【正文】
、星期等名詞前,通常用零冠詞。 —Why don39。Don‘t trust such men as praise you to your face.(as作主語(yǔ)) 不要相信那種當(dāng)面吹捧你的人。如:I have some questions about the assignment. (希望得到肯定答復(fù))。特指時(shí)在其前加定冠詞。3. 從句表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。t as if he were poor. 他不像窮的樣子(他又不窮)。類(lèi)似詞有:begin,search,start, answer, sing, close, insist, read, learn, pay, hurt,等。5. 在固定結(jié)構(gòu)中使用as 例如:the same … as、as … as。Although/Though he was exhausted, he(still) kept on working.雖然他已經(jīng)精疲力竭了,但他仍然繼續(xù)工作。ll have to attend the ceremony whether you39。I39。若是一個(gè)復(fù)合句時(shí),要倒裝主句中的主謂部分。not...until...意為“直到……才……”。作連詞時(shí),常用于”Neither …nor …”結(jié)構(gòu),表示既不也不,用來(lái)連接倆個(gè)并列成分。t worry about it.這件事他無(wú)需擔(dān)心?!皀eed”作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),通常用法是:人+need+to do物+need+doing物+need+to be done另外,“need”后還可以直接跟名詞。 love our motherland. 我們熱愛(ài)我們的祖國(guó)。(這里的hers=her book)只有上文提及了某個(gè)名詞,才會(huì)知道名詞性物主代詞指代的事物。This book belongs to me.用名詞性物主代詞,一般來(lái)說(shuō),人稱代詞都要有所變化,特別是I,不是mys,要注意。t tell me when we should meet 。主語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)置于主句尾,賓語(yǔ)從句之前。(to為介詞,意為習(xí)慣(做)……,后接名詞,代詞或動(dòng)名詞形式)合成介詞包括into,within,throughout,inside,outside,without等重疊介詞包括from among 從...當(dāng)中from behind 從...后面,until after 直至...之后,at about 在大約...,after about 在大約...之后等短語(yǔ)介詞一個(gè)或兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單介詞和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)其他詞類(lèi)構(gòu)成一個(gè)短語(yǔ),作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)介詞,這就叫做短語(yǔ)介詞。1介詞分類(lèi)介詞又稱作前置詞,表示它后面的名詞或代詞(或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類(lèi)、短語(yǔ)或從句)與其他句子成分的關(guān)系。在不定式前只能用whether。連接代詞主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。,例如:The life I have is yours. It39。(單獨(dú)使用大家不知是怎么回事,不可以這樣用。s(本的什么東西)。2.We needn39?!皀eed”作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法:一、need表示“需要”或“必須”,通常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。 作代詞時(shí),意為倆個(gè)都不,表示全部否定,其反意詞是both(倆個(gè)都),做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式,此時(shí),可與介詞of 連接,構(gòu)成neither of+名詞/代詞賓格結(jié)構(gòu)。這時(shí)until可譯作“直到……為止”。一.由until(或till)構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)或引起的從句在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),如果是肯定句,句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的;在否定句或含有否定意義的句子中,句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,既可是非延續(xù)性的,也可以是延續(xù)性的。s proper to sayThank you.只要任何人替你做了一件事,不管事情多么微不足道,也不管他是你的上司還是你的仆人,你都應(yīng)該說(shuō)聲謝謝。Lover of towns as I am, I realize that I owe a debt to my early country life.盡管我愛(ài)城市,但我知道,以往的鄉(xiāng)村生活使我受益匪淺。用法(1)though,although表示雖然,縱然之意這兩個(gè)連詞意思大致相同,在一般情況下可以互換使用。3. as有時(shí)也可用作關(guān)系代詞 。3. 兼作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞2. 注意It isn39。 neither willing to lose the game. Do you want tea or coffee? Either. I really don39。可單獨(dú)使用,也可后接名詞。比較: He is such a nice boy that everyone likes him. He is such a nice boy as everyone likes.It is so difficult a problem that nobody can work it out. It is so difficult a problem as nobody can workout.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),通常指的不是主句中的某一個(gè)名詞(先行詞),而是指整個(gè)主句表達(dá)的內(nèi)容,對(duì)主句所作的陳述進(jìn)行附加說(shuō)明,意為―這...,如...或正如...‖。3) as的用法as作關(guān)系代詞,用來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句:限制性定語(yǔ)從句和限非制性定語(yǔ)從句 一、as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),通常和such, the same, as(so)等連用,構(gòu)成such...as/such as, the same...as/the same as, as(so)...as等結(jié)構(gòu),在從句中可作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。在復(fù)習(xí)中,一定要注意句式的不同。at table (英)在吃飯 / at the table (美)在吃飯。 The students are too lazy. 這些學(xué)生太懶。 在行為動(dòng)詞前加will/shall(will適用于所有人稱,shall只用于第一人稱):be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。:She often came to help us in those days.I didn39。:. It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.:一些動(dòng)詞可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表達(dá)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):verbs of the senses: hear,see,taste,smellverbs of the thinking: believe,know,mean,realize,think,rememberverbs of the linking: dislike,fear,hate,like,love,wantverbs of the possession: belong,have,own,possess一般過(guò)去時(shí):過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),by the time...,etc.:had + done.:had + not + done.:had放于句首。 