【正文】 1說明：論文的格式，字號等項目參照如下范例撰寫，本刊審稿為盲審制，投稿正文請不要出現(xiàn)作者信息和基金項目等內(nèi)容，但修改稿需補充完整（紅色部分）。調(diào)虧灌溉對冬小麥耗水特性和水分利用效率的影響作者姓名(作者地址)摘 要 以高產(chǎn)中筋冬小麥品種濟麥 22 為材料，在山東兗州小孟鎮(zhèn)史王村進行田間試驗，研究了調(diào)：在全生育期降水 228 mm 條件下，W 1（土壤相對含水量：播種期 80%+拔節(jié)期 70%+開花期 70%）和 W4（土壤相對含水量：播種期 90%+拔節(jié)期 85%+開花期 85%）處理總耗水量高于 W0（土壤相對含水量：播種期 80%+拔節(jié)期 65%+開花期 65%） 、W 2（土壤相對含水量：播種期 80%+拔節(jié)期 80%+開花期 80%）和 W3（土壤相對含水量：播種期 90%+拔節(jié)期 80%+開花期 80%）處理，W 1和 W4處理間無顯著差異；W 1處理增加了 0～200 cm 土層土壤貯水消耗量，降低了小麥拔節(jié)至開花期的耗水模系數(shù)，提高了開花至成熟期的耗水模系數(shù)；W 4處理在開花至成熟期、W 0處理水分利用效率較高，但產(chǎn)量最低；隨灌溉量增加， W1和 W4處理產(chǎn)量也最高，W 1處理灌溉水利用效率和灌溉效益均高于 W4處理，為本試驗條件下高產(chǎn)節(jié)水的最佳處理. 關(guān)鍵詞 冬小麥 調(diào)虧灌溉 耗水特性 水分利用效率Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on water consumption characteristics and water use efficiency of winter wheat. 作者姓名英文(作者地址英文)Abstract：Field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of regulated deficit irrigation on water consumption and water use efficiency（WUE）in wheat plants (cv. Jimai 22) at Shiwang Village, Yanzhou, Shandong, China. Under 228 mm annual precipitation precondition, the water consumption amount of treatment W1 (with soil relative water content (SRWC) of 80%, 70% and 70% at sowing, jointing, and anthesis stages, respectively) and W4 (with SRWC of 90%, 85% and 85% at sowing, jointing, and anthesis stages, respectively) were significantly higher than those of W0 (with SRWC of 80%, 65% and 65% at sowing, jointing, and anthesis stages, respectively), W2 (with SRWC at sowing, jointing, and anthesis stages of 80%, 80%, and 80%，respectively), and W3 (with SRWC of 90%，80% and 80% at sowing, jointing, and anthesis stages, respectively). Compared with W4, the treatment W1 increased the ratio of soil water consumption amount to water consumption amount, used more water in 0200 cm soil layers, and it decreased water consumption percentage from jointing to anthesis stages, whereas increased that from anthesis to maturity stages. The water consumption percentages of W4 at both stages from jointing to anthesis and anthesis to maturity were higher. Under regulated deficit irrigation condition, although the WUE of treatment W0 was higher, its grain yield was lowest. The WUE of other treatments firstly increased, thereafter decreased with increasing irrigation amount. Treatments W1 and W4 with the highest water consumption amount had the highest grain yield. Furthermore, the irrigation water use efficiency and irrigation benefit of treatment W1 were significantly higher than those of W4. Thus, based on the experimental results, it was suggested that the irrigation regime of treatment W1 would be the optimal one in terms of sustainable use of water resource.Key words: winter wheat。 regulated deficit irrigation。 water consumption characteristics。 water use efficiency.2本文由 資助 This work was supported by .Received, Accepted.*通訊作者 Corresponding author. Email: ％，而灌溉面積卻占全國灌溉面積的 40％，耕地單位面積水資源量約為全國平均值的 25%，供需矛盾突出 [1].該區(qū)大部分地區(qū)常年降雨量為 500～700 mm，且主要集中在夏季，冬小麥生長期間降水量少，不能滿足生長發(fā)，減少灌溉用水，提高水分利用效率，是冬小麥生產(chǎn)迫切需要解決的問題. 調(diào)虧灌溉是調(diào)控土壤植物大氣之間的關(guān)系，降低水分消耗、關(guān)于大田作物調(diào)虧灌溉的研究國內(nèi)外進展較快，并主要集中在棉花、玉米和小麥上 [23].研究表明，適時適度的水分調(diào)虧可顯著抑制冬小麥的蒸騰速率，而光合速率下降不明顯，復(fù)水后光合速率具有補償效應(yīng)，有利于光合產(chǎn)物向籽粒轉(zhuǎn)運，抑制營養(yǎng)生長，促進生殖生長，提高小麥籽粒產(chǎn)量、收獲指數(shù)及水分利用效率 [4].在西北干旱地區(qū)，冬小麥水分虧缺程度可達到田間持水量的 45%~50%，對作物產(chǎn)量沒有不利影響，但可明顯提高作物水分利用效率 [56].孟兆江等 [7]研究表明，在冬小麥三葉至返青期進行 40%~60%田間持水率處理，調(diào)虧處理平均比對照增產(chǎn) %~%，節(jié)水 %~%, 水分利用效率提高%~%；也有研究指出，在冬小麥不同時期進行不同的調(diào)虧灌溉處理有利于冬小麥利用有限的土壤水分資源 [8]，在拔節(jié)和開花期虧缺灌溉可促進小麥根系生長，提高土壤水分利用效率 [9]，隨著灌溉量和降雨量的增加，冬小麥利用土壤底墑水的能力下降 [10].但有關(guān)冬小麥調(diào)虧灌溉技術(shù)尚不完善，還有待深入，以土壤目標相對含水量為基礎(chǔ)，通過準確定量，研究調(diào)虧灌溉對冬小麥耗水特性和水分利用效率的影響，為制定冬小麥高產(chǎn)節(jié)水栽培技術(shù)提供理論依據(jù).1 材料與方法 試驗材料與試驗設(shè)計試驗于 2022—2022 年在山東省兗州市小孟鎮(zhèn)史王村（176。 N，176。 E）大田進行，供試材料為高產(chǎn)中筋冬小麥品種濟麥 0~20 cm 土層土壤養(yǎng)分含量為：有機質(zhì) g?kg全氮 g?kg堿解氮 mg?kg速效磷 mg?kg速效鉀 mg?kg1. 小麥生育期間降水量為：播種至拔節(jié)期 mm、拔節(jié)至開花期 mm、開花至成熟期 0～20 cm、20～40 cm、40～60 cm、 60～80 cm、80～100 cm、100～120 cm 和 120～140 cm 土層土壤田間持水量分別為%、%、% 、%、% 、%和