【正文】 動詞 謂語動詞 時態(tài)、語態(tài) 虛擬語氣 非謂語動詞 不定式 動名詞 分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞 過去分詞 動詞的分類 語態(tài) 時態(tài) 主動 被動 一般現(xiàn)在時 v. / am /is /are + 一般過去時 ved was / were + 一般將來時 will + v. will be + 過去將來時 would + v. would be + 過去完成時 had + had been + 現(xiàn)在完成時 have /has + have /has been + 將來完成時 will have + will have been + 現(xiàn)在進行時 am /is / are + Ving am /is /are + being + 過去進行時 was /were + Ving was /were + being + 時態(tài)和語態(tài)的主要考點 考查在語境中判斷動詞時態(tài)的運用能力。?？嫉臅r態(tài)為： 一般現(xiàn)在、一般過去、一般將來、現(xiàn)在進 行、過去進行、現(xiàn)在完成、過去完成、現(xiàn)在完成進行、過去將來等。 時間、條件、讓步等 狀語從句中動詞的時態(tài) ； 主從句時態(tài) 呼應(yīng)問題。 幾種時態(tài)的替代問題 . 近三年動詞的時態(tài)在高考中的考點 考點 年號 一 般 體 進 行 體 將 來 體 完 成 體 完 成 進 行 體 2020 24 26 2020 29 29 2020 23 最常用的幾種時態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配 一般現(xiàn)在 every …, sometimes, at …, on Sunday 現(xiàn)在進行 now, 現(xiàn)在完成 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般過去 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now 過去進行 this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening… when, while 過去完成 …before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 一般將來 next…, tomorrow, in… 過去將來 多用在間接引語中表示發(fā)生在謂語動作以后的動作 1 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法 1） 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作 1. I ______ pingpong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. A .will play B. have played C. played D. play glasses ? Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago. A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. would you see D. Have you seen will see to it that every child in the nation ____ good education ,especially those in the poor countryside. A. get B. will get C. gets D .would get 1 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法 2） 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實或表示格言或警句。 ① Knowledge begins with practice. ② She said that the sea water is salty. ③ In some parts of the world, such as in England , tea ____ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. serves C. is served D. served ④ The girl ____ weight recently. Yes , she _____ too much. A. has gained ,is eating B. gains ,eats C. is gaining, ate D. is gaining ,eats 1 一般現(xiàn)在時的用法 3） 按火車、汽車、飛機等時刻表將要發(fā)生的事。此時句中有時有將來的時間狀語，但不用將來時。此時主主語是物：車，船，飛機等 The train leaves at three this afternoon. 4） 在時間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。 ① If it is fine tomorrow ,we will go to the countryside. ② Put these glasses away before they _____. OK. I’ll put them in the cupboard. A. have broken B. are breaking C. get broken D. will be broken ③ I’ve brought my tennis things along in case we _____ time for a game tomorrow. A. shall have B. have C. will have D. are going to have ④ Can I drive on the free way, Mr Green? You can when you _____ a bit more skilled. A. will get B. are getting C. will have got D. get 2 一般過去時的用法 1）表示過去發(fā)生的，和現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系的動作或狀態(tài)。 ! Someone has spilt （溢出） coffee on the carpet.（地毯） Well , it _____ me. A. isn’t B. wasn’t C. hasn’t been D. hadn’t been ’ve bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. Oh, how good a dad! But she doesn’t like sweet things. _____ that? A. Don’t you know B. Haven’t you known C. Didn’t you know D. Hadn’t you known Mary in the office when you arrived there? Yes , but she _____soon afterwards. A. had left B. left C. would leave D. will leave 2 一般過去時的用法 2） 注意：一般過去時與過去進行時的區(qū)別 ： 一般過去時表示一個完成的動作，而過去進行時則表示一個沒有完成且正在進行的動作。 ① I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我 寫了 一封信。（信已寫完） ② I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我 在寫 一封信。（正在寫，不一定寫完） Tommy finished his job yet? I have no idea of it 。 he ____ it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did she ____ the newspaper, Granny ______asleep. A . read, was falling B. was reading ,fell C. was reading, was falling D. read ,fell morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness_____. A. has grown B. is growing C. grew D. had grown ’m sorry , I shouldn’t have been so rude to you. You _____ your temper but that’s OK. A. have lost B. had lost C. did lose D. were losing. 3. 一般將來時 1 .一般將來時表示計劃、打算、企圖做某事或來注定要發(fā)生的事情。 2 .表示將來時的四種形式 ① will /shall +動詞原形 ② be going to do ③ be about to do(正要干什么 ) ④ be to do ① be going to 有很強的計劃性，打算干什么，而 will表示談話時臨時決定的意圖，具有臨時性和偶然性。 The telephone is ringing. I _____ answer it. A. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to Alice, why didn’t you e yesterday? I _____, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did ② be going to 可用來表達某種跡象要發(fā)生的事。而will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain. 3. be to和 be going to ① 表示約定、計劃或職責(zé)、義務(wù)要求即將發(fā)生的動作。 ② be to do 安排將要干什么，有很強的計劃性，有時 =be going to be to 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事 . be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. I39。m going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 4． be about to do 表示 “ 正要干什么 …‖ ， 表示即將發(fā)生的動作， 不與表示將來的時間狀語連用 。 常與 when 連用， when 此時意思： 就在這時，是并列連詞 構(gòu)成句型： … be abou