【正文】 摘 要近年來，我國的汽車發(fā)動機水平有著顯著的提高，但是，大多數(shù)發(fā)動機關(guān)鍵零部件技術(shù)還掌握在跨國公司手中，我們的發(fā)動機技術(shù)水平與世界新進水平相比還有不小的差距，同時，國內(nèi)數(shù)控技術(shù)得到很大發(fā)展，尤其是汽車零部件的設(shè)計、制造與生產(chǎn)更是競爭白熱化的階段。發(fā)動機右支架是汽車發(fā)動機上的主要零部件，制造精度要求高，零件形狀較為復(fù)雜。本設(shè)計針對汽車發(fā)動機右支架加工工藝和鉆底孔專用夾具進行了研究。在加工工藝方面，采用了工序集中與工序分散相結(jié)合的加工方法，使用加工中心等數(shù)控機床對部分工序采取集中加工。在實際生產(chǎn)中，這套工藝可以保證機器零件的加工質(zhì)量，提高生產(chǎn)率；降低制造成本；減輕工人的勞動強度，保證生產(chǎn)安全。在零件加工過程中，幾乎每道工序都采用專用夾具與特殊加工工藝相結(jié)合，保證零件在加工和裝配過程中尺寸的高精度要求，減少零件在加工中的變形、保障整體部件裝配尺寸精良、配合準(zhǔn)確。在加工中心孔系加工工序的專用夾具設(shè)計過程中，考慮到零件形狀較為復(fù)雜，可選擇的定位面較少，現(xiàn)以右支架底面作為精基準(zhǔn)，用兩個定位銷和三個支承板對其進行六點完全定位，采用液壓夾緊方式并用兩個帶螺旋槽的鉤頭壓板夾緊工件。結(jié)果表明，此加工工藝能使工件加工精度符合各項尺寸要求，并且提高了生產(chǎn)率。專用夾具的使用保證了工件定位的準(zhǔn)確和穩(wěn)定，提高了工作效率。關(guān)鍵詞： 汽車發(fā)動機右支架；工藝；夾具AbstractIn recent years, with the external technical beening massively introduced, the domestic automobile profession has been rapidly obtained right support is the main parts on the “engine”——the automobile heart. The manufacture precision and the plex ponent requests shape bring a lot of inconvenient during the process.This design researches systematically on the engine right support processing craft and the jig.In the processing craft aspect the processing method that the working procedure centralism and the dispersed phase are bined is used, and the numerical control engine beds is used to process centrally the partial working procedures, then, not only the processing quality is guaranteed, but also the production efficiency is greatly enhanced .At the same time, the former hole surface processing is innovated in the processing working procedure successively the order which causes the localization to be more accurate, thus also enable the ponents the processing precision to obtain a better the jig design aspect, in each working procedure the unit clamp is used to carry on the clamp nearly to the work piece, and in partial working procedures, the elastic localization is used to overe the work piece distortion during clamps produces and the the prefolk prescription law is used to solve the middle axle distortion during bracket processing.While the special clamp is design, the plex ponent shape and the few choice location are taken into account, the right support bottom surface is taken as the fine datum, and two positioning pins and four supporting tablet couplet are used to locate pletely, the hydraulic pressure clamp method is selected and two belt spiral groove hooks are used to clamp work piece, which not only ensure the processing precision and the production efficiency, but also enhanced the production security and the working conditions.The findings indicate that process precision of the motor engine right support are fit for each size requirement and this technology enhances the productivity, which advanced the create a secure production special clamping make sure that the work piece is located correctly ,and the working strength is reduced in the mobile clamping way,at the same time the work efficiency is improved.Keywords:Right support of automobile engine ；Technology ；Jig 引 言發(fā)動機是汽車的心臟.汽車的發(fā)展與發(fā)動機的進步有著直接的聯(lián)系.18世紀(jì)中葉,瓦特發(fā)明了蒸氣機,(),是世界上第一輛蒸汽機車.1858年,定居在法國巴黎的里諾發(fā)明了煤氣發(fā)動機[煤氣發(fā)動機如下 圖2],使用電池和感應(yīng)線圈產(chǎn)生電火花,活塞,連桿,因為煤氣發(fā)動機的壓縮比為零.1867年,德國人奧托(Nicolaus August Otto)受里諾研制煤氣發(fā)動機的啟發(fā),對煤氣發(fā)動機進行了大量的研究,制作了一臺臥式氣壓煤氣發(fā)動機,后經(jīng)過改進,奧托提出了內(nèi)燃機的四沖程理論,本茨根據(jù)奧托發(fā)動機的原理,各自研制出具有現(xiàn)代意義的汽油發(fā)動機,為汽車的發(fā)展鋪平了道路.1892年,德國工程師狄塞爾根據(jù)定壓熱功循環(huán)原理,研制出壓燃式柴油機,并取得了制造這種發(fā)動機的專利權(quán).1957年,德國人汪克爾發(fā)明了轉(zhuǎn)子活塞發(fā)動機,無曲軸連桿和配氣機構(gòu),%,質(zhì)量輕,體積小,轉(zhuǎn)速高,轉(zhuǎn)速為5500轉(zhuǎn)/,(馬自達公司)買下了轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動機的樣機,并把轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動機裝在汽車上,可以說,轉(zhuǎn)子發(fā)動機生在德國,長在日本.汽車的外貌——車身造型在早期的汽車設(shè)計和制造當(dāng)中,人們把主要精力都花費在汽車的機械工程學(xué)方面,到了20世紀(jì)20年代后汽車設(shè)計者們開始著手從汽車的外部造型上進行改進并相繼引進了空氣動力學(xué),流體力學(xué),人體工程學(xué)以及工業(yè)造型設(shè)計(工業(yè)美學(xué)),主要經(jīng)歷了以下幾個階段:馬車型汽車，箱型汽車，甲殼蟲型汽車，船型汽車，魚型汽車，楔型汽車。其中甲殼蟲型轎車可以說是一個劃時代的產(chǎn)品.從30年代到40年代末的20年間,可以說是流線型汽車的黃金時代,并超過了數(shù)百萬輛.在汽車史上有一個特別的例子,一種汽車式樣的存在和它的生產(chǎn)設(shè)備都取