【正文】 學(xué)校代碼： 10223 分類號(hào):學(xué) 號(hào)： 密 級(jí): 專 業(yè) 學(xué) 位 碩 士 論 文養(yǎng)分管理對(duì)七星農(nóng)場(chǎng)水稻產(chǎn)量品質(zhì)的影響研 究 生： 唐慶剛指導(dǎo)教師： 鄭桂萍 教授第二導(dǎo)師： 那永光 研究員類別(領(lǐng)域)： 農(nóng)業(yè)推廣（作物）培養(yǎng)方式： 非全日制培養(yǎng)學(xué)院： 農(nóng)學(xué)院中國(guó) 大慶2022. 10I / 42獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明本人聲明所呈交的論文是我個(gè)人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。盡我所知，除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外，論文中不包含其他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫(xiě)過(guò)的研究成果，也不包含為獲得黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)或其它教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或證書(shū)而使用過(guò)的材料。與我一同工作的同志對(duì)本研究所做的任何貢獻(xiàn)均已在論文中作了明確的說(shuō)明并表示了謝意。 研究生簽名： 日期： 年 月 日關(guān)于論文使用授權(quán)的說(shuō)明本人完全了解黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，即：學(xué)校有權(quán)保留送交論文的復(fù)印件和磁盤(pán)，允許論文被查閱和借閱，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存、匯編學(xué)位論文。同意黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)可以用不同方式在不同刊物上發(fā)表，傳播學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容。 (保密的學(xué)位論文在解密后應(yīng)遵守此協(xié)議)研究生簽名： 導(dǎo)師簽名：日期： 年 月 日 日期： 年 月 日 摘 要建三江水稻面積 1000 多萬(wàn)畝，占?jí)▍^(qū)水稻面積 2350 萬(wàn)畝的 %，占全省水稻面積的六分之一，其水稻品質(zhì)的優(yōu)劣、產(chǎn)量的高低直接影響到墾區(qū)及全省的水稻現(xiàn)狀。本研究于 2022 年開(kāi)展，以建三江七星農(nóng)場(chǎng)為研究區(qū)域，探討龍慶稻 3 號(hào)和三江 6 號(hào)不同養(yǎng)分管理下產(chǎn)量品質(zhì)的差異及機(jī)理。試驗(yàn)采用隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計(jì)，進(jìn)行化肥+生物有機(jī)肥、減氮+生物有機(jī)肥、減氮+生物有機(jī)肥+ 硅、減氮+生物有機(jī)肥 +鋅的效果研究。主要研究結(jié)果如下：+歸復(fù)記生物有機(jī)肥 300kg/hm2,能夠顯著提高分蘗數(shù)、葉面積指數(shù)、地上部生物量以及吸氮量、公頃穗數(shù)與穗粒數(shù)，最終使兩品種產(chǎn)量分別提高 %與 %。增施歸復(fù)記生物有機(jī)肥 300kg/hm2+減氮 20%處理兩水稻品種的分蘗數(shù)、葉面積指數(shù)、地上部生物量以及吸氮量均與常規(guī)施肥無(wú)明顯差異，產(chǎn)量與產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成因子也均無(wú)明顯差異，而水稻株高顯著下降、抗病性顯著升高、氮素偏生產(chǎn)力顯著提高。減少氮肥 20%有提高水稻品質(zhì)的趨勢(shì)，兩品種水稻優(yōu)質(zhì)栽培模式為減氮 20%+增施歸復(fù)記生物有機(jī)肥300kg/hm2+基施鋅肥 5kg/hm2 處理與減氮 20%+增施歸復(fù)記生物有機(jī)肥 300kg/hm2+噴施硅肥 。、提高葉面積指數(shù)、地上部生物量及吸氮量、提高了水稻褐變穗的抗病性，最終增加了公頃穗數(shù)，龍慶稻 3 號(hào)和三江 6 號(hào)分別增產(chǎn) %和%；增施鋅肥后稻米的精米率和整精米率均顯著提高，降低了堊白度，不僅提高了直鏈淀粉含量，也降低了蛋白質(zhì)含量，大大改善了稻米的品質(zhì)。、褐變穗的發(fā)病率與病情指數(shù)。葉面噴施有機(jī)硅處理水稻的葉面積指數(shù)、地上部生物量與吸氮量以及公頃穗數(shù)有增高趨勢(shì)，但差異不顯著，最終也沒(méi)有顯著增產(chǎn)。噴施硅肥后龍慶稻 3 號(hào)提高了整精米率、降低了堊白率，三江 6 號(hào)也表現(xiàn)類似趨勢(shì)。直鏈淀粉分別提高了 %與 %，蛋白質(zhì)分別降低了 %與 %。關(guān)鍵詞：七星農(nóng)場(chǎng)；生物有機(jī)肥；硅；鋅；水稻品質(zhì)I / 42AbstractHigh yield and good quality of rice in cold area are not only influenced by geic factors, but also by the environment and the cultivation technique during the rice growth. So it is the result of geic and environmental interactions. The area of rice growth in Jiansanjiang is more than 10 million mu, which is accounting for % of farming areas of Heilongjiang Province and % of rice growing area in Heilongjiang Province. The yield and quality of rice in Jiansanjiang are very important for rice growing in Heilongjiang Province. Therefore, the study for effects of different nutrient management on rice yield and quality in Qixing farm is needed. In this study, we conducted field plot experiments in the research and development center of Qixing farm in 2022 and Longqingdao 3 and Sanjiang 6 used as the study rice varieties. The 5 different nutrient management treatments were