in the summer of the year2008(3) 用于序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)前 the first the second(4) 用于形容詞前使其名詞化 the rich the poor(5) 用于復(fù)數(shù)姓氏前,表示―夫婦‖或全家 The Smiths(6) 用于樂(lè)器名詞前 play the piano(7) 用于by + the + 計(jì)量單位名詞 by the pound1. 用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞前復(fù)數(shù)名詞泛指某類(lèi)人或物時(shí),其前通常用零冠詞。另外,這類(lèi)名詞前用不用冠詞有時(shí)與英美英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)習(xí)慣有關(guān)。s no use talking to him./ It39。. e) 先行詞既有人,又有物時(shí)。As many soldiers as marched were killed. 很多游行的戰(zhàn)士都被殺了。常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用。而 either 表肯定意義,意為(兩者中的每一個(gè))都。I feel as if I39。后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)意義才完整的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,叫做及物動(dòng)詞(transitive verb).如:I believe that the mittee will consider our .“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry :“這本書(shū)我可以借多久?”Dr. Bethune set us a good example. 白求恩大夫給我們樹(shù)立了好榜樣.Crude oil contains many useful .常見(jiàn)的及物動(dòng)詞,如:have,eat,say, find, see,buy,cut, catch, invent, make, take, tell等。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞和區(qū)別都有什么非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞即引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞①引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞: as, which, who②引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系副詞主要有: when, where。 whether...or...。Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.(=Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.)雖然他是一個(gè)孩子,但他知道該做什么。No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are, you must keep the law.)不管你是誰(shuí),你都需要遵紀(jì)守法。But whether it39。I tell you this, I will not rest until that day has ,不到那天我不會(huì)休息。Neither:既,可作代詞,副詞,或連詞,也可作形容詞。(5)She is a volunteer, so am ,我也是。t后的不定式間或也能用進(jìn)行式或被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。名詞性物主代詞是在物體已經(jīng)指出的情況下用來(lái)代替已知物體的物主代詞,后面不需要加上已知名詞。3. 注意:在使用名詞性物主代詞時(shí),必須有特定的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境,也就是要省略的名詞大家已經(jīng)提起過(guò)。s.His cap意為T(mén)he cap is his.2) 名詞性物主代詞的句法功能,例如:May I use your pen? Yours works better我可以用一用你的鋼筆嗎? 你的筆比我的好用。主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句為任意時(shí)態(tài)。例句:I am sorry I am late.I am glad that you can join us.Are you sure his answer is right?常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的形容詞有:sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedif與whetherif和whether在作是否理解時(shí),引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句常放在動(dòng)詞know, ask, care, wonder, find out等之后,介詞后一般不用if。that在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。常用的有:considering,regarding,respecting,including。賓語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)是this,that或those,these做主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。部分動(dòng)詞+副詞結(jié)構(gòu)也可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句。意思是:后面是名詞的話,前面就要用 形容詞性物主代詞。用法:1)物主代詞既有表示所屬的作用又有指代作用.例如:John had cut his finger。 likes my house. I don39。3.My car needs repairing.我的汽車(chē)需要修理。t have worried.其實(shí)我們不必要慌。(2)Neither my parents nor I like playing basketball .我父母和我都不喜歡打籃球。三、until用作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句表示的如果還沒(méi)有發(fā)生,習(xí)慣上也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)而不用一般將來(lái)時(shí),也就是說(shuō)當(dāng)主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)(或主句是祈使句時(shí)),until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如:I worked from morning till late at night.There was a beautiful Mozart concert on the radio from six o′clock until a quarter past seven.(3)在“good—bye till …”及“up till…”中,till不能用until 替代。此外,有時(shí)while也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,但一般要位于句首。s true.無(wú)論你是否相信,這都是真的。例如:She passed the examination though she had not studied very hard.她雖然不用功學(xué)習(xí),考試卻及格了。故用which。例如:get與介詞結(jié)合可以構(gòu)成多個(gè)短語(yǔ),其意義不同。She looks as if she were ten years younger.她看起來(lái)好像年輕了十歲。He opened his mouth as if he would