to。 在行為動詞前加will/shall(will適用于所有人稱，shall只用于第一人稱）：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。：They are going to have a petition with us in studies.It is going to rain.I think he will be back soon過去將來時：立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.：was/were + going to + do；would/should + do.：was/were + not + going to + do。would/should + not + do.：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there .2初中英語語法八大時態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①動詞原形 ②主語三單：動詞原形+s/es三種?？蓟居梅ǎ航?jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性動作Eg. I always get up early.客觀事實和普遍真理Eg. The earth goes around the sun.在時間狀語從句及條件狀語從句中,一般現(xiàn)在表將來If it doesn39。t rain, we will have a piic.其中,第三種用法就是學(xué)生們熟知的主將從現(xiàn)的原則,這一點大家務(wù)必掌握,此知識點會在初二學(xué)習(xí),同時也是中考重要考點.常見時間狀語：always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, at weekends, once a week, twice a month, etc.二、一般過去時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞的過去式基本用法：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)Eg. I got up late yesterday.過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作Eg. When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.常見時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1986, just now, at the age of 10, at that time, once upon a time, etc.三、一般將來時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/going to + do；②will/shall + do.基本用法：am/is/are/going to + do（人）計劃打算做某事Eg. I39。m going to go shopping with my mom tomorrow.（事）即將發(fā)生Eg. Look at the clouds, it39。s going to rain.will/shall do將來的動作和狀態(tài)（相對較長遠(yuǎn)）Eg. You39。ll have your own house in the future.禮貌詢問、客氣邀請Eg. Will you go with me?意愿Eg. I will do it for you.常見時間狀語：tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…), soon, the day after tomorrow, in+時間段（格外注意）,etc.四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞基本用法：此時此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作Eg. I am writing a letter now.現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作Eg. I am reading a book these days.常見時間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.五、過去進(jìn)行時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞基本用法：過去某時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作Eg. He was playing puter games when his father came home.過去某時段正在進(jìn)行的動作Eg. He was doing his homework while his mother was cooking.常見時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等.六、過去將來時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.基本用法：從過去時間點看將來,常用于賓語從句中.Eg. He said that he would marry her.常見時間狀語：the next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.七、現(xiàn)在完成時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + 過去分詞基本用法：過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果Eg. I have finished my homework.過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)Eg. We have waited for her for 2 hours.常見時間狀語：recently, lately, so far, up to now, since+時間點,for+時間段, in the past few years, etc.現(xiàn)在完成時是考試中的重點也是難點,具體會在課程中詳細(xì)講解,在此不加以贅述.八、過去完成時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + 過去分詞基本用法：以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為,即過去的過去.Eg. Just before the English class, I suddenly realized that I had left my English textbook at home.常見時間狀語：before, after, by the end of last year(month…),etc.不定冠詞不定冠詞a，an與one同源，表示微弱的一的概念，但并不強調(diào)數(shù)目，用來表示不確定的人或事物。a用在輔音前，而不是輔音字母前；an用在元音前，而不是元音字母前。a university in Asia1. 表示同類中的任何一個A cat has nine lives.2. 表示泛指的某人、某物I know a John Lennon，but not the famous one.3. 表示數(shù)量的He has a daughter.4. 表示單位數(shù)量的每一I earn 10 dollars an hour.5. 表示相同的The two birds are of a color.6. 用于集體名詞前He grows up in a large family.7. 在某種情況下可用于抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前China has a long history.定冠詞的用法1. 表示特定的人或物2. 表示地球、宇宙中獨一無二的事物主要指各種天體及世界上比較有影響的物體。 the sun，the moon，the earth3. 表示地點、方向、時間、方式等 at the corner 在拐角處(1) 在表示季節(jié)的名詞前常不用冠詞。 in spring 在春天(2) 具體某年的某個季節(jié)，需用冠詞。 in the summer of the year2008(3) 用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級前 the first the second(4) 用于形容詞前使其名