set up. The results were as follows:Two varieties of high yield cultivation model was conventional fertilization and increasing biological anic fertilizer treatment. Two varieties of rice in increased biological anic fertilizer treatment can significantly improve the tillering number, leaf area index, aboveground biomass and nitrogen uptake, and the panicle number per hectare and grain number per spike of botnrice varieties. Eventually yield and partial factor productivity for nitrogen (PFPN) were significantly increased. Moreover, Increase biological anic fertilizer and decreased N treatment was no difference with conventional fertilization treatment for rice yield, but the PFPN was significantly increased and disease resistance were also significantly improved.In addition, the quality of the rice under increasing biological anic fertilizer treatment had no significant difference from the of fertilizer nitrogen 20% had a tendency to improve rice quality of both varieties of rice, cultivation mode of high quality to reduce nitrogen 20% + increased 300 kg/hm2 adapt to Guifuji biological anic fertilizer rates + base zinc fertilizer 5 kg/hm2 processing and reduce nitrogen 20% + increased 300 kg/hm2 adapt to remember biological anic fertilizer rates + spraying silicon fertilizer L/hm2.Increasing zinc (Zn) fertilizer treatment could significantly increase the stem tillering number, leaf area index, aboveground biomass and nitrogen uptake. Eventually the panicle number per hectare was finally significantly higher. Rice yield for both varieties had increased trend, but no significantly. In addition, increasing Zn fertilizer treatment can significantly improve the quality of rice for two varieties.Spraying on the leaf of anic silicon fertilizer can significantly reduce the two varieties of rice plant height, Browning incidence and disease index. Rice leaf area index, aboveground biomass and nitrogen uptake and ha panicles, spraying on the leaf anic silicon processing relative to not spraying process has increased trend, but the difference was not significant, eventually did not increase significantly. And spraying silicon fertilizer can significantly improve the quality of paddy rice, and after spraying silicon fertilizer Longqingdao 3 improves the whole polished rice rate increase and reduced the rate of chalk white, Sanjiang 6 shows a similar trend. In addition, two kinds of nutritional quality also increased significantly. Amylose increased by % and % respectively, the protein was reduced by % and % respectively.Keywords: Qixing Farm，Organic fertilizer， Silicon。 Zinc，Rice growing，Yield and quality目 錄摘 要 ..............................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................II第一章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ...........................................................................................................................1 研究目的與意義 ...................................................................................................................1 國(guó)內(nèi)外研究進(jìn)展 ....................................................................................................................2 養(yǎng)分管理對(duì)水稻生長(zhǎng)的影響 .........................................................................................2 養(yǎng)分管理對(duì)水稻產(chǎn)量與肥料